+ (id)appearance
这个方法是统一全部改,比如你设置UINavBar的tintColor,你可以这样写:[[UINavigationBarappearance] setTintColor:myColor];
+ (id)appearanceWhenContainedIn:(Class<>)ContainerClass,...
这个方法可设置某个类的改变:例如:设置UIBarButtonItem在UINavigationBar、UIPopoverController、UITabbar中的效果。就可以这样写
[[UIBarButtonItemappearanceWhenContainedIn:[UINavigationBar class],[UIPopoverController class],[UITabbar class] nil]setTintColor:myPopoverNavBarColor];
请注意*使用appearance设置UI效果最好采用全局的设置,在所有界面初始化前开始设置,否则可能失效。
具体UI外观修改如下:
1.修改导航栏背景
代码如下:
UINavigationBar * appearance = [UINavigationBarappearance];
UIImage *navBackgroundImg =[UIImage imageNamed:@"navBg.png”];
[appearancesetBackgroundImage:navBackgroundImg forBarMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
2.标签栏(UITabbar)
代码如下:
UITabBar *appearance = [UITabBar appearance];
//设置背景图片
[appearancesetBackgroundImage:[UIImageimageNamed:@"tabbar_bg.png"]];
//门置选择item的背景图片
UIImage *selectionIndicatorImage =[[UIImage imageNamed:@"tabbar_slider"]resizableImageWithCapInsets:UIEdgeInsetsMake(4,0, 0,0)] ;
[appearancesetSelectionIndicatorImage:selectionIndicatorImage];
3.分段控件(UISegmentControl)
代码如下:
UISegmentedControl *appearance = [UISegmentedControlappearance];
//Segmenteg正常背景
[appearancesetBackgroundImage:[UIImageimageNamed:@"Segmente.png"]
forState:UIControlStateNormal
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
//Segmente选中背景
[appearancesetBackgroundImage:[UIImageimageNamed:@"Segmente_a.png"]
forState:UIControlStateSelected
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
//Segmente左右都未选中时的分割线
//BarMetrics表示navigationbar的状态,UIBarMetricsDefault表示portrait状态(44pixelheight),UIBarMetricsLandscapePhone表示landscape状态(32pixelheight)
[appearancesetDividerImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"Segmente_line.png"]
forLeftSegmentState:UIControlStateNormal
rightSegmentState:UIControlStateNormal
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
[appearancesetDividerImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"Segmente_line.png"]
forLeftSegmentState:UIControlStateSelected
rightSegmentState:UIControlStateNormal
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
[appearancesetDividerImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"Segmente_line.png"]
forLeftSegmentState:UIControlStateNormal
rightSegmentState:UIControlStateSelected
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
//字体
NSDictionary *textAttributes1 = @{UITextAttributeFont: [UIFont systemFontOfSize:18],
UITextAttributeTextColor:[UIColor blueColor],
UITextAttributeTextShadowColor:[UIColor whiteColor],
UITextAttributeTextShadowOffset:[NSValue valueWithCGSize:CGSizeMake(1, 1)]};
[appearancesetTitleTextAttributes:textAttributes1forState:1];
NSDictionary *textAttributes2 = @{UITextAttributeFont: [UIFont systemFontOfSize:18],
UITextAttributeTextColor:[UIColor whiteColor],
UITextAttributeTextShadowColor:[UIColor blackColor],
UITextAttributeTextShadowOffset:[NSValue valueWithCGSize:CGSizeMake(1, 1)]};
[appearancesetTitleTextAttributes:textAttributes2forState:0];
4.UIBarbutton
注意:UIBarbutton有leftBarButton,rightBarButton和backBarButton,其中backBarButton由于带有箭头,需要单独设置。
barButton背景设置是ios6.0及以后的,而backbutton是ios5.0及以后的,这里要注意!
