Configuring Default-network for EIGRP
实验目的:
1、掌握通过ip default-network 命令配置EIGRP 默认网络。
实验拓扑图:
实验步骤及要求:
1、配置各台路由器的IP 地址,并且使用Ping 命令确认各路由器的直连口的互
通性。
2、配置R3 路由器用于模拟外部网络,也可以把其假想为Internet 网络,并且
在R3 上配置一条默认用于,以便路由来自于EIGRP 内部网络的数据包。
R3(config)#
R3(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.10.1
R3(config)#
3、配置R1、R2 和R5 路由器的EIGRP 路由协议,配置如下所示:
R1(config)#router eigrp 50
R1(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0
R1(config-router)#exit
R5(config)#router eigrp 50
R5(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0
R5(config-router)#exit
R2(config)#router eigrp 50
R2(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0
R2(config-router)#exit
4、在R2 上查看EIGRP 的邻居,确认EIGRP 正常运行:
R2#show ip eigrp neighbors
IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 50
H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq Type
(sec) (ms) Cnt Num
1 172.16.1.6 Et1/2 11 00:00:54 1 3000 0 2
0 172.16.1.1 Et1/0 12 00:00:54 1 3000 0 2
5、在R2 上配置静态默认路由,用于到达外部网络,配置如下:
R2(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.10.2
R2(config)#
R2#ping 192.168.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
.!!!!
Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/43/92 ms
R2#
6、路由器R2 作为企业的出口路由器,由于其配置了静态路由,因此其可以直接
批注 [stanley11]: 配置此
条路由到达EIGRP 内部网络。
批注 [stanley12]: R2 通过
此路由可以访问到外部网
络。
批注 [stanley13]: 测试静
态默认路由的有效性。
10
访问外部,但是内部的R1 和R5 路由器由于缺少路由,因此无法访问外网。下面
显示了R1 路由器的路由表和其向外部发起ping 的访问结果:
R1#show ip route
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.16.0.0/30 is subnetted, 2 subnets
D 172.16.1.4 [90/284160] via 172.16.1.2, 00:06:40, FastEthernet0/1
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
R1#
R1#ping 192.168.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)
R1#
R5#show ip route
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.16.0.0/30 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C 172.16.1.4 is directly connected, Ethernet1/1
D 172.16.1.0 [90/307200] via 172.16.1.5, 00:12:15, Ethernet1/1
R5#
R5#ping 192.168.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)
R5#
7、为了解决问题,只需要在R1 和R5 路由器上配置一条指向R2 路由器的静态默
认路由即可,如下所示:
R1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.1.2
R1(config)#exit
R1#show ip route
Gateway of last resort is 172.16.1.2 to network 0.0.0.0
批注 [stanley14]: 路由表
中显示出R1 没有外部网络路
由。
批注 [stanley15]: 由于R1
缺少到达外部网络路由,因
此R1 无法访问外部网络。
批注 [stanley16]: 内部路
由器R5 也遇到了相同的问
题。
11
172.16.0.0/30 is subnetted, 2 subnets
D 172.16.1.4 [90/284160] via 172.16.1.2, 00:09:19, FastEthernet0/1
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 172.16.1.2
R1#
R1#ping 192.168.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 48/71/92 ms
R1#
R5(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.1.5
R5(config)#exit
R5#
R5#show ip route
Gateway of last resort is 172.16.1.5 to network 0.0.0.0
172.16.0.0/30 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C 172.16.1.4 is directly connected, Ethernet1/1
D 172.16.1.0 [90/307200] via 172.16.1.5, 00:13:57, Ethernet1/1
S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 172.16.1.5
R5#
R5#ping 192.168.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/53/64 ms
R5#
8、根据上面配置,其实只需要给内部路由器配置默认路由指向出口路由器R2 即
可解决外部网络无法访问的问题。但是如果内部网络路由器数量较多时,采用手
工配置静态默认路由,则会显得非常繁锁。因此,建议采用默认网络命令,让
R2 路由器自动的向内部通告默认路由。
9、将R1 和R5 的静态默认路由删除后,查看R1 和R5 的路由表。如下所示:
R1(config)#no ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.1.2
R1(config)#exit
R1#
批注 [stanley17]: 为R1 添
加一条到达外网静态默认路
由。
批注 [stanley18]: 由于已
经此时配置了默认路由,所
以此时R1 可以访问到外部网
络。
12
R1#show ip route
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.16.0.0/30 is subnetted, 2 subnets
D 172.16.1.4 [90/284160] via 172.16.1.2, 00:19:02, FastEthernet0/1
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
R1#
R1#ping 192.168.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)
R1#
R5(config)#no ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.1.5
R5(config)#exit
R5#
R5#show ip route
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.16.0.0/30 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C 172.16.1.4 is directly connected, Ethernet1/1
D 172.16.1.0 [90/307200] via 172.16.1.5, 00:19:42, Ethernet1/1
R5#
R5#ping 192.168.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)
R5#
10、在R2 上配置默认网络,配置如下所示:
R2(config)#router eigrp 50
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0
R2(config-router)#exit
R2(config)#ip default-network 192.168.10.0
R2(config)#exit
R2#show ip route
13
Gateway of last resort is 192.168.10.2 to network 0.0.0.0
* 192.168.10.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
D* 192.168.10.0/24 is a summary, 00:00:53, Null0
C 192.168.10.0/30 is directly connected, Ethernet1/1
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 2 masks
C 172.16.1.4/30 is directly connected, Ethernet1/2
D 172.16.0.0/16 is a summary, 00:22:22, Null0
C 172.16.1.0/30 is directly connected, Ethernet1/0
S* 0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 192.168.10.2
R2#
11、查看R1 和R5 路由器的路由表,并且尝试访问外部网络:
R1#show ip route
Gateway of last resort is 172.16.1.2 to network 192.168.10.0
D* 192.168.10.0/24 [90/284160] via 172.16.1.2, 00:02:03, FastEthernet0/1
172.16.0.0/30 is subnetted, 2 subnets
D 172.16.1.4 [90/284160] via 172.16.1.2, 00:02:04, FastEthernet0/1
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
R1#
R1#ping 192.168.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 48/105/188 ms
R1#
R5#show ip route
Gateway of last resort is 172.16.1.5 to network 192.168.10.0
D* 192.168.10.0/24 [90/307200] via 172.16.1.5, 00:04:15, Ethernet1/1
172.16.0.0/30 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C 172.16.1.4 is directly connected, Ethernet1/1
D 172.16.1.0 [90/307200] via 172.16.1.5, 00:04:19, Ethernet1/1
R5#
R5#ping 192.168.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
批注 [stanley19]: ip
default-network 命令标识
的默认网络。
批注 [stanley20]: 手工配
置的静态默认路由。
批注 [stanley21]: 由于R2
上配置的默认网络,EIGRP
路由器会将其通告给R1 路由
器。
14
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 76/87/96 ms
R5#
12、使用ip default-network 命令可以有效减少内部网络配置任务。不过需要
注意的是ip default-network 其指出默认网络,建议采用主类网络。如果使用
无类网络,则可能会出现无法解释的问题。
38、实验完成
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