excel

可以将本文中的代码复制到消息处理函数，MFC.cpp 文件中定义的事件。但是，代码的目的是为了说明使用 IDispatch 接口和 Excel 类型库中定义的成员函数的过程。主要优点来自于阅读和理解代码，以便您可以修改该的示例或自动执行 Microsoft Excel 97、 Excel 2000 或 Excel 2002 从头开始编写代码。

自动完成 Microsoft Excel 2000 及更高版本的注释：

某些方法和属性已更改 Microsoft Excel 2000 及更高版本。有关使用 Microsoft Excel 2000 和更高版本的类型库与本文所述将示例代码的其他信息，请参阅 Microsoft 知识库中下面的文章：

224925  信息: 为 Office 类型库可能会更改与新版本

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创建项目的步骤

1. 在 Microsoft Excel 中创建名为 Test.xls 一个新的工作簿，并将其保存在根目录下的驱动器 c。
2. 请按照步骤 1 至 12 中，以下 Microsoft 知识库文章创建示例项目使用 IDispatch 接口和 Excel 类型库中定义的成员函数的步骤操作：
   178749  如何创建自动化项目使用 MFC 和类型库
3. 在 AutoProjectDlg.cpp 顶部添加以下行：

         #include "excel8.h" // excel9.h for Excel 2000, excel.h for Excel 2002
   					

4. 将下面的代码添加到 CAutoProjectDlg::OnRun() AutoProjectDLG.cpp 文件中。
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   示例代码

         try
         {
          _Application app;  // app is the Excel _Application object.
          _Workbook book;
          _Worksheet sheet;
          _Chart chart;
   
          Workbooks books;
          Worksheets sheets;
          Range range;
          ChartObjects chartobjects;
          Charts charts;
          LPDISPATCH lpDisp;
   
          // Common OLE variants. These are easy variants to use for
          // calling arguments.
          COleVariant
                     covTrue((short)TRUE),
                     covFalse((short)FALSE),
                     covOptional((long)DISP_E_PARAMNOTFOUND, VT_ERROR);
   
          // Start Excel and get the Application object.
          if(!app.CreateDispatch("Excel.Application"))
          {
           AfxMessageBox(
                "Couldn't start Excel and get an application 0bject");
           return;
          }
   
          // Set visible.
          app.SetVisible(TRUE);
   
          // Get Workbooks collection.
          lpDisp = app.GetWorkbooks();  // Get an IDispatch pointer.
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
          books.AttachDispatch( lpDisp );  // Attach the IDispatch pointer
                                           // to the books object.
             // Open a workbook.
             lpDisp = books.Open("C:\\Test",
                         covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional,
                         covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional,
                         covOptional, covOptional, covOptional, covOptional,
                         covOptional, covOptional, covOptional); // Excel 2000 requires only 13 arguments
             ASSERT(lpDisp);  // It should have worked.
   
          // Attach to a Workbook object.
          book.AttachDispatch( lpDisp );  // Attach the IDispatch pointer
                                          // to the Workbook object.
   
          // Get sheets.
          lpDisp = book.GetSheets();
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
          sheets.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);
   
          lpDisp = sheets.GetItem( COleVariant((short)(1)) );
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
   
          // Attach the lpDisp pointer to a Worksheet object.
          sheet.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);
   
          lpDisp = sheet.GetRange(COleVariant("A1"), COleVariant("W40"));
                                  // The range is from A1 to W40.
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
          range.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);  // Attach the IDispatch pointer
                                         // to the range object.
          range.Clear();  // Could be ClearContents().
   
          ::Sleep(500); // So you can see it happen.
   
          lpDisp = sheet.GetRange(COleVariant("A3"), COleVariant("A3"));
                                                    // From A3 to A3.
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
          range.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);  // Attach the IDispatch pointer
                                         // the range object.
          range.SetValue(COleVariant("March")); // Excel 97 & Excel 2000.
   
   range.SetValue2(COleVariant("March")); // Insert March into range.
   
   
          // Following is a series of repetitive steps to populate the
          // worksheet's cells with a series of Months and values to be
          // used in the Chart object, which is yet to be constructed.
   
          lpDisp = sheet.GetRange(COleVariant("B3"), COleVariant("B3"));
   
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
          range.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);
          range.SetValue(COleVariant("12")); // 97 & 2000
   
   range.SetValue2(COleVariant("12")); //  Value for March.
   
