Google为android平台开发Web Service提供了支持,提供了Ksoap2-android相关架包
1.下载该架包可以直接登录http://code.google.com/p/ksoap2-android/,现在该站点已经提供了直接的下载,只要点击下载链接就可以下载了;
我现在的是ksoap2-android-assembly-2.6.5-jar-with-dependencies.jar
2.好了,现在我们就可以进行新建项目来进行测试了,首先我们先建立java服务端,这里的一些前期准备我就不说了(比如与spring的整合等示例),
如果有不清楚的可以去看博客 http://www.cnblogs.com/shenliang123/archive/2012/04/16/2451580.html
由于这里重点是android客户端,java服务器端就直接给代码了
Interface:(这里提供了两个方法,一个传递的是简单字符串,另一个传递的是符合对象+集合)
package xidian.sl.service.webService; import javax.jws.WebParam; import javax.jws.WebService; import javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding; import javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding.Style; import xidian.sl.service.impl.webService.StudentList; @WebService @SOAPBinding(style = Style.RPC) public interface TestService { public String getUser(@WebParam(name = "name")String name); public StudentList getStuList(); }
implement:
package xidian.sl.service.impl.webService; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import javax.jws.WebService; import xidian.sl.entity.Students; import xidian.sl.service.webService.TestService; @WebService(endpointInterface = "xidian.sl.service.webService.TestService") public class TestServiceImpl implements TestService { @Override public String getUser(String name) { System.out.println("客户端传递的名字为 = "+name); return name; } @Override public StudentList getStuList() { System.out.println("该方法被调用"); List<Students> stuList = new ArrayList<Students>(); //第一个学生 Students stu1 = new Students(); stu1.setStuName("沈浪"); stu1.setStuNum("1006010054"); stu1.setStuSex("男"); stuList.add(stu1); //第二个学生 Students stu2 = new Students(); stu2.setStuName("香香"); stu2.setStuNum("1006010043"); stu2.setStuSex("女"); stuList.add(stu2); //将List集合封装成一个对象才能在webService中进行传递 StudentList studentList = new StudentList(); studentList.setStuList(stuList); return studentList; } }
list的封装对象
package xidian.sl.service.impl.webService; import java.util.List; import xidian.sl.entity.Students; public class StudentList { private List<Students> stuList; public List<Students> getStuList() { return stuList; } public void setStuList(List<Students> stuList) { this.stuList = stuList; } }
然后在srping的整合配置文件中进行如下配置即可(默认web.xml中已经进行配置)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd"> <import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf.xml" /> <!-- 这些xml文件在cxf-2.5.0.jar的META-INF目录下--> <!--<import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-extension-soap.xml" /> 警告提示已经废弃了cxf-extension-soap.xml文件--> <import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-servlet.xml" /> <!-- 这里配置服务接口,后面描述 id:指在spring配置的bean的ID. Implementor:指明具体的实现类. Address:指明这个web service的相对地址 --> <!-- 测试 --> <bean id="testServiceImpl" class="xidian.sl.service.impl.webService.TestServiceImpl" > </bean> <jaxws:endpoint id="testService" implementor="#testServiceImpl" address="/test" /> <!-- 开启tomcat服务器 ,访问http://localhost:8080/WebExam/services/test?wsdl http://localhost:8080/WebExam是本项目的访问地址 services是由于web.xml配置所得,test是由于Spring配置文件中的address属性所得 --> </beans>
3.到此服务器端的已经建立完全,我们可以测试下:开启tomcat,然后在浏览器中输入http://localhost:8090/WebExam/services/test?wsdl可以查看wsdl
新建一个项目后导入ksoap2-android-assembly-2.6.5-jar-with-dependencies.jar,这里要特别注意:导入包的方式不要选择项目右键---->build path---->
add external archives...,如果使用这种方式表面上好像是导入了包,但还是没有办法引用到,然后启动项目后一直会报:
我们还是选择和开发web一样的方式,就是在项目下新建lib或者libs文件夹,然后将jar直接复制到该文件夹中,IDE会帮助直接引入的:
这样就正确无误了,不再会报类无法引用到了
android中通过webservice调用服务器端其实还是很简单的,只要按部就班的按照下面步骤进行即可:
(1)创建HttpTransportSE对象,该对象用于调用WebService操作
HttpTransportSE ht = new HttpTransportSE(SERVICE_URL);
(2)创建SoapSerializationEnvelope对象
SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
(3)创建SoapObject对象,创建该对象时需要传入所要调用的Web Service的命名空间和WebService方法名
SoapObject request = new SoapObject(SERVICE_NS, methodName);
(4)如果有参数传给Web Service服务器端,调用SoapObject对象的addProperty(String name, Object value)方法来设置参数,该方法的name参数指定参数名
注意:参数名不一定要与服务端的方法中的参数名相同,只要对应顺序相同即可;value参数指定参数值
request.addProperty("name", "1006010054");
(5)调用SoapSerializationEnvelope的setOutputSoapObject()方法,或者直接对bodyOut属性赋值,将前两步创建的SoapObject对象设为SoapSerializationEnvelope
的传出SOAP消息体
envelope.bodyOut = request;
(6)调用对象的call()方法,并以SoapSerializationEnvelope作为参数调用远程的web service
ht.call(null, envelope);
(7)掉用完成后,访问SoapSerializationEnvelope对象的bodyIn属性,该属性返回一个SoapObject对象,该对象就代表Web service的返回消息,解析该对象,即可获得
调用web service的返回值
SoapObject result = (SoapObject) envelope.bodyIn;
String name = result.getProperty(0).toString();
下面给书具体的实例:
mian.xml很简单就是两个编辑框:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:orientation="vertical" > <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/hello" /> <EditText android:id="@+id/editText1" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:ems="10" > <requestFocus /> </EditText> <EditText android:id="@+id/editText2" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:ems="10" /> </LinearLayout>
