【LeetCode从零单刷】Find Peak Element

题目:

A peak element is an element that is greater than its neighbors.

Given an input array where num[i] ≠ num[i+1], find a peak element and return its index.

The array may contain multiple peaks, in that case return the index to any one of the peaks is fine.

You may imagine that num[-1] = num[n] = -∞.

For example, in array [1, 2, 3, 1], 3 is a peak element and your function should return the index number 2.

Note:

Your solution should be in logarithmic complexity.

解答:

难度在于时间复杂度,需要是对数时间。又是搜索题,很自然会想到二分搜索。

我们来看中间位置发生的情况:

  1. 如果是1……2,3,2……9,那么很自然可以返回3所在的位置作为一个峰值点;
  2. 如果是1……2,3,4……9,那么可以肯定峰值点出现在后半部分:3,4……9中;
  3. 如果是1……4,3,2……9,那么可以肯定峰值点出现在前半部分:1……4,3中;
  4. 如果仅剩两个数,峰值点在更大的数的位置;如果仅剩一个数,就返回其位置
class Solution {
public:
    int findPeakElement(vector<int>& nums) {
        int range = nums.size() - 1;
        
        if((range/2 - 1 >= 0) && (range/2 + 1 <= range))
        {
            if((nums[range/2] > nums[range/2 - 1]) && (nums[range/2] > nums[range/2 + 1]))
            {
                return (range/2);
            }
            else if(nums[range/2] < nums[range/2 - 1])
            {
                vector<int> tmp(nums.begin(), nums.begin() + range/2);
                return findPeakElement(tmp);
            }
            else if(nums[range/2] < nums[range/2 + 1])
            {
                vector<int> tmp(nums.begin() + range/2, nums.end());
                return (range/2 + findPeakElement(tmp));    // 注意基础位置的偏移量
            }
        }
        else
        {
            if(range == 0)  return 0;
            if(range == 1)
            {
                if(nums[0] > nums[1])   return 0;
                else                    return 1;
            }
        }
    }
};

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