Oracle 11g R2 RAC：配置 DNS 解析 SCAN VIP
Oracle 11gR2Grid Infrastructure (CRS) 中引入了 Single Client Access Name (SCAN) 来简化客户端对数据库服务的访问。
本文将详细介绍如何配置 DNS 来解析 SCAN VIP
演示环境
OracleEnterprise Linux 5.6
一、安装 DNS Server
rpm -ivhbind-9.3.6-16.P1.el5.i386.rpm
rpm -ivhbind-chroot-9.3.6-16.P1.el5.i386.rpm
rpm -ivhcaching-nameserver-9.3.6-16.P1.el5.i386.rpm
DNS的守护进程
/usr/sbin/named
/usr/sbin/rndc
DNS的脚本
/etc/init.d/named
DNS的端口
53 953(tcp udp)
DNS的配置文件
/var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf(主配置文件)
/var/named/chroot/*
二、配置 DNS Server
1、创建主配置文件 named.conf
[root@rac1 Server]#cd /var/named/chroot/etc
[root@rac1 etc]# ls-lt
total 24
-rw-r----- 1 rootnamed 113 Jun 1 07:46 rndc.key
-rw-r----- 1 rootnamed 1230 Jan 14 2011named.caching-nameserver.conf
-rw-r----- 1 rootnamed 955 Jan 14 2011 named.rfc1912.zones
-rw-r--r-- 1 rootroot 3519 Feb 27 2006 localtime
[root@rac1 etc]#more named.caching-nameserver.conf
//
//named.caching-nameserver.conf
//
// Provided by RedHat caching-nameserver package to configure the
// ISC BIND named(8)DNS server as a caching only nameserver
// (as a localhostDNS resolver only).
//
// See/usr/share/doc/bind*/sample/ for example named configuration files.
//
// DONOT EDIT THIS FILE - use system-config-bind or an editor
// tocreate named.conf - edits to this file will be lost on
// caching-nameserver package upgrade.
//
------创建 named.conf 配置文件
[root@rac1 etc]# cp-p named.caching-nameserver.conf named.conf
[root@rac1 etc]# ls-lt
total 28
-rw-r----- 1 rootnamed 113 Jun 1 07:46 rndc.key
-rw-r----- 1 rootnamed 1230 Jan 14 2011named.caching-nameserver.conf
-rw-r----- 1 rootnamed 1230 Jan 14 2011 named.conf
-rw-r----- 1 rootnamed 955 Jan 14 2011 named.rfc1912.zones
-rw-r--r-- 1 rootroot 3519 Feb 27 2006 localtime
-------编辑刚刚创建的 named.conf 文件，按照如下方式修改：
listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; };
allow-query { localhost; };
match-clients { localhost; };
match-destinations { localhost; };
allow-query-cache { localhost; };
将上述entry中的 host 信息全部修改为 any，注意保留源文件中的空格
2、配置正向解析和反向解析 zone
------配置正向解析 zone
[root@rac1 etc]# vinamed.rfc1912.zones
zone"oracle.com" IN {
type master;
file "rac.oracle.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};
------配置反向解析 zone
[root@rac1 etc]# vinamed.rfc1912.zones
zone"8.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type master;
file "rac.oracle.local";
allow-update { none; };
};
这里需要注意的是，反向解析从左到右读取ip地址时是以相反的方向解释的，所以需要将ip地址反向排列。这里，192.168.8.*网段的反向解析域名为"8.168.192.in-addr.arpa"。
3、利用模板文件创建用于正向解析和反向解析数据库文件
[root@rac1 etc]# cd/var/named/chroot/var/named
[root@rac1 named]#ls -lt
total 44
-rw-r----- 1root named 198 Jan 14 2011 localdomain.zone
-rw-r----- 1root named 195 Jan 14 2011 localhost.zone
-rw-r----- 1root named 427 Jan 14 2011 named.broadcast
-rw-r----- 1root named 1892 Jan 14 2011 named.ca
-rw-r----- 1root named 424 Jan 14 2011 named.ip6.local
-rw-r----- 1root named 426 Jan 14 2011 named.local
-rw-r----- 1root named 427 Jan 14 2011 named.zero
drwxrwx--- 2 namednamed 4096 Aug 26 2004 data
drwxrwx--- 2 namednamed 4096 Jul 27 2004 slaves
-----创建正向解析数据库文件
[root@rac1named]# cp -p localhost.zonerac.oracle.zone
-----创建方向解析数据库文件
[root@rac1named]# cp -p named.localrac.oracle.local
-----配置正向解析数据库文件
[root@rac1 named]#vim rac.oracle.zone
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA oracle.comroot.oracle.com (
42 ; serial (d. adams)
3H ; refresh
15M ; retry
1W ; expiry
1D ) ; minimum
IN NS oracle.com
rac-scan IN A192.168.8.31
rac-scan IN A192.168.8.32
rac-scan IN A192.168.8.33
注意：无论RAC有多少节点，SCAN VIP 的个数只能有3个
-----配置反向解析数据库文件
[root@rac1 named]#vim rac.oracle.local
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA oracle.com.root.oracle.com. (
1997022700 ; Serial
28800 ; Refresh
14400 ; Retry
3600000 ; Expire
86400 ) ; Minimum
IN NS oracle.com.
31 IN PTRrac-scan.oracle.com.
32 IN PTRrac-scan.oracle.com.
33 IN PTRrac-scan.oracle.com.
注意：
（1） 数字写IP 地址的最后一个。如192.168.6.100, 就写100
（2） rac-scan. 后面有一个点
4、重启 DNS Server
[root@rac1 named]#service named restart
Stopping named:[ OK ]
Starting named:[ OK ]
5、配置 DNS 客户端
[root@rac1 named]#more /etc/resolv.conf
#search oracle.com
#nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver192.168.8.11
注意，如有必要刻意修改 /etc/nsswitch.conf 文件配置主机解析方式
6、验证 DNS 配置
[root@rac1 named]#nslookup 192.168.8.32
Server: 192.168.8.11
Address: 192.168.8.11#53
32.8.168.192.in-addr.arpa name = rac-scan.oracle.com.
[root@rac1 named]#cd /var/named/chroot/var/named
[root@rac1 named]#nslookup rac-scan
Server: 192.168.8.11
Address: 192.168.8.11#53
Name: rac-scan.oracle.com
Address:192.168.8.31
Name: rac-scan.oracle.com
Address:192.168.8.32
Name: rac-scan.oracle.com
Address:192.168.8.33
[root@rac1 named]#nslookup rac-scan.oracle.com
Server: 192.168.8.11
Address: 192.168.8.11#53
Name: rac-scan.oracle.com
Address:192.168.8.33
Name: rac-scan.oracle.com
Address:192.168.8.31
Name: rac-scan.oracle.com
Address:192.168.8.32
[root@rac1 named]#nslookup 192.168.8.32
Server: 192.168.8.11
Address: 192.168.8.11#53
32.8.168.192.in-addr.arpa name = rac-scan.oracle.com.
#eth0 - PUBLIC
192.168.8.11rac1.oracle.com rac1
192.168.8.12rac2.oracle.com rac2
#VIP
192.168.8.21rac1-vip.oracle.com rac1-vip
192.168.8.22rac2-vip.oracle.com rac2-vip
#eth1 - PRIVATE
10.10.10.11rac1-priv1
10.10.10.12rac2-priv2
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作者：xiangsir
原文链接：http://blog.csdn.net/xiangsir/article/details/9236199
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