<GridView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:id="@+id/gridView" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:columnWidth="120dp" android:numColumns="3" android:stretchMode="columnWidth" />
<!-- 我们设置列的宽度为120dp,并使用numColumns属性指示GridView创建尽可能多的列,以铺满整个屏幕。 如果在列的空间分配上出现少于120dp的剩余空间,则stretchMode属性会要求GridView在全部列间均分这部分剩余空间。 -->
package com.example.photogallery;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.StringReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserFactory;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.util.Log;
public class FlickrFetchr {
private static final String TAG = "FlickrFetchr";
private static final String ENDPOINT = "http://api.flickr.com/services/rest";
private static final String API_KEY = "yourApiKeyHere";
private static final String METHOD_GET_RECENT = "flickr.photos.getRecent";
private static final String PARAM_EXTRAS = "extras";
private static final String EXTRA_SMALL_URL = "url_s";
private static final String XML_PHOTO = "photo";
/** * HttpURLConnection对象虽然提供了一个连接,但只有在调用getInputStream()方法时(如果是POST请求, * 则调用getOutputStream()方法), 它才会真正连接到指定URL地址。在此之前我们无法获得有效的返回代码。 */
byte[] getUrlBytes(String urlSpec) throws IOException {
URL url = new URL(urlSpec);
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
try {
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
InputStream in = connection.getInputStream();
if (connection.getResponseCode() != HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
return null;
}
int bytesRead = 0;
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
while ((bytesRead = in.read(buffer)) > 0) {
out.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
}
out.close();
return out.toByteArray();
} finally {
connection.disconnect();
}
}
public String getUrl(String urlSpec) throws IOException {
return new String(getUrlBytes(urlSpec));
}
/** * 这里我们使用Uri.Builder构建完整的Filckr API请求URL。便利类Uri.Builder可创建正确转义的参数化URL。 * Uri.Builder.appendQueryParameter(String, String)可自动转义查询字符串。 */
public ArrayList<GalleryItem> fetchItems() {
ArrayList<GalleryItem> items = new ArrayList<GalleryItem>();
try {
String url = Uri.parse(ENDPOINT).buildUpon()
.appendQueryParameter("method", METHOD_GET_RECENT)
.appendQueryParameter("api_key", API_KEY)
.appendQueryParameter(PARAM_EXTRAS, EXTRA_SMALL_URL)
.build().toString();
String xmlString = getUrl(url);
Log.i(TAG, xmlString);
XmlPullParserFactory factory = XmlPullParserFactory.newInstance();
XmlPullParser parser = factory.newPullParser();
parser.setInput(new StringReader(xmlString));
parseItems(items, parser);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return items;
}
void parseItems(ArrayList<GalleryItem> items, XmlPullParser parser)
throws XmlPullParserException, IOException {
int eventType = parser.next();
while (eventType != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
if (eventType == XmlPullParser.START_TAG
&& XML_PHOTO.equals(parser.getName())) {
String id = parser.getAttributeValue(null, "id");
String caption = parser.getAttributeValue(null, "title");
String smallUrl = parser.getAttributeValue(null, EXTRA_SMALL_URL);
GalleryItem item = new GalleryItem();
item.setId(id);
item.setCaption(caption);
item.setUrl(smallUrl);
}
eventType = parser.next();
}
}
}
package com.example.photogallery;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.GridView;
public class PhotoGalleryFragment extends Fragment {
private static final String TAG = "PhotoGalleryFragment";
private GridView mGridView;
private ArrayList<GalleryItem> mItems;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setRetainInstance(true);
new FetchItemsTask().execute();
}
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_photo_gallery,
container, false);
mGridView = (GridView) view.findViewById(R.id.gridView);
setupAdapter();
return view;
}
/**
* 设置adpter之前,应检查getActivity()的返回结果是否为空。这是因为fragment可脱离activity而存在。
* 我们正在使用AsyncTask,我们必须自己负责触发相应的事件,而且也不能确定fragment是否与activity相关联。
* 因此需检查确认fragment是否与activity相关联。如果fragment脱离了activity,则依赖于activity的操作
* (如创建ArrayAdapter)就会失败。
*/
void setupAdapter() {
if (getActivity() == null || mGridView == null)
return;
if (mItems != null) {
mGridView.setAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<GalleryItem>(getActivity(),
android.R.layout.simple_gallery_item, mItems));
}else {
mGridView.setAdapter(null);
}
}
/**
* AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result>
* Params可指定输入参数的类型。输入参数传入execute(...)方法(可接受一个或多个参数)。然后,这些变量参数传给doInBackground(...)方法
* Progress指定发送进度更新需要的类型。在doInBackground(...)方法调用publishProgress(...)方法,系统会调用onProgressUpdate(...)方法,刷新进度
* Result指定doInBackground(...)方法返回的类型以及onPostExecute(...)方法参数接受的类型。
*
* AsyncTask.cancel(boolean)方法撤销运行中的AsyncTask,分为两种工作模式:粗暴的和温和的。
* 如调用温和的cancel(false)方法,该方法会设置isCancelled()状态为true。随后,AsyncTask会检查doInBackground(...)方法
* 中的isCancelled()状态,然后选择提前结束运行。
* 然而,如调用粗暴的cancel(true)方法,它会终止doInBackground(...)方法当前所在的线程。AsyncTask.cancel(true)方法停止AsyncTask
* 的方式简单粗暴,如有可能,应尽量避免此种方式。
*/
private class FetchItemsTask extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, ArrayList<GalleryItem>> {
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
super.onPreExecute();
}
@Override
protected ArrayList<GalleryItem> doInBackground(Void... params) {
return new FlickrFetchr().fetchItems();
}
@Override
protected void onProgressUpdate(Void... values) {
super.onProgressUpdate(values);
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(ArrayList<GalleryItem> result) {
mItems = result;
setupAdapter();
}
}
}
代码地址