mysql-5.5.28 安装过程

 安装mysql-5.5.28.

我的mysql目录配置如下：
安装路径：/usr/local/mysql
数据库路径：/data/mysql
源码包存放位置：/usr/software

准备工作：安装基本依赖包，先用yum安装cmake、automake、autoconf，另MySQL 5.5.x需要最少安装的包有：bison,gcc、gcc-c++、ncurses-devel
[root@localhost ~]# yum install cmake make -y
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers

[root@localhost ~]# cp /root/mysql-5.5.28.tar.gz /usr/software/
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/software
开始编译安装
[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.28.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cd mysql-5.5.28
[root@localhost ~]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
        -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/data/mysql/mysql.sock \
        -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
        -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
        -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=utf8,gbk \
        -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
        -DWITH_READLINE=1 \
        -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
        -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/ \
        -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306

[root@localhost ~]# make && make install

不OK就执行以下两行命令（否则跳过这一步）
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql  #添加mysql用户组
[root@localhost ~]# useradd mysql -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin  # 添加mysql用户

以下带红色字体的命令非常重要，必须要执行
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# chown mysql.mysql -R .  #将mysql目录赋予mysql用户的执行权限

[root@localhost ~]# chown mysql.mysql -R /data/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf   #mysql配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 755 scripts/mysql_install_db      //赋予mysql_install_db执行权限
以下命令为mysql 启动及自启动配置
[root@localhost ~]# scripts/mysql_install_db  --user=mysql  --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/   
[root@localhost ~]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
查看mysqld服务是否设置为开机启动
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --list|grep mysqld
设置为开机启动
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig mysqld on

vi /etc/init.d/mysqld
datadir=/usr/local/mysql
basedir=/data/mysql

启动mysql数据库，会输出一系列有用的信息，告诉你接下去如何初始化mysql
[root@centos mysql]# service mysqld start
初始化 MySQL 数据库：
Installing MySQL system tables...OKFilling help tables...OKTo start mysqld at boot time you have to copysupport-files/mysql.server to the right place for your systemPLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h centos.huoba password 'new-password'Alternatively you can run:/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installationwhich will also give you the option of removing the testdatabases and anonymous user created by default.  This isstrongly recommended for production servers.See the manual for more instructions.You can start the MySQL daemon with:cd /usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe &You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.plcd /usr/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.plPlease report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!
按照上述英文，我们来初始化管理员root的密码
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password "redhat";

众所周知，mysql有两种帐号类型，即localhost和%，前者限本机连接mysql，后者可用于其它机器远程连接mysql
最后，处理帐号登录问题，让root帐号密码可以本地和远程连接使用
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p     #敲入该命令后，屏幕会提示输入密码，输入上一步设置的root@centos    删除root密码为空的记录   
mysql> use mysql;   
mysql> delete from user where password='';   
mysql> flush privileges;
 配置mysql允许root远程登录 #登录
 mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by "root@centos";
 mysql> flush privileges;
 mysql> select User,Password,Host from user;
 上述命令如果执行成功，结果应该如下图：

  //添加路径问题

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/

#vi ~/.bash_profile

PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin

 mysql> quit
 
至此，mysql安装已经全部结束