Activity:(该Activity调用了服务器端返回普通字符串的方法)
package xidian.sl.android.webservice; import org.ksoap2.SoapEnvelope; import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapObject; import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapSerializationEnvelope; import org.ksoap2.transport.HttpTransportSE; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.EditText; public class WebServiceSimpleDemo extends Activity{ final static String SERVICE_NS = "http://webService.service.sl.xidian/"; final static String SERVICE_URL = "http://192.168.1.103:8090/WebExam/services/test"; private EditText txt1; private EditText txt2; /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); txt1 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText1); txt2 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText2); //调用的方法 String methodName = "getUser"; //创建httpTransportSE传输对象 HttpTransportSE ht = new HttpTransportSE(SERVICE_URL); ht.debug = true; //使用soap1.1协议创建Envelop对象 SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11); //实例化SoapObject对象 SoapObject request = new SoapObject(SERVICE_NS, methodName); /** * 设置参数,参数名不一定需要跟调用的服务器端的参数名相同,只需要对应的顺序相同即可 * */ request.addProperty("name", "1006010054"); //将SoapObject对象设置为SoapSerializationEnvelope对象的传出SOAP消息 envelope.bodyOut = request; try{ //调用webService ht.call(null, envelope); //txt1.setText("看看"+envelope.getResponse()); if(envelope.getResponse() != null){ txt2.setText("有返回"); SoapObject result = (SoapObject) envelope.bodyIn; String name = result.getProperty(0).toString(); txt1.setText("返回值 = "+name); }else{ txt2.setText("无返回"); } }catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
在AndroidManifest.xml进行Activity的注册和并添加访问网络的权限
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="xidian.sl.android.webservice" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0" > <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="10" /> <application android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher" android:label="@string/app_name" > <activity android:name=".WebServiceSimpleDemo" android:label="@string/app_name" > <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> </application> <!-- 声明该应用自身所拥有的权限 --> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" /> </manifest>
运行后的结果如图所示:
下面我们来试着调用回传符合对象的方法:
activity:
package xidian.sl.android.webservice; import org.ksoap2.SoapEnvelope; import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapObject; import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapSerializationEnvelope; import org.ksoap2.transport.HttpTransportSE; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.EditText; public class WebServiceComplexDemo extends Activity{ final static String SERVICE_NS = "http://webService.service.sl.xidian/"; final static String SERVICE_URL = "http://192.168.1.103:8090/WebExam/services/test"; private EditText txt1; private EditText txt2; /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); txt1 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText1); txt2 = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText2); //调用的方法 String methodName = "getStuList"; //创建httpTransportSE传输对象 HttpTransportSE ht = new HttpTransportSE(SERVICE_URL); ht.debug = true; //使用soap1.1协议创建Envelop对象 SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11); //实例化SoapObject对象 SoapObject request = new SoapObject(SERVICE_NS, methodName); /** * 设置参数,参数名不一定需要跟调用的服务器端的参数名相同,只需要对应的顺序相同即可 * */ //request.addProperty("name", "1006010054"); //将SoapObject对象设置为SoapSerializationEnvelope对象的传出SOAP消息 envelope.bodyOut = request; try{ //调用webService ht.call(null, envelope); txt2.setText("回传的值 :"+envelope.getResponse()); if(envelope.getResponse() != null){ SoapObject result = (SoapObject) envelope.bodyIn; SoapObject soapChilds = (SoapObject)result.getProperty(0); StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); for(int i=0; i <soapChilds.getPropertyCount(); i++){ SoapObject soapChildsChilds = (SoapObject)soapChilds.getProperty(i); sb.append("姓名["+i+"] = "+soapChildsChilds.getProperty(0).toString()+"\n"); sb.append("学号["+i+"] = "+soapChildsChilds.getProperty(1).toString()+"\n"); sb.append("性别["+i+"] = "+soapChildsChilds.getProperty(2).toString()+"\n"+"\n"); } txt1.setText(sb.toString()); }else{ txt1.setText("无返回"); } }catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
区别就是对于返回值的处理上,使用几次getPropert()方法,这里主要看返回值的层次,看下面的结果应该就能明白了,根据括号的层次来进行确定
转自:http://www.cnblogs.com/shenliang123/archive/2012/07/05/2578586.html