TOEFL(20151128)分析
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R1：猛犸象
全文逻辑
全文讲述了人类杀死猛犸象的假说，并通过计算机仿真以及鸟类的类比尝试解释人类杀害了猛犸象。但是没有直接的证据去验证人类杀害猛犸象这一假说是否成立。
词汇
Mammoth n. 猛犸象
Spear n. 长矛
Simulation n. 模拟
Archeology n. 考古学
Extinct v. 灭绝
R2：真菌类
全文逻辑
真菌在不断减少，不管是密度上还是真菌的种类上，真菌可以帮助树木生长，此外真菌还可以用来检测土地是否有毒，环境是否污染。在美国，真菌本来就不多，虽然相关真菌的记录很少，但是不能说明真菌在美国没有减少。
词汇
Fungi n. 真菌
Aerial adj. 空中的
Leak v. 泄露
Detect v. 察觉
Lichen n. 地衣
R3：社会学
全文逻辑
中心社区，中心社区的人口密度高，具有高生产值等特点，人们需要交费生活。不同集群的人们的擅长的手工艺不一样，并通过建筑围墙等等将不同的人群进行相应的聚居点的划分。
词汇
Craft n. 手工艺
Compound n. 场地
Entrance n. 入口
Latitude n. 海拔
Inhabitant n. 居民
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C1：学生实习
全文逻辑
学生说当老师很不容易。学生问老师怎么放一名好老师。老师邀请学生去做听一门课。
词汇
Portfolio n. 组合
Reflection n. 反应
L1 ：动物领头者
全文逻辑
讲述了成员不固定，领头的不固定的动物。决定的领头的因素，比如食物，越饿的动物选择最有经验，越有经验的动物会成为头头，最后还有就是选择胆大的动物作为领头的。
词汇
Immobilization n. 固定化
Hungry adj. 饿的
Zebra n. 斑马
Abundant adj. 丰富的
Shoal of fish n. 鱼群
Bold adj. 胆大的
L2：西格尔雕塑
全文逻辑
西格尔雕塑，西格尔雕塑和传统的雕塑不一样，它采用的是塑料来包括了整个身体，面无表情，强调用肢体来表达。另外就是放在真是的坏境中作为真是的物体。这种雕塑在博物馆中绝对不是用来远观的，而是用来亵玩的，换句话说，这种雕塑注重和观众的互动性。另外，这种雕塑还会用颜色进行突出对比。
词汇
Sculpture n. 雕塑
Segal n. 西格尔雕塑
Plastic n. 雕塑
Violation n. 违背
Slaughter v. 屠宰
Conflict v. 冲突
C2 ：实习
全文逻辑
女生申请职位。管理人员说他们更加喜欢有经验的，女生举例宿舍处理矛盾，说明自己很有经验。最后女生很开心貌似很有机会。
词汇
Lobby n. 大堂
Contradicton n. 矛盾
L3：历史学
全文逻辑
一种用于历史研究饿原始资料。记录了许多的关于科技方面的内容，但是因为语言看不懂而破译不了，甚至有人认为这古董商骗人。而且无法对墨水进行年代的检测，因为墨水是无机物。后来发现古董上有一个人，这个人喜欢到处转转，验证了这幅古董的时间是近期的。
词汇
Antique n. 古董
Hoax n. 骗局
Fake adj. 假的
Signature n. 签名
Manuscript n. 手稿
L4: 天文学
全文逻辑
水星的内核是固态的而非液态的，后来科学家发送消息到水星上，返回来的信息由震动，证明水星的金属内核。为了探索为什么有震动，科学家就发现硫磺，但是硫磺属于轻物质，不应该出现在距离太阳那么近的地方。
词汇
Metal adj. 金属的
Sulfur n. 硫磺
Vibration n. 震动
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S1：建议类
问题
Your friend is going to a new school to study, what suggestion would you give him to help him blend in.
回答
Well, personally, I would suggest him to learn more about the school. One important reason is that he will never miss her way at school. Take myself for an example, Last year, I was transferred to another school, I would like to get some information on the website of the school, where everything is and what kind of restaurants are available for me, this will help me to get familiar with the new school, and all of that result in the fact that I would never lost myself in new school. So that is why I think I would like suggest him learn more about the school.
S2：学习类
问题
Do you think scientists should be required to study certain fields or to study whatever that interests them?
回答
Well, personally, I think scientists should be given the right to study whatever that interests them. One important reason is that it would make scientists much creative. Take myself for an example, I work as a research assistant for professor Li in SDU, I am really interest in Internet. I was given the right to read anything I like. And thinks to that, I feel excited everyday and work really hard to read the Network related books. And in my final exam, I got an excellent academic performance in the Network field. So that is why I think scientists should be given the right to work anything they like.
S3：暑期社会实践类
问题
学校计划减少暑期学校时间，减少暑期学校房间。学生认为是好主意。其一是很多学生并不想要去参加那个暑期里面的学校的相关的课程。其二是，节省了很多的金钱。
回答
The university announces that it is going to shorten the summer course and reduce the housing fee for students. The man agree with this. One important reason is that a lot of students did not want to attend the course, they prefer to go a trip with their family as well as friends. Another important reason is that this plan would save a lot of money for school.
S4：生物类
问题
垂直迁移。动物在向上或者向下迁移。
回答
The professor talks about an academic term named vertical migration. It means that marine animals would move up or move down in the ocean in order to prevent from predators. In the example, a kind of fish, during the day time, it would like to move down to bottom of the ocean, and feed on some food. While during the night, it would move up to the surface of the ocean and prevent from its predators.
S5：音乐类
问题
男生将吉他丢在家里不能训练了。回家拿吉他后者找舍友借吉他。
回答
The man has a problem that he left his guitar at home and could not be able to practice for concert. There are two possible solutions, go back home or borrow it from his roommate. Personally, I think he should borrow guitar from his roommate. One important reason is that he would have enough time to practice for concert. Another important reason is that it is too far for him to go back home.
S6：商品类
问题
影响商品价格的两种因素。其一是运输费用，其二是广告费用。
回答
The professor talks about two kinds of factors that can affect the price of an production. The first one is delivery fee. In the example, a car company has to deliver the car to a far location, and then the price of the car mush go up. Another one is advertising fee. In the example, the company has to advertise for the products, and then the price of the products must go up.
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W1：生物类
问题
龙鱼死亡的原因。其一是吃了有毒的鱼。其二是搁浅。其三是被动物猎杀。听力反对，其一是不可能死掉有些骨头。其二是不会搁浅。其三是龙鱼并排排列，不可能是被杀死。
词汇
Ichthyosaur n. 龙鱼
Lich n. 尸体
Corpse n. 尸体
Strand v. 搁浅
Array v. 排列
Seafloor n. 海底
Toxic adj. 有毒的
Hunt v. 猎杀
W2：政府类
问题
Do you agree or disagree that with the following statement? It is more important for the government to spend money to build art museums and music performance centers than to build recreational facilities.
词汇
Recreational adj. 娱乐的
Budget v. 预算
Stadium n. 体育场
Conservatory n. 音乐学校
Irreplaceable adj. 不可替代的