Hibernate 继承映射

继承映射在 Annotation 中使用 @Inheritance 注解,并且需要使用 strategy 属性指定继承策略,继承策略有 SINGLE_TABLE、TABLE_PER_CLASS 和 JOINED 三种。

一、SINGLE_TABLE

SINGLE_TABLE 是将父类和其所有的子类集合在一块,存在一张表中,并创建一个新的字段来判断对象的类型。

Person.java:

   1:  @Entity
   2:  @Inheritance(strategy=InheritanceType.SINGLE_TABLE)
   3:  @DiscriminatorColumn(name="discriminator",discriminatorType=DiscriminatorType.STRING)
   4:  @DiscriminatorValue("person")
   5:  public class Person {
   6:      @Id
   7:      @GeneratedValue
   8:      private int id;
   9:      private String name;
  10:  //Getters and setters omitted here...
  11:  }

@Inheritance 的 strategy 属性是指定继承关系的生成策略,@DiscriminatorColumn 注解作用是指定生成的新的判断对象类型的字段的名称和类型,@DiscriminatorValue 注解是确定此类(Person)的标示,即 DiscriminatorColumn 的值。

Student.java:

   1:  @Entity
   2:  @DiscriminatorValue("student")
   3:  public class Student extends Person{
   4:      private int score;
   5:  //Getters and setters omitted here...
   6:  }

Teacher.java:

   1:  @Entity
   2:  @DiscriminatorValue("teacher")
   3:  public class Teacher extends Person{
   4:      private String title;
   5:  //Getters and setters omitted here...
   6:  }

生成的数据库表如下:

Hibernate 继承映射_第1张图片

存入数据后结构如下:

Hibernate 继承映射_第2张图片

二、TABLE_PER_CLASS

TABLE_PER_CLASS 是为每一个类创建一个表,这些表是相互独立的。

Person.java:

   1:  @Entity
   2:  @Inheritance(strategy=InheritanceType.TABLE_PER_CLASS)
   3:  public class Person {
   4:      @Id
   5:      private int id;
   6:      private String name;
   7:  //Getters and setters omitted here...
   8:  }

Student.java:

   1:  @Entity
   2:  public class Student extends Person{
   3:      private int score;
   4:  //Getters and setters omitted here...
   5:  }

Teacher.java:

   1:  @Entity
   2:  public class Teacher extends Person{
   3:      private String title;
   4:  //Getters and setters omitted here...
   5:  }

创建的数据库表如下:

 

三、JOINED

JOINED 是将父类、子类分别存放在不同的表中,并且建立相应的外键,以确定相互之间的关系。

Person.java:

   1:  @Entity
   2:  @Inheritance(strategy=InheritanceType.JOINED)
   3:  public class Person {
   4:      @Id
   5:      @GeneratedValue
   6:      private int id;
   7:      private String name;
   8:  //Getters and setters omitted here...
   9:  }

子类中只需声明与父类不同的域即可:

Student.java:

   1:  @Entity
   2:  public class Student extends Person{
   3:      private int coat;
   4:  //Getters and setters omitted here...
   5:  }

Teacher.java 类似。

生成的数据库表如下:

Hibernate 继承映射_第3张图片

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