java 操作 Excel (读取Excel2003 2007，Poi实现)
一. Apache POI 简介（ http://poi.apache.org/）
使用Java程序读写Microsoft Office，提供了下面这几种类型：
HSSF－提供读写Microsoft Excel XLS格式档案的功能。
XSSF－提供读写Microsoft Excel OOXML XLSX格式档案的功能。
HWPF－提供读写Microsoft Word DOC格式档案的功能。
HSLF－ 供读写Microsoft PowerPoint格式档案的功能。
HDGF－提供读Microsoft Visio格式档案的功能。
HPBF－提供读Microsoft Publisher格式档案的功能。
二、POI操作Excel
1. 官方快速帮助：http://poi.apache.org/spreadsheet/quick-guide.html
2. 导入包：poi-3.6.jar
Java代码
package excel.poi;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Iterator;
import org.apache.poi.POITextExtractor;
import org.apache.poi.extractor.ExtractorFactory;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDataFormat;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.OpenXML4JException;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.IndexedColors;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCreationHelper;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.xmlbeans.XmlException;
public class ReadExcel {
/**
* 读取office 2003 xls
* @param filePath
*/
@SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "deprecation" })
public void loadXls(String filePath){
try {
InputStream input = new FileInputStream("D:\\资料\\文档一期\\xls\\082010 凤鸣轩书单.xls");
POIFSFileSystem fs = new POIFSFileSystem(input);
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fs);
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
// Iterate over each row in the sheet
Iterator rows = sheet.rowIterator();
while (rows.hasNext()) {
HSSFRow row = (HSSFRow) rows.next();
System.out.println("Row #" + row.getRowNum());
// Iterate over each cell in the row and print out the cell"s
// content
Iterator cells = row.cellIterator();
while (cells.hasNext()) {
HSSFCell cell = (HSSFCell) cells.next();
System.out.println("Cell #" + cell.getCellNum());
switch (cell.getCellType()) {
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:
System.out.println(cell.getNumericCellValue());
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:
System.out.println(cell.getStringCellValue());
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
System.out.println(cell.getBooleanCellValue());
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA:
System.out.println(cell.getCellFormula());
break;
default:
System.out.println("unsuported sell type");
break;
}
}
}
} catch (IOException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 读取xlsx文本
* @param filePath
*/
public void loadXlsxText(String filePath){
File inputFile = new File("D:\\test.xlsx");
try {
POITextExtractor extractor = ExtractorFactory.createExtractor(inputFile);
System.out.println(extractor.getText());
} catch (InvalidFormatException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (OpenXML4JException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (XmlException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 读取office 2007 xlsx
* @param filePath
*/
public void loadXlsx(String filePath){
// 构造 XSSFWorkbook 对象，strPath 传入文件路径
XSSFWorkbook xwb = null;
try {
xwb = new XSSFWorkbook("D:\\text.xlsx");
} catch (IOException e) {
System.out.println("读取文件出错");
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 读取第一章表格内容
XSSFSheet sheet = xwb.getSheetAt(0);
// 定义 row、cell
XSSFRow row;
String cell;
// 循环输出表格中的内容
for (int i = sheet.getFirstRowNum()+1; i < sheet.getPhysicalNumberOfRows(); i++) {
row = sheet.getRow(i);
for (int j = row.getFirstCellNum(); j < row.getPhysicalNumberOfCells(); j++) {
// 通过 row.getCell(j).toString() 获取单元格内容，
if (j==1&&i!=0) {
cell = row.getCell(j).getDateCellValue().toLocaleString();
}else {
cell = row.getCell(j).toString();
}
/* //获取字体和背景颜色
String rgbShort=row.getCell(j).getCellStyle().getFont().getCTFont().getColorArray()[0].xmlText();
rgbShort=ReadExcel.substringBetween(rgbShort, "rgb=\"","\"/>");
String rgbShort=row.getCell(j).getCellStyle().getFillBackgroundXSSFColor().getCTColor().toString();
Color color=new Color(Color.BLUE.getRGB());
System.out.print(cell +",index:"+rgbShort+" red:"+color.getRed()+" blue:"+color.getBlue()+"\t"); */
System.out.print(cell +"\t");
}
System.out.println("");
}
}
/**
* HSSF 写入excel xls 格式
* @param filePath
* @throws IOException
*/
public void writeXls(String filePath)throws IOException{
//工作簿 23.
