主库做不完全恢复后，备库无法应用日志解决办法（重建备库）
一：实验环境
主库：两个节点的集群
备库：单实例
操作系统：redhat
二：实验介绍
主库做不完全恢复后，备库无法应用日志。
这里通过重建备库的方法解决。
三：实验步骤
3.1：主库不完全恢复实验
3.1.1现有测试数据
SQL> select *
2 from scott.t;
ID
----------
1
2
3.1.2查看数据库当前SCN
--供后面做不完全恢复用
SQL> select current_scn
2 from v$database;
CURRENT_SCN
-----------
762953
3.1.3备库数据库
RMAN> backup database format '/home/oracle/backup/%d_%s_%T.bak';
Starting backup at 16-SEP-14
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=143 instance=prod1 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00001 name=+DATA/prod/datafile/system.256.857444647
input datafile fno=00003 name=+DATA/prod/datafile/sysaux.257.857444649
input datafile fno=00005 name=+DATA/prod/datafile/example.264.857444773
input datafile fno=00002 name=+DATA/prod/datafile/undotbs1.258.857444651
input datafile fno=00006 name=+DATA/prod/datafile/undotbs2.265.857444885
input datafile fno=00004 name=+DATA/prod/datafile/users.259.857444651
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 16-SEP-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 16-SEP-14
piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/PROD_15_20140916.bak tag=TAG20140916T072842 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:08
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 16-SEP-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 16-SEP-14
piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/PROD_16_20140916.bak tag=TAG20140916T072842 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04
Finished backup at 16-SEP-14
3.1.4清空t表
SQL> delete
2 from scott.t;
6 rows deleted.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> select *
2 from scott.t;
no rows selected
3.1.5 不完全恢复
--在rac1上做不完全恢复:
3.1.5.1关闭主库所有实例
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
3.1.5.2 startup nomount
RMAN> startup nomount;
Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area 285212672 bytes
Fixed Size 1218992 bytes
Variable Size 218105424 bytes
Database Buffers 62914560 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
3.1.5.3 恢复控制文件
RMAN> restore controlfile from '/home/oracle/backup/PROD_16_20140916.bak';
Starting restore at 16-SEP-14
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=147 instance=prod1 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:08
output filename=+DATA/prod/controlfile/current.260.857444741
output filename=+REDOLOG/prod/controlfile/current.256.857444743
Finished restore at 16-SEP-14
3.1.5.4 启动到mount状态
RMAN> alter database mount;
database mounted
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
3.1.5.5 不完全恢复
RMAN> run {
2> set until scn 762953;
3> restore database;
4> recover database;
5> }
executing command: SET until clause
Starting restore at 16-SEP-14
Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 16-SEP-14
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
Crosschecked 9 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 16-SEP-14
Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 16-SEP-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1
Crosschecked 4 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 16-SEP-14
searching for all files in the recovery area
cataloging files...
no files cataloged
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
restoring datafile 00001 to +DATA/prod/datafile/system.256.857444647
restoring datafile 00002 to +DATA/prod/datafile/undotbs1.258.857444651
restoring datafile 00003 to +DATA/prod/datafile/sysaux.257.857444649
restoring datafile 00004 to +DATA/prod/datafile/users.259.857444651
restoring datafile 00005 to +DATA/prod/datafile/example.264.857444773
restoring datafile 00006 to +DATA/prod/datafile/undotbs2.265.857444885
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/backup/PROD_13_20140916.bak
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/PROD_13_20140916.bak tag=TAG20140916T054147
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:26
Finished restore at 16-SEP-14
Starting recover at 16-SEP-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
archive log thread 1 sequence 3 is already on disk as file +DATA/prod/1_3_858395720.arc
archive log thread 1 sequence 4 is already on disk as file +DATA/prod/1_4_858395720.arc