代码如下:
//修改导航条上的UIBarButtonItem
UIBarButtonItem *appearance = [UIBarButtonItem appearanceWhenContainedIn:[UINavigationBarclass], nil];
//设置导航栏的字体包括backBarButton和leftBarButton,rightBarButton的字体
NSDictionary *textAttributes = @{UITextAttributeFont: [UIFont systemFontOfSize:18],
UITextAttributeTextColor:[UIColor blueColor],
UITextAttributeTextShadowColor:[UIColor whiteColor],
UITextAttributeTextShadowOffset:[NSValue valueWithCGSize:CGSizeMake(1, 1)]};
[appearancesetTitleTextAttributes:textAttributesforState:1];//forState为0时为下正常状态,为1时为点击状态。
//修改leftBarButton,rightBarButton背景效果
[appearancesetBackgroundImage:[UIImageimageNamed:@"navBarButton.png"]
forState:UIControlStateNormal
style:UIBarButtonItemStyleBordered
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
[appearancesetBackgroundImage:[UIImageimageNamed:@"navBarButton_a.png"]
forState:UIControlStateHighlighted
style:UIBarButtonItemStyleBordered
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
//backBarButton需要单独设置背景效果。只能在ios6.0以后才能用
[appearancesetBackButtonBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"nav_bg.png"]
forState:0
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
[appearancesetBackButtonBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"work.png"]
forState:1
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
[appearancesetBackButtonTitlePositionAdjustment:UIOffsetMake(2,-1)
forBarMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
5.工具栏(UIToolbar)
UIToolbar *appearance = [UIToolbar appearance];
//样式和背景二选一即可,看需求了
//样式(黑色半透明,不透明等)设置
[appearancesetBarStyle:UIBarStyleBlackTranslucent];
//背景设置
[appearancesetBackgroundImage:[UIImageimageNamed:@"toolbarBg.png"]
forToolbarPosition:UIToolbarPositionAny
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
做App时,我们经常需要自定义一些界面展现,来适合我们App的内容,或来使App看起来更漂亮,有时我们不得不写大量的自定义控件来达到这个目的。iOS5新增了UIAppearance协议,使得自定义风格简单方便了很多,通过UIAppearance协议,我们快速的修改系统内置的控件的外观,也可以自己定义一些可自定义外观的控件。
[[UINavigationBar appearance] setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"background"] forBarMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
[[UINavigationBar appearance] setTitleTextAttributes:@{UITextAttributeTextColor:[UIColor darkGrayColor],UITextAttributeTextShadowColor:[UIColor clearColor]}];
可自定义标题字体,颜色,阴影。
[[UIBarButtonItem appearanceWhenContainedIn:[UINavigationBar class], nil] setBackButtonBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"back_button_background"] forState:UIControlStateNormal barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
[[UIBarButtonItem appearanceWhenContainedIn:[UINavigationBar
class], nil] setBackgroundImage:[UIImage
imageNamed:@"button_background"] forState:UIControlStateNormal
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
[[UITabBar appearance] setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"background"]];
[[UITabBarItem appearance] setTitleTextAttributes:@{UITextAttributeTextColor:[UIColor grayColor]} forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[[UITabBarItem appearance] setTitleTextAttributes:@{UITextAttributeTextColor:[UIColor orangeColor]} forState:UIControlStateSelected];
这里列举的都是一些最常用的自定义方法,只要是头文件中有“UI_APPEARANCE_SELECTOR”标记的方法都是可以用UIAppearance协议对象去调的。注意这些自定义方法都要在相应的对象显示之前调用,可以放到App启动后立刻配置,以后只要这个对象显示之前,就会设置相应的属性。
对于我们自己定义的控件,也可以支持UIAppearance协议,这样我们的控件也能支持自定义了。你只需要写一个设置外观的settor,然后在settor方法后面加上“UI_APPEARANCE_SELECTOR”标记就可以,其他什么都不需要做。比如一个可以自定义选择状态背景颜色的TableViewCell。
@interface CustomCell : UITableViewCell
- (void)setSelectedBackgroundColor:(UIColor*)color UI_APPEARANCE_SELECTOR;
@end
@implementation CustomCell
- (id)initWithStyle:(UITableViewCellStyle)style reuseIdentifier:(NSString *)reuseIdentifier
{
self = [super initWithStyle:style reuseIdentifier:reuseIdentifier];
if (self) {
self.selectedBackgroundView = [UIView new];
self.selectedBackgroundView.backgroundColor = [UIColor lightGrayColor];
}
return self;
}
- (void)setSelectedBackgroundColor:(UIColor*)color{
self.selectedBackgroundView.backgroundColor = color;
}
@end
注意,官方文档中强调Appearance的setter定义格式应为:
- (void)setProperty:(PropertyType)property forAxis1:(IntegerType)axis1 axis2:(IntegerType)axis2 axisN:(IntegerType)axisN;
- (PropertyType)propertyForAxis1:(IntegerType)axis1 axis2:(IntegerType)axis2 axisN:(IntegerType)axisN;
在通过UIAppearance调用“UI_APPEARANCE_SELECTOR”标记的方法来配置外观时,UIAppearance实际上没有进行任何实际调用,而是把这个调用保存起来(在Objc中可以用NSInvocation对象来保存一个调用)。当实际的对象显示之前(添加到窗口上,drawRect:之前),就会对这个对象调用之前保存的调用。当这个setter调用后,你的界面风格自定义就完成了。