ORACLE基本命令使用介绍

连接数据库
C:>SQLPLUS /NOLOG
 
SQL>CONN / AS SYSDBA
 
1.Oracle 关闭
SQL>SHUTDOWN (ABORT|IMMEDIATE|NORMAL)
 
2.Oracle 启动
SQL>STARTUP (REMOUNT|MOUNT|OPENT)
 
3.SQL> HELP SHOW
 
 SHOW
 ----
 
 Shows the value of a SQL*Plus system variable, or the
 current SQL*Plus environment.
 
 SHO[W] option
 
 where option represents one of the following terms or clauses:
     system_variable
     ALL
     BTI[TLE]
     ERR[ORS] [{FUNCTION | PROCEDURE | PACKAGE | PACKAGE BODY | TRIGGER
        | VIEW | TYPE | TYPE BODY | DIMENSION | JAVA CLASS} [schema.]name]
     LNO
     PARAMETERS [parameter_name]
     PNO
     REL[EASE]
     REPF[OOTER]
     REPH[EADER]
     SGA
     SPOO[L]
     SQLCODE
     TT[ITLE]
     USER
 
 SHOW SPOOL is not available in iSQL*Plus
 
4.TNSPING
TNS连接问题检测
TNSNAME.ORA
 
 
5.执行SQL Script
SQL>@C:/RUN.SQL
 
 
6.查看执行结果（开启/关闭）
SQL>SET ECHO ON(OFF)
 
7.常用配置
SQL>SET LINESIZE 1000
SQL>ECHO ON
SQL>SET TIMING ON
SQL>SPOOL C:/TEST.LOG
SQL>SELECT * FROM XXXXX
SQL>SPOOL OFF
 
8.授权
 建立连接 GRANT CREATE SESSION TO USERNAME
 移除连接 REVOKE CREATE SESSION TO USERNAME
其他授权
GRANT SELECT,INSERT,DELETE,UPDATE ON SCOTT.EMP TO USERNAME
确认更改
SQL>COMMIT
 
9.更改密码
Alter user username identified by password
 
10.察看Datafile
SQL>SELECT * FROM V$DATAFILE
 
11察看结构
SQL>DESC V$DATAFILE
 
12,察看DB File
SQL>SELECT * FROM V$DBFILE
 
13.察看Tablespace
SQL>SELECT * FROM V$TABLESPACE
 
14.察看SGA大小
SQL> SHOW PARAMETER SGA
 
15.更改 SGA大小，
SQL>ALTER SYSTEM SET SHARED_POOL_SIZE=..M
 
16.察看CONTROLFILE
SQL> SELECT * FROM V$CONTROLFILE
 
17察看REDO LOG
SQL> SELECT * FROM V$CONTROLFILE
 
18.察看所有的用户
SQL> SELECT USERNAME FROM DBA_USERS
 
19.在Offline状态下搬迁数据库文件
关闭数据库
SQL>SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE
搬迁数据文件
连接数据库
SQL>CONN / AS SYSDBA
SQL>STARTUP MOUNT
SQL>Alter database rename file ‘e:/.......’ to ‘c:/.......’
SQL>ALTER DATABASE OPEN
SQL>SHUTDOWN
删除旧的数据文件
 
20.更改ONLINE REDO LOG
SQL>ALTER SYSTEM SWITCH LOGFILE;