archive log thread 1 sequence 5 is already on disk as file +DATA/prod/1_5_858395720.arc
archive log thread 1 sequence 6 is already on disk as file +DATA/prod/1_6_858395720.arc
archive log thread 1 sequence 7 is already on disk as file +DATA/prod/1_7_858395720.arc
archive log thread 1 sequence 8 is already on disk as file +DATA/prod/1_8_858395720.arc
archive log thread 1 sequence 9 is already on disk as file +DATA/prod/1_9_858395720.arc
archive log thread 1 sequence 10 is already on disk as file +DATA/prod/1_10_858395720.arc
archive log thread 1 sequence 11 is already on disk as file +DATA/prod/1_11_858395720.arc
archive log thread 1 sequence 12 is already on disk as file +DATA/prod/onlinelog/group_1.261.858408013
archive log thread 1 sequence 13 is already on disk as file +DATA/prod/onlinelog/group_2.262.858408017
archive log thread 2 sequence 12 is already on disk as file +DATA/prod/2_12_858395720.arc
archive log thread 2 sequence 13 is already on disk as file +DATA/prod/2_13_858395720.arc
archive log thread 2 sequence 14 is already on disk as file +DATA/prod/2_14_858395720.arc
archive log thread 2 sequence 15 is already on disk as file +DATA/prod/2_15_858395720.arc
archive log thread 2 sequence 16 is already on disk as file +DATA/prod/2_16_858395720.arc
archive log thread 2 sequence 17 is already on disk as file +DATA/prod/2_17_858395720.arc
archive log thread 2 sequence 18 is already on disk as file +DATA/prod/2_18_858395720.arc
archive log thread 2 sequence 19 is already on disk as file +DATA/prod/2_19_858395720.arc
archive log thread 2 sequence 20 is already on disk as file +DATA/prod/onlinelog/group_3.266.858408021
archive log thread 2 sequence 21 is already on disk as file +DATA/prod/onlinelog/group_4.267.858408027
archive log filename=+DATA/prod/1_3_858395720.arc thread=1 sequence=3
archive log filename=+DATA/prod/2_12_858395720.arc thread=2 sequence=12
archive log filename=+DATA/prod/1_4_858395720.arc thread=1 sequence=4
archive log filename=+DATA/prod/2_13_858395720.arc thread=2 sequence=13
archive log filename=+DATA/prod/2_14_858395720.arc thread=2 sequence=14
archive log filename=+DATA/prod/1_5_858395720.arc thread=1 sequence=5
archive log filename=+DATA/prod/2_15_858395720.arc thread=2 sequence=15
archive log filename=+DATA/prod/1_6_858395720.arc thread=1 sequence=6
archive log filename=+DATA/prod/1_7_858395720.arc thread=1 sequence=7
archive log filename=+DATA/prod/1_8_858395720.arc thread=1 sequence=8
archive log filename=+DATA/prod/1_9_858395720.arc thread=1 sequence=9
archive log filename=+DATA/prod/1_10_858395720.arc thread=1 sequence=10
archive log filename=+DATA/prod/2_16_858395720.arc thread=2 sequence=16
archive log filename=+DATA/prod/2_17_858395720.arc thread=2 sequence=17
archive log filename=+DATA/prod/2_18_858395720.arc thread=2 sequence=18
archive log filename=+DATA/prod/1_11_858395720.arc thread=1 sequence=11
archive log filename=+DATA/prod/2_19_858395720.arc thread=2 sequence=19
archive log filename=+DATA/prod/onlinelog/group_1.261.858408013 thread=1 sequence=12
archive log filename=+DATA/prod/onlinelog/group_3.266.858408021 thread=2 sequence=20
archive log filename=+DATA/prod/onlinelog/group_4.267.858408027 thread=2 sequence=21
archive log filename=+DATA/prod/onlinelog/group_2.262.858408017 thread=1 sequence=13
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:05
Finished recover at 16-SEP-14
3.1.5.6 打开库
RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;
database opened
3.1.5.7 验证
SQL> select *
2 from scott.t;
ID
----------
1
2
3.1.5.8 查看备库归档日志是否应用
此后，主库切换日志的话，备库无法应用新接收的归档日志：
NAME APP FIRST_TIM
-------------------------------------------------- --- ---------
/arch/sdyprod/1_6_858395720.arc YES 16-SEP-14
/arch/sdyprod/1_5_858395720.arc YES 16-SEP-14
/arch/sdyprod/1_7_858395720.arc YES 16-SEP-14
/arch/sdyprod/1_8_858395720.arc YES 16-SEP-14
/arch/sdyprod/1_9_858395720.arc YES 16-SEP-14
/arch/sdyprod/1_10_858395720.arc YES 16-SEP-14
/arch/sdyprod/1_11_858395720.arc YES 16-SEP-14
/arch/sdyprod/2_19_858395720.arc YES 16-SEP-14
/arch/sdyprod/2_20_858395720.arc YES 16-SEP-14
/arch/sdyprod/1_12_858395720.arc YES 16-SEP-14
/arch/sdyprod/2_21_858395720.arc NO 16-SEP-14
NAME APP FIRST_TIM
