MySQL从5.1开始支持Event功能,有点类似于MsSQL的Job,可以定时自动执行数据汇总。
【语法】
CREATE EVENT [IF NOT EXISTS] event_name ON SCHEDULE schedule [ON COMPLETION [NOT] PRESERVE] [ENABLE | DISABLE] [COMMENT 'comment'] DO sql_statement; schedule: AT timestamp [+ INTERVAL interval] | EVERY interval [STARTS timestamp] [ENDS timestamp] interval: quantity {YEAR | QUARTER | MONTH | DAY | HOUR | MINUTE | WEEK | SECOND | YEAR_MONTH | DAY_HOUR | DAY_MINUTE | DAY_SECOND | HOUR_MINUTE | HOUR_SECOND | MINUTE_SECOND}
其中,
event_name:定时器名,最大长度64个字符,若未指定,则默认为当前的MySQL用户名(不区分大小写);
schedule:限定执行时间;
ON COMPLETION [NOT] PRESERVE:表示是否需要循环复用这个Event;
sql_statement:要执行的SQL语句(也可以使用存储过程代替传统的SQL语句);
comment:对该时间调度器的一个注释,最大长度64个字符;
【关闭事件】
ALTER EVENT event_name ON COMPLETION PRESERVE DISABLE;【开启事件】
ALTER EVENT event_name ON COMPLETION PRESERVE ENABLE;
【删除事件】
DROP EVENT [IF EXISTS] event_name
【注意】:要使用定时器,MySQL的常量GLOBAL event_scheduler必须为on或者是1.
【范例】
1. 每天凌晨1点开始执行数据更新:
CREATE EVENT [IF NOT EXISTS] E_testEvent_1 ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 DAY STARTS DATE_ADD(DATE_ADD(CURDATE(), INTERVAL 1 DAY), INTERVAL 1 HOUR) ON COMPLETION PRESERVE ENABLE DO UPDATE _T_test SET col= 2 where ValidityDate < now();
2. 每月第一天凌晨1点开始执行数据更新(使用存储过程):
CREATE EVENT E_testEvent_2 ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 MONTH STARTS DATE_ADD(DATE_ADD(DATE_SUB(CURDATE(),INTERVAL DAY(CURDATE())-1 DAY), INTERVAL 1 MONTH),INTERVAL 1 HOUR) ON COMPLETION PRESERVE ENABLE DO BEGIN CALL P_testProcedureName(); END
3. 每季度第一天凌晨1点开始执行数据更新:
CREATE EVENT E_testEvent_3 ON SCHEDULE EVERY 1 QUARTER STARTS DATE_ADD(DATE_ADD(DATE( CONCAT(YEAR(CURDATE()),'-',ELT(QUARTER(CURDATE()),1,4,7,10),'-',1)),INTERVAL 1 QUARTER),INTERVAL 2 HOUR) ON COMPLETION PRESERVE ENABLE DO UPDATE _T_test SET col= 2 where ValidityDate < now();
【一些Event相关语句】:
1. 查看是否开启定时器
SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%sche%';
2. 开启定时器 0:off 1:on
SET GLOBAL event_scheduler = 1;