HSSFWorkbook hssfworkbook=new HSSFWorkbook();
//创建sheet页 25.
HSSFSheet hssfsheet=hssfworkbook.createSheet();
//sheet名称
hssfworkbook.setSheetName(0,"研发部门");
//取得第一行 29.
HSSFRow hssfrow=hssfsheet.createRow(0);
//创建第一个单元格并处理乱码 31.
HSSFCell hssfcell_0=hssfrow.createCell((short)0);
//hssfcell_0.setEncoding(HSSFWorkbook.ENCODING_UTF_16);
//对第一个单元格赋值 34.
hssfcell_0.setCellValue("研发工程师1");
//日期单元格格式处理
HSSFCellStyle hssfcellstyle=hssfworkbook.createCellStyle();
//m/d/yyh:mm 39.
hssfcellstyle.setDataFormat(HSSFDataFormat.getBuiltinFormat("m/d/yy"));
//创建第二个单元格 41.
HSSFCell hssfcell_1=hssfrow.createCell((short)1);
hssfcell_1.setCellValue(new Date());
hssfcell_1.setCellStyle(hssfcellstyle);
hssfrow.createCell((short)2).setCellValue(true);
hssfrow.createCell((short)3).setCellValue(122.00);
//输出 49.
FileOutputStream fileoutputstream=new FileOutputStream("d:\\exceltext.xls");
hssfworkbook.write(fileoutputstream);
fileoutputstream.close();
}
@SuppressWarnings("static-access")
public void writeXlsx(String filePath)throws IOException{
//工作簿
XSSFWorkbook hssfworkbook=new XSSFWorkbook();
//获得CreationHelper对象,这个应该是一个帮助类
XSSFCreationHelper helper=hssfworkbook.getCreationHelper();
//创建sheet页
XSSFSheet hssfsheet=hssfworkbook.createSheet();
//设置sheet名称
hssfworkbook.setSheetName(0,"我的测试sheet");
//取得第一行
XSSFRow firstRow=hssfsheet.createRow(0);
//创建第一个单元格
XSSFCell hssfcell_0=firstRow.createCell(0);
//hssfcell_0.setEncoding(HSSFWorkbook.ENCODING_UTF_16);并处理乱码
//对第一个单元格赋值
hssfcell_0.setCellValue("名称");
//创建第二个单元格
XSSFCell hssfcell_1=firstRow.createCell(1);
hssfcell_1.setCellValue("创建日期");
//日期单元格格式处理
XSSFCellStyle dateCellStyle=hssfworkbook.createCellStyle();
//m/d/yyh:mm 设置日期格式
dateCellStyle.setDataFormat(helper.createDataFormat().getFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss"));
dateCellStyle=ReadExcel.setFillBackgroundColors(dateCellStyle, IndexedColors.BLACK.getIndex(), IndexedColors.YELLOW.getIndex(), dateCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
//设置其他标题
firstRow.createCell(2).setCellValue("用户");
firstRow.createCell(3).setCellValue("备注");
//写入所有内容行
for (int rowInt = 1; rowInt < 10; rowInt++) {
XSSFRow row =hssfsheet.createRow(rowInt);
XSSFCell cell_0=row.createCell(0);
cell_0.setCellValue("刘伯恩");
XSSFCell cell_1=row.createCell(1);
cell_1.setCellValue(new Date());
cell_1.setCellStyle(dateCellStyle);
XSSFCell cell_2=row.createCell(2);
cell_2.setCellValue("超级会员");
XSSFCell cell_3=row.createCell(3);
cell_3.setCellValue("这里是备注信息");
}
//输出 49.
FileOutputStream fileoutputstream=new FileOutputStream("d:\\exceltext.xlsx");
hssfworkbook.write(fileoutputstream);
fileoutputstream.close();
}
/**
* 前景和背景填充的着色
* @param cellStyle
* @param bg IndexedColors.ORANGE.getIndex();
* @param fg IndexedColors.ORANGE.getIndex();
* @param fp CellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND
* @return
*/
public static XSSFCellStyle setFillBackgroundColors(XSSFCellStyle cellStyle,short bg,short fg,short fp){
cellStyle.setFillBackgroundColor(bg);
cellStyle.setFillForegroundColor(fg);
cellStyle.setFillPattern(fp);
return cellStyle;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
ReadExcel readExcel =new ReadExcel();
/* try {
readExcel.writeXlsx("");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}*/
readExcel.loadXls("");
}
}