-------------------------------------------------- --- ---------
/arch/sdyprod/1_1_858411261.arc NO 16-SEP-14
/arch/sdyprod/1_13_858395720.arc NO 16-SEP-14
/arch/sdyprod/2_1_858411261.arc NO 16-SEP-14
3.2：重建备库
3.2.1 备份主库
--主库刚open resetlogs，故需要重新备份：
RMAN> backup database format '/home/oracle/backup/%d_%s_%T.bak';
Starting backup at 16-SEP-14
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
input datafile fno=00001 name=+DATA/prod/datafile/system.256.857444647
input datafile fno=00003 name=+DATA/prod/datafile/sysaux.257.857444649
input datafile fno=00005 name=+DATA/prod/datafile/example.264.857444773
input datafile fno=00002 name=+DATA/prod/datafile/undotbs1.258.857444651
input datafile fno=00006 name=+DATA/prod/datafile/undotbs2.265.857444885
input datafile fno=00004 name=+DATA/prod/datafile/users.259.857444651
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 16-SEP-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 16-SEP-14
piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/PROD_21_20140916.bak tag=TAG20140916T085755 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:26
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
including current control file in backupset
including current SPFILE in backupset
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 16-SEP-14
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 16-SEP-14
piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/PROD_22_20140916.bak tag=TAG20140916T085755 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished backup at 16-SEP-14
3.2.2 在主库创建备库控制文件
（前提是先要删除该路径下的备库控制文件）
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ rm sdyprod_control01.ctl
SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/home/oracle/sdyprod_control01.ctl';
3.2.3 关备库
SQL> shutdown abort;
ORACLE instance shut down.
3.2.4 删掉数据文件，控制文件，日志文件
[oracle@dg sdyprod]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/admin/sdyprod
[oracle@dg sdyprod]$ ls
adump bdump cdump sdyprod_control01.ctl udump
[oracle@dg sdyprod]$ rm sdyprod_control01.ctl
[oracle@dg sdyprod]$cd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/sdyprod
[oracle@dg sdyprod]$ rm *
[oracle@dg sdyprod]$ ls
Database altered.
3.2.5 将主库下的备库控制文件拷贝到备库控制文件所在地
[oracle@rac1 ~]$ scp sdyprod_control01.ctl 192.168.8.225:/u01/app/oracle/admin/sdyprod/
[email protected]'s password:
sdyprod_control01.ctl
3.2.6 将主库的备份文件拷贝到备库
[oracle@rac1 backup]$ scp PROD_21_20140916.bak 192.168.8.225:/home/oracle/backup/
[email protected]'s password:
PROD_21_20140916.bak 100% 622MB 14.8MB/s 00:42
[oracle@rac1 backup]$
3.2.7 将备库启动到mount状态
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 285212672 bytes
Fixed Size 1218992 bytes
Variable Size 104859216 bytes
Database Buffers 176160768 bytes
Redo Buffers 2973696 bytes
Database mounted.
3.2.8 restore database
RMAN> restore database;
Starting restore at 16-SEP-14
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=152 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/sdyprod/system.256.857444647
restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/sdyprod/undotbs1.258.857444651
restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/sdyprod/sysaux.257.857444649
restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/sdyprod/users.259.857444651
restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/sdyprod/example.264.857444773
restoring datafile 00006 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/sdyprod/undotbs2.265.857444885
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/backup/PROD_21_20140916.bak
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/PROD_21_20140916.bak tag=TAG20140916T085755
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:16
Finished restore at 16-SEP-14
3.2.9 应用日志：
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
Database altered.
3.2.10查看是否应用日志
--在主库多切换几次日志，查看v$archived_log是否应用，
SQL> select name,applied
from v$archived_log;
NAME APP FIRST_TIM
-------------------------------------------------- --- ---------
/arch/sdyprod/2_3_858411261.arc YES 16-SEP-14
/arch/sdyprod/1_5_858411261.arc YES 16-SEP-14
/arch/sdyprod/2_4_858411261.arc YES 16-SEP-14
/arch/sdyprod/1_6_858411261.arc NO 16-SEP-14
可以应用了。
--如果出现问题的话，就重新在主库做下备份，备份备库控制文件。多弄几次。