ORACLE 注册备份集信息方法(catalog backuppiece)

一.备份集放在带库上

>>>>>注册带库上的备份集需要注意，要分别配置到每个实例的SBT通道来注册

1.查看带库上的备份集信息

2.连接catalog库(如果使用了catalog库的话)

rman target sys/*****@test1  catalog rmannew/*****@test2

3.配置通道(只能通过配置自动通道来注册，手动分配通道注册会报错)

1)
configure CHANNEL device type 'SBT_TAPE' PARMS 'ENV=(NB_ORA_POLICY=backupfullbidb3,NB_ORA_SERV=nbumaster-1,NB_ORA_CLIENT=bidb1)';

>>>>>本地通道
2)
configure CHANNEL device type 'SBT_TAPE' connect 'sys/******@bidb2' PARMS 'ENV=(NB_ORA_POLICY=backupfullbidb4,NB_ORA_SERV=nbumaster-1,NB_ORA_CLIENT=bidb2)';

>>>>>指向其他实例的通过
由第二个实例上通道上产生的备份集需要用第二个实例上的通道来注册(因为带库上第二个实例上通道备份的数据，只有第二个实例上的通道才能读取)，所以我们需要把所有备份集在两个通道上都注册一遍(第二个实例产生的备份集在第一个实例的通道上注册会报错)
##配置时指定的参数NB_ORA_POLICY--备份策略，NB_ORA_SERV--nub服务器，NB_ORA_CLIENT--进行备份的客户端 需要根据备份脚本中一致(参考你的备份脚本指定)

3.开始注册

CATALOG DEVICE TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' BACKUPPIECE 'bk_77102_1_877401621'; 

成功输出如下：

RMAN> CATALOG DEVICE TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' BACKUPPIECE 'bk_77085_1_877386830';

released channel: ORA_SBT_TAPE_1
released channel: ORA_SBT_TAPE_2
released channel: ORA_SBT_TAPE_3
released channel: ORA_SBT_TAPE_4
allocated channel: ORA_SBT_TAPE_1
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: SID=1729 instance=bidb1 device type=SBT_TAPE
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: Veritas NetBackup for Oracle - Release 7.6 (2013111319)
allocated channel: ORA_SBT_TAPE_2
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: SID=1796 instance=bidb1 device type=SBT_TAPE
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: Veritas NetBackup for Oracle - Release 7.6 (2013111319)
allocated channel: ORA_SBT_TAPE_3
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_3: SID=1858 instance=bidb1 device type=SBT_TAPE
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_3: Veritas NetBackup for Oracle - Release 7.6 (2013111319)
allocated channel: ORA_SBT_TAPE_4
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_4: SID=1921 instance=bidb1 device type=SBT_TAPE
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_4: Veritas NetBackup for Oracle - Release 7.6 (2013111319)
cataloged backup piece
backup piece handle=bk_77085_1_877386830 RECID=77345 STAMP=878233446

4.查看新的备份片是否注册到catalog库中
list backup of database;

##在本地实例通道上注册其他实例通道上产生的备份集失败，配置连接到第二个实例上的通过再次注册后成功

在第一个实例上配置通道注册bk_77102_1_877401621备份集失败
RMAN> configure CHANNEL device type 'SBT_TAPE' PARMS 'ENV=(NB_ORA_POLICY=backupfullbidb3,NB_ORA_SERV=nbumaster-1,NB_ORA_CLIENT=bidb1)';
RMAN> CATALOG DEVICE TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' BACKUPPIECE 'bk_77102_1_877401621';

