Python：Dom解析XML文件(读XML)

这一篇文章接着前一篇来接续讲解如何使用Dom方式操作XML数据，这一篇文章主要介绍如何解析（parse）XML文件，本文实例XML文件是上一篇的生成的文件，我们看看能不能完整的读出来，这个XML文件内容如下：

XML/HTML代码

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<book_store name="new hua" website="http://www.ourunix.org">
     <book>
        <name>Hamlet</name>
         <author>William Shakespeare</author>
        <price>$20</price>
         <grade>good</grade>
    </book>
     <book>
        <name>shuihu</name>
         <author>naian shi</author>
        <price>$200</price>
         <grade>good</grade>
    </book>
 </book_store>

主要方法

        1、加载读取XML文件

Python代码

 minidom.parse(filename)

        2、获取XML文档对象

Python代码

 doc.documentElement

        3、 获取XML节点属性值 

Python代码

 node.getAttribute(AttributeName)

        4、获取XML节点对象集合

Python代码

 node.getElementsByTagName(TagName)

        5、 获取XML节点值 

Python代码

 node.childNodes[index].nodeValue

代码演示

        同样先用一个简单版本来演示下如何使用Dom解析XML文件，代码如下：

Python代码

 '''''
Created on 2012-8-28

@author:  walfred
 @module: domxml.parseXMLSimple
@description:
 '''
import xml.dom.minidom as Dom
 import sys

 if __name__ == "__main__":
    try:
         xml_file = Dom.parse("./book_store.xml")
    except Exception, e:
         print e
        sys.exit()
     node_root = xml_file.documentElement
    name = node_root.getAttribute("name")
     website = node_root.getAttribute("website")
    print "name of book store: %s\nwebsite of book store: %s" %(name, website)

    node_book_list = node_root.getElementsByTagName("book")
     for book_node in node_book_list:
        book_name_node = book_node.getElementsByTagName("name")[0]
         book_name_value = book_name_node.childNodes[0].data

         book_author_node = book_node.getElementsByTagName("author")[0]
        book_author_value = book_author_node.childNodes[0].data

        book_price_node = book_node.getElementsByTagName("price")[0]
         book_price_value = book_price_node.childNodes[0].data

         book_grade_node = book_node.getElementsByTagName("grade")[0]
        book_grade_value = book_grade_node.childNodes[0].data

        print "book: %s\t author: %s\t price: %s\t grade: %s\t" %(book_name_value, book_author_value, book_price_value, book_grade_value)

        运行结果如下：

name of book store: new hua

website of book store: http://www.ourunix.org

book: Hamlet  author: William Shakespeare  price: $20  grade: good

book: shuihu  author: naian shi  price: $200  grade: good

        同样接着来一个所谓的高级版本：

XML/HTML代码

 '''
Created on 2012-8-28

@author:  walfred
 @module: domxml.XMLParser
@description:
 '''

 import xml.dom.minidom as Dom
import sys

class XMLParser:
     def __init__(self, xml_file_path):
        try:
             self.xml = Dom.parse(xml_file_path)
        except:
             sys.exit()
        self.book_list = list()

    def getNodeName(self, prev_node, node_name):
         return prev_node.getElementsByTagName(node_name)

     def getNodeAttr(self, node, att_name):
        return node.getAttribute(att_name)

    def getNodeValue(self, node):
         return node.childNodes[0].data.encode("utf-8")

     def parse(self):
        node_root = self.xml.documentElement
         print "store: %s, website: %s" %(self.getNodeAttr(node_root, "name"), \
                                     self.getNodeAttr(node_root, "website"))

        node_book_list = self.getNodeName(node_root, "book")

        for node_book in node_book_list:
             book_info = dict()
            node_book_name = self.getNodeName(node_book, "name")[0]
             book_name_value = self.getNodeValue(node_book_name)
            book_info["name"] = book_name_value

            node_book_author = self.getNodeName(node_book, "author")[0]
             book_author_value = self.getNodeValue(node_book_author)
            book_info["author"] = book_author_value

            node_book_price = self.getNodeName(node_book, "price")[0]
             book_price_value = self.getNodeValue(node_book_price)
            book_info["price"] = book_price_value

            node_book_grade = self.getNodeName(node_book, "grade")[0]
             book_garde_value = self.getNodeValue(node_book_grade)
            book_info["grade"] = book_garde_value

            self.book_list.append(book_info)

    def getBookList(self):
         return self.book_list

 if __name__ == "__main__":
    myXMLParser = XMLParser("book_store.xml")
     myXMLParser.parse()
    print myXMLParser.getBookList()

        完

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