Centos Linux kernel内核升级

一、Linux kernel官网

https://www.kernel.org

There are several main categories into which kernel releases may fall:

• Prepatch

  Prepatch or "RC" kernels are mainline kernel pre-releases that are mostly aimed at other kernel developers and Linux enthusiasts. They must be compiled from source and usually contain new features that must be tested before they can be put into a stable release. Prepatch kernels are maintained and released by Linus Torvalds.

• Mainline

  Mainline tree is maintained by Linus Torvalds. It's the tree where all new features are introduced and where all the exciting new development happens. New mainline kernels are released every 2-3 months.

• Stable

  After each mainline kernel is released, it is considered "stable." Any bug fixes for a stable kernel are backported from the mainline tree and applied by a designated stable kernel maintainer. There are usually only a few bugfix kernel releases until next mainline kernel becomes available -- unless it is designated a "longterm maintenance kernel." Stable kernel updates are released on as-needed basis, usually 2-3 a month.

  Longterm

• There are usually several "longterm maintenance" kernel releases provided for the purposes of backporting bugfixes for older kernel trees. Only important bugfixes are applied to such kernels and they don't usually see very frequent releases, especially for older trees.

Longterm release kernels

Version	Maintainer	Released	Projected EOL
4.4	Greg Kroah-Hartman	2016/1/10	Feb, 2018
4.1	Sasha Levin	2015/6/21	Sep, 2017
3.18	Sasha Levin	2014/12/7	Jan, 2017
3.14	Greg Kroah-Hartman	2014/3/30	Aug, 2016
3.12	Jiri Slaby	2013/11/3	Jan, 2017
3.1	Willy Tarreau	2013/6/30	Oct, 2017
3.4	Li Zefan	2012/5/20	Sep, 2016
3.2	Ben Hutchings	2012/1/4	May, 2018

二、ELRepo站点

http://elrepo.org/tiki/tiki-index.php

Welcome to ELRepo, an RPM repository for Enterprise Linux packages. ELRepo supports Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) and its derivatives (Scientific Linux, CentOS & others).

The ELRepo Project focuses on hardware related packages to enhance your experience with Enterprise Linux. This includes filesystem drivers, graphics drivers, network drivers, sound drivers, webcam and video drivers.

ELRepo关注于RHEL内核以及硬件相关驱动。

rhel7最新的内核rpm包

http://ftp.colocall.net/pub/elrepo/archive/kernel/el7/x86_64/RPMS/

三、升级过程

1.导入ELRepo yum源的key

rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org

2.安装ELRepo源

rpm -Uvh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-2.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm

3.在yum的ELRepo源中

The difference is that kernel-lt is based on a "long term support" branch and kernel-ml is based on the "mainline stable" branch.

• 安装ml版本的内核
  

  yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install  kernel-ml-devel kernel-ml -y

• 安装lt版本的内核

  yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install  kernel-lt-devel kernel-lt -y

4.修改内核启动顺序，默认启动的顺序应该为1,升级以后内核是往前面插入，为0

grub2-set-default 0 

5. 重启系统

reboot

6. 然后查看内核版本

uname -r