allocated channel: ORA_SBT_TAPE_1
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: SID=2081 instance=bidb1 device type=SBT_TAPE
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: Veritas NetBackup for Oracle - Release 7.6 (2013111319)
allocated channel: ORA_SBT_TAPE_2
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: SID=2241 instance=bidb1 device type=SBT_TAPE
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: Veritas NetBackup for Oracle - Release 7.6 (2013111319)
allocated channel: ORA_SBT_TAPE_3
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_3: SID=2785 instance=bidb1 device type=SBT_TAPE
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_3: Veritas NetBackup for Oracle - Release 7.6 (2013111319)
allocated channel: ORA_SBT_TAPE_4
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_4: SID=2817 instance=bidb1 device type=SBT_TAPE
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_4: Veritas NetBackup for Oracle - Release 7.6 (2013111319)
ORA-19870: error while restoring backup piece bk_77102_1_877401621
ORA-19507: failed to retrieve sequential file, handle="bk_77102_1_877401621", parms=""
ORA-27029: skgfrtrv: sbtrestore returned error
ORA-19511: Error received from media manager layer, error text:
   Failed to open backup file for restore.

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of catalog command at 04/29/2015 17:21:03
RMAN-06209: List of failed objects
RMAN-06211: ==========================
RMAN-06212:   Object Type   Filename/Handle
RMAN-06213: --------------- ---------------------------------------------------
RMAN-06214: Backup Piece    bk_77102_1_877401621

配置连接到第二个实例的通道，再次注册bk_77102_1_877401621备份片成功
RMAN> configure CHANNEL device type 'SBT_TAPE' connect 'sys/******@bidb2' PARMS 'ENV=(NB_ORA_POLICY=backupfullbidb4,NB_ORA_SERV=nbumaster-1,NB_ORA_CLIENT=bidb2)';

old RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' PARMS  'ENV=(NB_ORA_POLICY=backupfullbidb4,NB_ORA_SERV=nbumaster-1,NB_ORA_CLIENT=bidb2)';
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' CONNECT '*' PARMS  'ENV=(NB_ORA_POLICY=backupfullbidb4,NB_ORA_SERV=nbumaster-1,NB_ORA_CLIENT=bidb2)';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
released channel: ORA_SBT_TAPE_1
released channel: ORA_SBT_TAPE_2
released channel: ORA_SBT_TAPE_3
released channel: ORA_SBT_TAPE_4
starting full resync of recovery catalog
full resync complete

RMAN> CATALOG DEVICE TYPE 'SBT_TAPE' BACKUPPIECE 'bk_77102_1_877401621';

allocated channel: ORA_SBT_TAPE_1
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: SID=1924 instance=bidb2 device type=SBT_TAPE
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1: Veritas NetBackup for Oracle - Release 7.6 (2013111319)
allocated channel: ORA_SBT_TAPE_2
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: SID=2145 instance=bidb2 device type=SBT_TAPE
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2: Veritas NetBackup for Oracle - Release 7.6 (2013111319)
allocated channel: ORA_SBT_TAPE_3
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_3: SID=2337 instance=bidb2 device type=SBT_TAPE
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_3: Veritas NetBackup for Oracle - Release 7.6 (2013111319)
allocated channel: ORA_SBT_TAPE_4
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_4: SID=2435 instance=bidb2 device type=SBT_TAPE
channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_4: Veritas NetBackup for Oracle - Release 7.6 (2013111319)
cataloged backup piece
backup piece handle=bk_77102_1_877401621 RECID=77407 STAMP=878318781

RMAN> 

二.备份集放在每个实例的本地文件系统上

>>>>>如果备份集放在rac每个实例的本地磁盘上，我们需要分别在每个节点分别注册它们的备份集。(在第一个实例上分配到第二个实例的通道，注册第二个实例上的备份集也无法成功)

1) 在实例1上注册实例1上产生的备份集

rman target /

catalog backuppiect '';

2)在实例2上注册实例2上产生的备份集

catalog backuppiece '';

3)检查备份集是否注册成功

list backupset of databaes;

4)crosscheck 备份集

run

{

allocate channel c1 type disk connect 'sys/*****@testdb1';

allocate channel c2 type disk connect 'sys/*****@testdb2';

crosscheck backupset of database;

release channel c1;

release channel c2;

}

##注意如果你的备份集是通过多个实例上的通道产生，并且放在本地的，那么crosscheck时要分配到每个实例的通道，否则，如果你在第一个实例上crosscheck，会发现第二个实例上的backupset会被标记为expired状态