   
          lpDisp = sheet.GetRange(COleVariant("A4"), COleVariant("A4"));
               // Months will be in column A, values in column B.
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
          range.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);
          range.SetValue(COleVariant("April"));// Excel 97 & Excel 2000
   
   range.SetValue2(COleVariant("April")); // Excel 2002
   
   
          lpDisp = sheet.GetRange(COleVariant("B4"), COleVariant("B4"));
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
          range.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);
          range.SetValue(COleVariant("8")); // Excel 97 & Excel 2000
   
   range.SetValue2(COleVariant("8")); // Excel 2002
   
          lpDisp = sheet.GetRange(COleVariant("A5"), COleVariant("A5"));
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
          range.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);
          range.SetValue(COleVariant("May"));
   
   range.SetValue2(COleVariant("May"));
   
          lpDisp = sheet.GetRange(COleVariant("B5"), COleVariant("B5"));
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
          range.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);
          range.SetValue(COleVariant("2"));
   
   range.SetValue2(COleVariant("2"));
   
          lpDisp = sheet.GetRange(COleVariant("A6"), COleVariant("A6"));
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
          range.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);
          range.SetValue(COleVariant("June"));
   
   range.SetValue2(COleVariant("June"));
   
          lpDisp = sheet.GetRange(COleVariant("B6"), COleVariant("B6"));
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
          range.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);
          range.SetValue(COleVariant("11"));
   
   range.SetValue2(COleVariant("11"));
   
          lpDisp = sheet.GetRange(COleVariant("A7"), COleVariant("A7"));
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
          range.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);
          range.SetValue(COleVariant("July"));
   
   range.SetValue2(COleVariant("July"));
   
          lpDisp = sheet.GetRange(COleVariant("B7"), COleVariant("B7"));
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
          range.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);
          range.SetValue(COleVariant("16"));
   
   range.SetValue2(COleVariant("16"));
   
          // The cells are populated. To start the chart,
          // declare some long variables and site the chart.
          long left, top, width, height;
          left = 100;
          top = 10;
          width = 350;
          height = 250;
   
          lpDisp = sheet.ChartObjects(covOptional);
   
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
          chartobjects.AttachDispatch(lpDisp); // Attach the lpDisp pointer
                                     // for ChartObjects to the chartobjects
                                     // object.
          ChartObject chartobject = chartobjects.Add(left, top, width, height); 
                                   //defines the rectangle, 
                                   // adds a new chart at that rectangle and 
                                   // assigns its object reference to a 
                                   // ChartObject variable named chartobject
          chart.AttachDispatch(chartobject.GetChart()); // GetChart() returns
                                            // LPDISPATCH, and this attaches 
                                            // it to your chart object.
   
          lpDisp = sheet.GetRange(COleVariant("A3"), COleVariant("B7"));
                            // The range containing the data to be charted.
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
          range.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);
   
          VARIANT var; // ChartWizard needs a Variant for the Source range.
          var.vt = VT_DISPATCH; // .vt is the usable member of the tagVARIANT
                                // Struct. Its value is a union of options.
          var.pdispVal = lpDisp; // Assign IDispatch pointer
                                 // of the Source range to var.
   
          chart.ChartWizard(var,                    // Source.
                           COleVariant((short)11),  // Gallery: 3d Column.
                           covOptional,             // Format, use default.
                           COleVariant((short)1),   // PlotBy: xlRows.
                           COleVariant((short)0),   // CategoryLabels.
                           COleVariant((short)1),   // SeriesLabels.
                           COleVariant((short)TRUE),  // HasLegend.
                           COleVariant("Use by Month"),  // Title.
                           COleVariant("Month"),    // CategoryTitle.
                           COleVariant("Usage in Thousands"),  // ValueTitles.
                           covOptional              // ExtraTitle.
                           );
          // The return is void.
          ::Sleep(3000);
          chartobject.Delete();  // Removes the first chartobject, sets the
          // ChartObjects.Item() count to 0. The next chart will restore the
          // item count to 1.
          ::Sleep(3000);  // Set the selected range to be erased.
          range.Clear();  // Erase the usage data.
   
          // Beginning of chart 2.
          lpDisp = sheet.GetRange(COleVariant("B3"), COleVariant("B3"));
                                         // From B3 to B3.
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
          range.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);  // Attach the IDispatch pointer
                                         // to the range object.
          range.SetValue(COleVariant("Chocolate")); // Insert Chocolate into
                                                    // the range object.
   range.SetValue2(COleVariant("Chocolate")); // Insert Chocolate
   
          // Following is a series of repetitive steps to populate the
          // worksheet's cells with a series of Flavors and values to be
          // used in the chart object, your second chart.
   
          lpDisp = sheet.GetRange(COleVariant("B4"), COleVariant("B4"));
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
          range.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);
          range.SetValue(COleVariant("12")); // Value for Chocolate.
   
   range.SetValue2(COleVariant("12")); // Value for Chocolate.
   
          lpDisp = sheet.GetRange(COleVariant("C3"), COleVariant("C3"));
               // Flavors will be in row 3, values in row 4.
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
          range.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);
          range.SetValue(COleVariant("Vanilla"));
   
   range.SetValue2(COleVariant("Vanilla"));
   
          lpDisp = sheet.GetRange(COleVariant("C4"), COleVariant("C4"));
   
