Oracle UTL_RAW

General Information
Source	{ORACLE_HOME}/rdbms/admin/utlraw.sql
First Available	7.3.4
Constants	Name Data Type Value big_endian PLS_INTEGER 1 little_endian PLS_INTEGER 2 machine_endian PLS_INTEGER 3
Dependencies	179 objects SELECT name FROM dba_dependencies WHERE referenced_name = 'UTL_RAW' UNION SELECT referenced_name FROM dba_dependencies WHERE name = 'UTL_RAW';
Exceptions	Error # Name Description VALUE_ERROR ORA-6502 An arithmetic, conversion, truncation, or size-constraint error. Usually raised by trying to cram a 6 character string into a VARCHAR2(5).
Required Object Privileges	GRANT execute on UTL_RAW
	GRANT execute ON utl_raw TO UWCLASS;
BIT_AND
Perform bitwise logical "and" of the values in raw r1 with raw r2 and return the "anded" result raw	utl_raw.bit_and(r1 IN RAW, r2 IN RAW) RETURN RAW;
	SELECT utl_raw.bit_and('0102F3', 'F30201') FROM dual;
BIT_COMPLEMENT
Perform bitwise logical "complement" of the values in raw and return the "complement'ed" result raw	utl_raw.bit_complement(r IN RAW) RETURN RAW;
	SELECT utl_raw.bit_complement('0102F3') FROM dual;
BIT_OR
Perform bitwise logical "or" of the values in raw r1 with raw r2 and return the "or'd" result raw	utl_raw.bit_or(r1 IN RAW, r2 IN RAW) RETURN RAW;
	SELECT utl_raw.bit_or('0102F3', 'F30201') FROM dual;
BIT_XOR
Perform bitwise logical "exclusive or" of the values in raw r1 with raw r2 and return the "xor'd" result raw	utl_raw.bit_xor(r1 IN RAW, r2 IN RAW) RETURN RAW;
	SELECT utl_raw.bit_xor('0102F3', 'F30201') FROM dual;
CAST_FROM_BINARY_DOUBLE
Return the RAW representation of a binary_double value	utl_raw.cast_from_binary_double(n IN BINARY_DOUBLE, endianess IN PLS_INTEGER DEFAULT 1) RETURN RAW;
	SELECT utl_raw.cast_from_binary_double(123.45) FROM dual;
CAST_FROM_BINARY_FLOAT
Return the RAW representation of a binary_float value	utl_raw.cast_from_binary_float(n IN BINARY_FLOAT, endianess IN PLS_INTEGER DEFAULT 1) RETURN RAW;
	SELECT utl_raw.cast_from_binary_float(123.45) FROM dual;
CAST_FROM_BINARY_INTEGER
Return the RAW representation of a binary_integer value	utl_raw.cast_from_binary_integer( n         IN BINARY_INTEGER, endianess IN PLS_INTEGER DEFAULT 1) RETURN RAW;
	SELECT utl_raw.cast_from_binary_integer(100) FROM dual;
CAST_FROM_NUMBER
Returns the binary representation of a NUMBER in RAW	utl_raw.cast_from_number(n IN NUMBER) RETURN RAW;
	SELECT utl_raw.cast_from_number(100) FROM dual;
CAST_TO_BINARY_DOUBLE
Perform a casting of the binary representation of the raw into a binary_double.	cast_to_binary_double( r         IN RAW, endianess IN PLS_INTEGER DEFAULT 1) RETURN BINARY_DOUBLE;
	SELECT utl_raw.cast_to_binary_double('405EDCCCCCCCCCCD') FROM dual;
CAST_TO_BINARY_FLOAT
Perform a casting of the binary representation of the raw into a binary_float	utl_raw.cast_to_binary_float( n         IN BINARY_FLOAT, endianess IN PLS_INTEGER DEFAULT 1) RETURN RAW;
	SELECT utl_raw.cast_to_binary_float('42F6E666') FROM dual;