三.备份集放在共享文件系统上

>>>>>如果你的备份集是放在共享文件系统上，无论你是否使用多个实例上的通道进行备份，你都可以在任意一个实例上成功注册所有的备份集

1.通过如下备份脚本进行备份

run
{
allocate channel c1 type disk connect 'sys/******@test1';
allocate channel c2 type disk connect 'sys/******@test2';                                         
backup as backupset tablespace TBS_CHANNEL format '/data01/backup/egcmc/TBS_*****01_%d_%T_%s_%p';
release channel c1;
release channel c2;
}

##在两个实例上分配通道，进行备份，备份集放在蚊香文件系统上

2.mv 共享文件系统上的备份集到其他位置

3.crosscheck backupset of database;

 crosscheck backupset of database;

using channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1
using channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2
using channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_3
using channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_4
using channel ORA_DISK_1
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/data01/backup/TBS_CHANNEL01_*****_20150612_34307_1 RECID=33774 STAMP=882197130
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/data01/backup/TBS_CHANNEL01_*****_20150612_34308_1 RECID=33775 STAMP=882197156
Crosschecked 2 objects

##此时两个备份集都显示为expired状态

4.delete noprompt expired backupset;

delete noprompt expired backupset;

using channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_1
using channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_2
using channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_3
using channel ORA_SBT_TAPE_4
using channel ORA_DISK_1

List of Backup Pieces
BP Key  BS Key  Pc# Cp# Status      Device Type Piece Name
------- ------- --- --- ----------- ----------- ----------
33774   33771   1   1   EXPIRED     DISK        /data01/backup/TBS_CHANNEL01_****_20150612_34307_1
33775   33772   1   1   EXPIRED     DISK        /data01/backup/TBS_CHANNEL01_****_20150612_34308_1
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/data01/backup/TBS_CHANNEL01_****_20150612_34307_1 RECID=33774 STAMP=882197130
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/data01/backup/TBS_CHANNEL01_****_20150612_34308_1 RECID=33775 STAMP=882197156
Deleted 2 EXPIRED objects


RMAN> list backupset of database;

specification does not match any backup in the repository

##删除控制文件中状态为EXPIRED的备份集

5.重新注册备份集信息到控制文件(任意一个节点上尝试都能成功注册)
>>>>>可以在任意一个节点上执行catalog命令

RMAN> catalog backuppiece '/data01/backup/egcmc/TBS_CHANNEL01_****_20150612_34307_1';

cataloged backup piece
backup piece handle=/data01/backup/egcmc/TBS_CHANNEL01_****_20150612_34307_1 RECID=33776 STAMP=882197384

RMAN> catalog backuppiece '/data01/backup/egcmc/TBS_CHANNEL01_****_20150612_34308_1';

cataloged backup piece
backup piece handle=/data01/backup/egcmc/TBS_CHANNEL01_****_20150612_34308_1 RECID=33777 STAMP=882197402


6.list backupset of database;

RMAN> list backupset of database;


List of Backup Sets
===================


BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
33773   Full    57.25G     DISK        00:00:00     12-JUN-15      
        BP Key: 33776   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20150612T111336
        Piece Name: /data01/backup/egcmc/TBS_CHANNEL01_****_20150612_34307_1
  List of Datafiles in backup set 33773
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
  5       Full 293096434951 12-JUN-15 /data01/egcmcdb/datafile/tbs_channel01.dbf
  6       Full 293096434951 12-JUN-15 /data01/egcmcdb/datafile/tbs_channel02.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
33774   Full    29.47G     DISK        00:00:00     12-JUN-15      
        BP Key: 33777   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20150612T111336
        Piece Name: /data01/backup/egcmc/TBS_CHANNEL01_****_20150612_34308_1
  List of Datafiles in backup set 33774
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
  7       Full 293096434954 12-JUN-15 /data01/egcmcdb/datafile/tbs_channel03.dbf

##注册成功