前言
ZooKeeper是一个分步式的协作系统,何为协作,ZooKeeper价值又有何体现。通过这篇文章的分布式队列的案例,你将了解到ZooKeeper的强大。关于ZooKeeper的基本使用,请参考:ZooKeeper伪分步式集群安装及使用
目录
队列有很多种产品,大都是消息系统所实现的,像ActiveMQ,JBossMQ,RabbitMQ,IBM-MQ等。分步式队列产品并不太多,像Beanstalkd。
本文实现的分布式对列,是基于ZooKeeper现实的一种同步的分步式队列,当一个队列的成员都聚齐时,这个队列才可用,否则一直等待所有成员到达。
创建一个父目录 /queue,每个成员都监控(Watch)标志位目录/queue/start 是否存在,然后每个成员都加入这个队列,加入队列的方式就是创建 /queue/x(i)的临时目录节点,然后每个成员获取 /queue 目录的所有目录节点,也就是 x(i)。判断 i 的值是否已经是成员的个数,如果小于成员个数等待 /queue/start 的出现,如果已经相等就创建 /queue/start。
图标解释
注:
1). 单节点模拟实验
模拟app1,通过zk1,提交3个请求
public static void doOne() throws Exception {
String host1 = "192.168.1.201:2181";
ZooKeeper zk = connection(host1);
initQueue(zk);
joinQueue(zk, 1);
joinQueue(zk, 2);
joinQueue(zk, 3);
zk.close();
}
创建一个与服务器的连接
public static ZooKeeper connection(String host) throws IOException {
ZooKeeper zk = new ZooKeeper(host, 60000, new Watcher() {
// 监听/queue/start创建的事件
public void process(WatchedEvent event) {
if (event.getPath() != null && event.getPath().equals("/queue/start") && event.getType() == Event.EventType.NodeCreated) {
System.out.println("Queue has Completed.Finish testing!!!");
}
}
});
return zk;
}
出始化队列
public static void initQueue(ZooKeeper zk) throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
System.out.println("WATCH => /queue/start");
zk.exists("/queue/start", true);
if (zk.exists("/queue", false) == null) {
System.out.println("create /queue task-queue");
zk.create("/queue", "task-queue".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);
} else {
System.out.println("/queue is exist!");
}
}
增加队列节点
public static void joinQueue(ZooKeeper zk, int x) throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
System.out.println("create /queue/x" + x + " x" + x);
zk.create("/queue/x" + x, ("x" + x).getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL);
isCompleted(zk);
}
检查队列是否完整
public static void isCompleted(ZooKeeper zk) throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
int size = 3;
int length = zk.getChildren("/queue", true).size();
System.out.println("Queue Complete:" + length + "/" + size);
if (length >= size) {
System.out.println("create /queue/start start");
zk.create("/queue/start", "start".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL);
}
}
启动函数main
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
doOne();
}
运行结果:
WATCH => /queue/start
/queue is exist!
create /queue/x1 x1
Queue Complete:1/3
create /queue/x2 x2
Queue Complete:2/3
create /queue/x3 x3
Queue Complete:3/3
create /queue/start start
Queue has Completed.Finish testing!!!
完全符合我的们预期。接下来我们看分布式环境
2). 分布式模拟实验
模拟app1通过zk1提交x1,app2通过zk2提交x2,app3通过zk3提交x3
public static void doAction(int client) throws Exception {
String host1 = "192.168.1.201:2181";
String host2 = "192.168.1.201:2182";
String host3 = "192.168.1.201:2183";
ZooKeeper zk = null;
switch (client) {
case 1:
zk = connection(host1);
initQueue(zk);
joinQueue(zk, 1);
break;
case 2:
zk = connection(host2);
initQueue(zk);
joinQueue(zk, 2);
break;
case 3:
zk = connection(host3);
initQueue(zk);
joinQueue(zk, 3);
break;
}
}
注:
执行app1–>zk1
#日志输出
WATCH => /queue/start
/queue is exist!
create /queue/x1 x1
Queue Complete:1/3
#zookeeper控制台
[zk: 192.168.1.201:2181(CONNECTED) 4] ls /queue
[x10000000011]
执行app2–>zk2
#日志输出
WATCH => /queue/start
/queue is exist!
create /queue/x2 x2
Queue Complete:2/3
#zookeeper控制台
[zk: 192.168.1.201:2181(CONNECTED) 5] ls /queue
[x20000000012, x10000000011]
执行app3–>zk3
#日志输出
WATCH => /queue/start
/queue is exist!
create /queue/x3 x3
Queue Complete:3/3
create /queue/start start
Queue has Completed.Finish testing!!!
#zookeeper控制台
[zk: 192.168.1.201:2181(CONNECTED) 6] ls /queue
[x30000000016, x10000000014, start, x20000000015]
/queue/stats被建立,打印出“Queue has Completed.Finish testing!!!”,代表调用app4完成!
我们完成分布式队列的实验,由于时间仓促。文字说明及代码难免有一些问题,请发现问题的同学帮忙指正。
下面贴一下完整的代码:
package org.conan.zookeeper.demo;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;
import org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException;
import org.apache.zookeeper.WatchedEvent;
import org.apache.zookeeper.Watcher;
import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;
import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs.Ids;
public class QueueZooKeeper {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
if (args.length == 0) {
doOne();
} else {
doAction(Integer.parseInt(args[0]));
}
}
public static void doOne() throws Exception {
String host1 = "192.168.1.201:2181";
ZooKeeper zk = connection(host1);
initQueue(zk);
joinQueue(zk, 1);
joinQueue(zk, 2);
joinQueue(zk, 3);
zk.close();
}
public static void doAction(int client) throws Exception {
String host1 = "192.168.1.201:2181";
String host2 = "192.168.1.201:2182";
String host3 = "192.168.1.201:2183";
ZooKeeper zk = null;
switch (client) {
case 1:
zk = connection(host1);
initQueue(zk);
joinQueue(zk, 1);
break;
case 2:
zk = connection(host2);
initQueue(zk);
joinQueue(zk, 2);
break;
case 3:
zk = connection(host3);
initQueue(zk);
joinQueue(zk, 3);
break;
}
}
// 创建一个与服务器的连接
public static ZooKeeper connection(String host) throws IOException {
ZooKeeper zk = new ZooKeeper(host, 60000, new Watcher() {
// 监控所有被触发的事件
public void process(WatchedEvent event) {
if (event.getType() == Event.EventType.NodeCreated && event.getPath().equals("/queue/start")) {
System.out.println("Queue has Completed.Finish testing!!!");
}
}
});
return zk;
}
public static void initQueue(ZooKeeper zk) throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
System.out.println("WATCH => /queue/start");
zk.exists("/queue/start", true);
if (zk.exists("/queue", false) == null) {
System.out.println("create /queue task-queue");
zk.create("/queue", "task-queue".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);
} else {
System.out.println("/queue is exist!");
}
}
public static void joinQueue(ZooKeeper zk, int x) throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
System.out.println("create /queue/x" + x + " x" + x);
zk.create("/queue/x" + x, ("x" + x).getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL);
isCompleted(zk);
}
public static void isCompleted(ZooKeeper zk) throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
int size = 3;
int length = zk.getChildren("/queue", true).size();
System.out.println("Queue Complete:" + length + "/" + size);
if (length >= size) {
System.out.println("create /queue/start start");
zk.create("/queue/start", "start".getBytes(), Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL);
}
}
}