登录和密码迁移

当我把数据库加入到AlwaysOn可用性组后，Primary的登录和密码不能自动迁移到Secondary，如果使用sp_change_users_login直接在Secondary上排除孤立用户，则会报当前数据库只读，无法修改。下面将以服务器A(Primary)和B(Secondary)来说明MS官方的解决方案：

1. 在A上执行如下Scripts，在“master”数据库中创建两个存储过程，分别为“sp_hexadecimal”和“sp_help_revlogin”：
   

   USE master
   GO
   IF OBJECT_ID ('sp_hexadecimal') IS NOT NULL
     DROP PROCEDURE sp_hexadecimal
   GO
   CREATE PROCEDURE sp_hexadecimal
       @binvalue varbinary(256),
       @hexvalue varchar (514) OUTPUT
   AS
   DECLARE @charvalue varchar (514)
   DECLARE @i int
   DECLARE @length int
   DECLARE @hexstring char(16)
   SELECT @charvalue = '0x'
   SELECT @i = 1
   SELECT @length = DATALENGTH (@binvalue)
   SELECT @hexstring = '0123456789ABCDEF'
   WHILE (@i <= @length)
   BEGIN
     DECLARE @tempint int
     DECLARE @firstint int
     DECLARE @secondint int
     SELECT @tempint = CONVERT(int, SUBSTRING(@binvalue,@i,1))
     SELECT @firstint = FLOOR(@tempint/16)
     SELECT @secondint = @tempint - (@firstint*16)
     SELECT @charvalue = @charvalue +
       SUBSTRING(@hexstring, @firstint+1, 1) +
       SUBSTRING(@hexstring, @secondint+1, 1)
     SELECT @i = @i + 1
   END
   
   SELECT @hexvalue = @charvalue
   GO
    
   IF OBJECT_ID ('sp_help_revlogin') IS NOT NULL
     DROP PROCEDURE sp_help_revlogin
   GO
   CREATE PROCEDURE sp_help_revlogin @login_name sysname = NULL AS
   DECLARE @name sysname
   DECLARE @type varchar (1)
   DECLARE @hasaccess int
   DECLARE @denylogin int
   DECLARE @is_disabled int
   DECLARE @PWD_varbinary  varbinary (256)
   DECLARE @PWD_string  varchar (514)
   DECLARE @SID_varbinary varbinary (85)
   DECLARE @SID_string varchar (514)
   DECLARE @tmpstr  varchar (1024)
   DECLARE @is_policy_checked varchar (3)
   DECLARE @is_expiration_checked varchar (3)
   
   DECLARE @defaultdb sysname
    
   IF (@login_name IS NULL)
     DECLARE login_curs CURSOR FOR
   
         SELECT p.sid, p.name, p.type, p.is_disabled, p.default_database_name, l.hasaccess, l.denylogin FROM 
   sys.server_principals p LEFT JOIN sys.syslogins l
         ON ( l.name = p.name ) WHERE p.type IN ( 'S', 'G', 'U' ) AND p.name <> 'sa'
   ELSE
     DECLARE login_curs CURSOR FOR
   
   
         SELECT p.sid, p.name, p.type, p.is_disabled, p.default_database_name, l.hasaccess, l.denylogin FROM 
   sys.server_principals p LEFT JOIN sys.syslogins l
         ON ( l.name = p.name ) WHERE p.type IN ( 'S', 'G', 'U' ) AND p.name = @login_name
   OPEN login_curs
   
   FETCH NEXT FROM login_curs INTO @SID_varbinary, @name, @type, @is_disabled, @defaultdb, @hasaccess, @denylogin
   IF (@@fetch_status = -1)
   BEGIN
     PRINT 'No login(s) found.'
     CLOSE login_curs
     DEALLOCATE login_curs
     RETURN -1
   END
   SET @tmpstr = '/* sp_help_revlogin script '
   PRINT @tmpstr
   SET @tmpstr = '** Generated ' + CONVERT (varchar, GETDATE()) + ' on ' + @@SERVERNAME + ' */'
   PRINT @tmpstr
   PRINT ''
   WHILE (@@fetch_status <> -1)
   BEGIN
     IF (@@fetch_status <> -2)
     BEGIN
       PRINT ''
       SET @tmpstr = '-- Login: ' + @name
       PRINT @tmpstr
       IF (@type IN ( 'G', 'U'))
       BEGIN -- NT authenticated account/group
   
         SET @tmpstr = 'CREATE LOGIN ' + QUOTENAME( @name ) + ' FROM WINDOWS WITH DEFAULT_DATABASE = [' + @defaultdb + ']'
       END
       ELSE BEGIN -- SQL Server authentication
           -- obtain password and sid
               SET @PWD_varbinary = CAST( LOGINPROPERTY( @name, 'PasswordHash' ) AS varbinary (256) )
           EXEC sp_hexadecimal @PWD_varbinary, @PWD_string OUT
           EXEC sp_hexadecimal @SID_varbinary,@SID_string OUT
    
           -- obtain password policy state
           SELECT @is_policy_checked = CASE is_policy_checked WHEN 1 THEN 'ON' WHEN 0 THEN 'OFF' ELSE NULL END FROM sys.sql_logins WHERE name = @name
           SELECT @is_expiration_checked = CASE is_expiration_checked WHEN 1 THEN 'ON' WHEN 0 THEN 'OFF' ELSE NULL END FROM sys.sql_logins WHERE name = @name
    
               SET @tmpstr = 'CREATE LOGIN ' + QUOTENAME( @name ) + ' WITH PASSWORD = ' + @PWD_string + ' HASHED, SID = ' + @SID_string + ', DEFAULT_DATABASE = [' + @defaultdb + ']'
   
           IF ( @is_policy_checked IS NOT NULL )
           BEGIN
             SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + ', CHECK_POLICY = ' + @is_policy_checked
           END
           IF ( @is_expiration_checked IS NOT NULL )
           BEGIN
             SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + ', CHECK_EXPIRATION = ' + @is_expiration_checked
           END
       END
       IF (@denylogin = 1)
       BEGIN -- login is denied access
         SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + '; DENY CONNECT SQL TO ' + QUOTENAME( @name )
       END
       ELSE IF (@hasaccess = 0)
       BEGIN -- login exists but does not have access
         SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + '; REVOKE CONNECT SQL TO ' + QUOTENAME( @name )
       END
       IF (@is_disabled = 1)
       BEGIN -- login is disabled
         SET @tmpstr = @tmpstr + '; ALTER LOGIN ' + QUOTENAME( @name ) + ' DISABLE'
       END
       PRINT @tmpstr
     END
   
     FETCH NEXT FROM login_curs INTO @SID_varbinary, @name, @type, @is_disabled, @defaultdb, @hasaccess, @denylogin
      END
   CLOSE login_curs
   DEALLOCATE login_curs
   RETURN 0
   GO
   

2. 在A上执行如下脚本，执行后将会输出登录脚本，此登录脚本创建具有原始安全标识符 (SID) 和原始密码的登录：
   

   EXEC sp_help_revlogin

   
   
   
   
3. 在B服务器上执行第2步输出的脚本（选择你需要的登录执行）

MS官网参考：http://support.microsoft.com/kb/918992