CAST_TO_BINARY_INTEGER
Perform a casting of the binary representation of the raw into a binary integer	utl_raw.cast_to_binary_integer( r         IN RAW, endianess IN PLS_INTEGER DEFAULT 1) RETURN BINARY_INTEGER;
	SELECT utl_raw.cast_to_binary_integer('00000064') FROM dual;
CAST_TO_NUMBER
Perform a casting of the binary representation of the number (in RAW) into a NUMBER	utl_raw.cast_to_number(r IN RAW) RETURN NUMBER;
	SELECT utl_raw.cast_to_number('C202') FROM dual;
CAST_TO_NVARCHAR2
Converts a RAW represented using n data bytes into NVARCHAR2 with n data bytes	utl_raw.cast_to_nvarchar2(r IN RAW) RETURN NVARCHAR2;
	set serveroutput on BEGIN FOR i IN 100..200 LOOP     dbms_output.put_line(     utl_raw.cast_to_nvarchar2(TO_CHAR(i))); END LOOP; END; /
CAST_TO_RAW
Converts a VARCHAR2 represented using n data bytes into a RAW with n data bytes	utl_raw.cast_to_raw(r IN RAW) RETURN RAW;
	SELECT utl_raw.cast_to_raw('ABC') FROM dual;
CAST_TO_VARCHAR2
To extract a substring from a BLOB using a PL/SQL program use dbms_lob.substr(). The problem is that it returns a string in hexadecimal characters. CAST_TO_VARCHAR2 turns the hexadecimal string into readable ascii format.	utl_raw.cast_to_nvarchar2(r IN RAW) RETURN VARCHAR2;
	set serveroutput on BEGIN FOR i IN 100..200 LOOP     dbms_output.put_line(utl_raw.cast_to_varchar2(TO_CHAR(i))); END LOOP; END; /
COMPARE
Compares raw r1 against raw r2. Returns 0 if r1 and r2 are identical, otherwise, returns the position of the first byte from r1 that does not match r2	utl_raw.compare(r1 IN RAW, r2 IN RAW, pad IN RAW DEFAULT NULL) RETURN NUMBER;
	SELECT utl_raw.compare(utl_raw.cast_to_raw('ABC'), utl_raw.cast_to_raw('ACC')) FROM dual;
CONCAT
Concatenate a set of 12 raws into a single raw (up to 32K)	utl_raw.concat(r1 IN RAW DEFAULT NULL, r2 IN RAW DEFAULT NULL, r3 IN RAW DEFAULT NULL, r4 IN RAW DEFAULT NULL, r5 IN RAW DEFAULT NULL, r6 IN RAW DEFAULT NULL, r7 IN RAW DEFAULT NULL, r8 IN RAW DEFAULT NULL, r9 IN RAW DEFAULT NULL, r10 IN RAW DEFAULT NULL, r11 IN RAW DEFAULT NULL, r12 IN RAW DEFAULT NULL) RETURN RAW;
	SELECT utl_raw.concat('A','41','B','42') FROM dual;
CONVERT
Convert raw from one character to a different character set and return the resulting raw	utl_raw.convert( r            IN RAW, to_charset   IN VARCHAR2, from_charset IN VARCHAR2) RETURN RAW;
	DECLARE fr_charset CONSTANT VARCHAR2(30) := SUBSTR(SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'LANGUAGE'), INSTR(SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'LANGUAGE'),'.')+1); to_charset VARCHAR2(30) := 'TR8EBCDIC1026S'; rawvar     RAW(100); BEGIN dbms_output.put_line(fr_charset); dbms_output.put_line(to_charset); rawvar := utl_raw.convert(UTL_RAW.CAST_TO_RAW('Morgan'), 'AMERICAN_AMERICA.'||to_charset, 'AMERICAN_AMERICA.'||fr_charset); dbms_output.put_line(rawvar); END; /
COPIES
Return n copies of r concatenated together	utl_raw.copies(r IN RAW, n IN NUMBER) RETURN RAW;