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
          range.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);
          range.SetValue(COleVariant("8"));
   
   range.SetValue2(COleVariant("8"));
   
          lpDisp = sheet.GetRange(COleVariant("D3"), COleVariant("D3"));
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
          range.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);
          range.SetValue(COleVariant("Orange"));
   
   range.SetValue2(COleVariant("Orange"));
   
          lpDisp = sheet.GetRange(COleVariant("D4"), COleVariant("D4"));
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
          range.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);
          range.SetValue(COleVariant("6"));
   
   range.SetValue2(COleVariant("6"));
   
          // The cells are populated. To start the chart,
          // define the bounds, and site the chart.
   
          left = 250;
          top = 40;
          width = 300;
   
          height = 300;
   
          lpDisp = sheet.ChartObjects(covOptional);
   
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
          chartobjects.AttachDispatch(lpDisp); // Attach the lpDisp pointer
                                      // for ChartObjects to the chartobjects
                                      // object.
          chartobjects.Add(left, top, width, height); // Adds 1 to item count.
   
          //**************************************
          lpDisp = chartobjects.Item( COleVariant((short)(1)) );  // It was
              // zero, but just added one at a new location,
              // with new left, top, width, and height.
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
          chartobject.AttachDispatch(lpDisp); // Use definition of new chart
                                              // site.
          chart.AttachDispatch(chartobject.GetChart());
          //**************************************
   
          lpDisp = sheet.GetRange(COleVariant("B3"), COleVariant("D4"));
                            // Range containing the data to be charted.
          ASSERT(lpDisp);
          range.AttachDispatch(lpDisp);
   
          var.pdispVal = lpDisp; // Contains IDispatch pointer
                                 // to the Source range.
   
          chart.ChartWizard(var,                    // Source.
                           COleVariant((short)11),  // Gallery = 3D Column.
                           covOptional,             // Format, use default.
                           COleVariant((short)2),   // PlotBy xlColumns.
                           COleVariant((short)0),   // CategoryLabels.
                           COleVariant((short)1),   // SeriesLabels.
                           COleVariant((short)TRUE),  // HasLegend.
                           COleVariant("Use by Flavor"),  // Title.
                           COleVariant("Flavor"),    // CategoryTitle.
                           COleVariant("Usage in Barrells"),  // ValueTitles.
                           covOptional              // ExtraTitle.
                           );
          // The return is void.
          ::Sleep(3000);
   
          //Show the chart in Print Preview.
          chart.PrintOut(COleVariant((short)1),     // From (page #).
                         COleVariant((short)1),     // To (page #).
                         COleVariant((short)1),     // Copies.
                         COleVariant((short)TRUE),  // Preview.
                         covOptional,               // ActivePrinter.
                         covFalse,                  // PrintToFile.
                         covFalse                   // Collate.
                         covOptional                // PrToFileName // 2002 only
                         );
   
          book.SetSaved(TRUE); // Avoids the 'Save changes?' dialog box.
          app.Quit(); // Excel departs.
   
          // By default, the pointer references for the objects
          // range, book, chart, chartobjects, sheet, and app
          // are automatically released when they go out of scope.
          // ReleaseDispatch()s are unnecessary.
   
          ::Sleep(1000);
          AfxMessageBox("Just executed App.Quit()");
   
         }  // End of processing logic.
   
         catch(COleException *e)
         {
           char buf[1024];
   
           sprintf(buf, "COleException. SCODE: %08lx.", (long)e->m_sc);
           ::MessageBox(NULL, buf, "COleException", MB_SETFOREGROUND | MB_OK);
         }
   
         catch(COleDispatchException *e)
         {
          char buf[1024];
          sprintf(buf,
                  "COleDispatchException. SCODE: %08lx, Description: \"%s\".",
                  (long)e->m_wCode,
                  (LPSTR)e->m_strDescription.GetBuffer(1024));
          ::MessageBox(NULL, buf, "COleDispatchException",
                       MB_SETFOREGROUND | MB_OK);
         }
   
         catch(...)
         {
          ::MessageBox(NULL, "General Exception caught.", "Catch-All",
                       MB_SETFOREGROUND | MB_OK);
         }
   					

5. 您可能需要修改 CAutoProjectDlg::OnRun() 以指示您的工作簿 Test.xls 为正确的路径中的代码。在下面的行中引用该工作簿：

         lpDisp = books.open("C:\\Test", . . .);
   					

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参考

有关自动化的 Office 应用程序的其他信息，请单击下面文章编号，以查看 Microsoft 知识库中相应的文章：

222101  如何查找和使用 Office 对象模型文档