安卓编程问题1

今天突发奇想做了一个安卓界面的实验。实验的大体思想如下。
1在mainActivity的layout中添加一个button1
2在secondActivity的onCreate中添加一个代码。

Button button =(Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
        button.setText("dddddddddd");

然后在启动主程序

实验结果如下：
主程序启动没有任何异常。但是在按钮调用secondActiviey的时候出现程序崩溃。
得到的错误代码如下

07-14 12:19:30.507    6882-6907/com.example.bleuesprit.test W/OpenGLRenderer﹕ Failed to set EGL_SWAP_BEHAVIOR on surface 0xb431bc40, error=EGL_SUCCESS

07-14 12:19:54.503    6882-6882/com.example.bleuesprit.test D/AndroidRuntime﹕ Shutting down VM
07-14 12:19:54.504    6882-6882/com.example.bleuesprit.test E/AndroidRuntime﹕ FATAL EXCEPTION: main
    Process: com.example.bleuesprit.test, PID: 6882
    java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.example.bleuesprit.test/com.example.bleuesprit.test.secondActivity}: java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'void android.widget.Button.setText(java.lang.CharSequence)' on a null object reference at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2325) at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2390) at android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:151) at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1303) at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102) at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:135) at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5257) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372) at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:903) at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:698) Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'void android.widget.Button.setText(java.lang.CharSequence)' on a null object reference at com.example.bleuesprit.test.secondActivity.onCreate(secondActivity.java:20) at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5990) at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1106) at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2278) at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2390) at android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:151) at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1303) at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102) at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:135) at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5257) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:372) at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:903) at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:698) 07-14 12:19:54.550    6882-6895/com.example.bleuesprit.test I/art﹕ WaitForGcToComplete blocked for 45.527ms for cause Background
07-14 12:19:54.807    6882-6890/com.example.bleuesprit.test W/art﹕ Suspending all threads took: 30.132ms
07-14 12:19:55.006    6882-6895/com.example.bleuesprit.test I/art﹕ Background partial concurrent mark sweep GC freed 881(96KB) AllocSpace objects, 0(0B) LOS objects, 50% free, 995KB/2019KB, paused 183.236ms total 450.860ms
07-14 12:19:55.046    6882-6895/com.example.bleuesprit.test W/art﹕ Suspending all threads took: 40.097ms

关键的信息就是一行

java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.example.bleuesprit.test/com.example.bleuesprit.test.secondActivity}: java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'void android.widget.Button.setText(java.lang.CharSequence)' on a null object reference

空指针异常。原因是button是个空指针。所以setText的时候出现错误。
原因：
我估计在secondActivity的时候。之前的layout已经释放资源，或者secondActivity并不能看得到。这样button是一个空指针。

正确做法。
1mainActivity调用startActivityForResult函数来调取secondActivity
。

Intent intent =new      Intent(MainActiveity.this,secondActivity.class);

startActivityForResult(intent, 1);

2secondActivity 调用setResult设置返回的intend，其中dddddd可以放在这个结果intend中。调用finish()结束

Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.putExtra("buttonText", "ddddddd");
setResult(RESULT_OK, intent);
finish();

3mainActivity重写onActivityResult来进行更改操作

protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case 1:
                if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
                    Button button =(Button)findViewById(R.id.button1);
                    String text=getIntent().getStringExtra("buttonText");
                    button.setText(text);
                }
                break;
            default:
        }
    }