	SELECT utl_raw.copies('A', 6) FROM dual;
LENGTH
Return the length in bytes of a raw	utl_raw.length(r IN RAW) RETURN NUMBER;
	SELECT utl_raw.length('ABC') FROM dual;
OVERLAY
Overlay the specified portion of target raw with overlay raw, starting from byte position pos of target and proceeding for len bytes	utl_raw.overlay(overlay_str IN RAW, target IN RAW, pos IN BINARY_INTEGER DEFAULT 1, len IN BINARY_INTEGER DEFAULT NULL, pad IN RAW DEFAULT NULL) RETURN RAW;
	SELECT utl_raw.overlay('1', 'AAABBBCCC', 4) FROM dual;
REVERSE
Reverse a byte sequence in raw r from end to end	utl_raw.reverse(r IN RAW) RETURN RAW;
	SELECT utl_raw.reverse('123') FROM dual;
SUBSTR
Return a substring portion of raw r beginning at pos for len bytes	utl_raw.substr(r IN RAW, pos IN BINARY_INTEGER, len IN BINARY_INTEGER DEFAULT NULL) RETURN RAW;
	set serveroutput on DECLARE tmp VARCHAR2(250) := ''; vraw RAW(200) := utl_raw.cast_to_raw('ABCDEABCDEABCDE'); BEGIN FOR i IN 1 .. 15 LOOP     tmp := tmp|| '0x' || utl_raw.substr(vraw, i, 1) || ' ';     dbms_output.put_line(tmp); END LOOP; END; /
TRANSLATE
Translate the bytes in the input r raw according to the bytes in the translation raws, from_set and to_set	utl_raw.translate(r IN RAW, from_set IN RAW, to_set IN RAW) RETURN RAW;
	CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION trans_demo(pin IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS r_in RAW(2000); r_out RAW(2000); r_ul RAW(64); r_lu RAW(64); BEGIN r_in := utl_raw.cast_to_raw(pin); r_ul := utl_raw.cast_to_raw('ABCDEFabcdef'); r_lu := utl_raw.cast_to_raw('abcdefABCDEF'); r_out := utl_raw.translate(r_in , r_ul, r_lu); return(utl_raw.cast_to_varchar2(r_out)); END trans_demo; / SELECT trans_demo('FaDe') FROM dual; SELECT trans_demo('FAde') FROM dual;
TRANSLITERATE
Transliterate the bytes in the input r raw according to the bytes in the transliteration raws, from_set and to_set	utl_raw.transliterate(r IN RAW, to_set IN RAW DEFAULT NULL, from_set IN RAW DEFAULT NULL, pad IN RAW DEFAULT NULL) RETURN RAW;
	CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION tl_demo(pin IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS r_in RAW(2000); r_out RAW(2000); r_up RAW(64); r_lo RAW(64); r_un RAW(64) := utl_raw.cast_to_raw('_'); BEGIN r_in := utl_raw.cast_to_raw(pin); r_up := utl_raw.cast_to_raw('ABCDEF. '); r_lo := utl_raw.cast_to_raw('abcdef'); r_out := utl_raw.transliterate(r_in , r_lo, r_up, r_un); return(utl_raw.cast_to_varchar2(r_out)); END tl_demo; / SELECT tl_demo('AB C.D') FROM dual;
XRANGE
Returns a raw containing all valid 1-byte encodings in succession beginning with the value start_byte and ending with the value end_byte.	utl_raw.xrange(start_byte IN RAW DEFAULT NULL, end_byte IN RAW DEFAULT NULL) RETURN RAW;
	SELECT utl_raw.xrange(utl_raw.cast_to_raw('A'), utl_raw.cast_to_raw('Z')) FROM dual; SELECT utl_raw.xrange(utl_raw.cast_to_raw('0A'), utl_raw.cast_to_raw('Z')) FROM dual;