LaTeX插入源代码
作者：金良（[email protected]） csdn博客：http://blog.csdn.net/u012176591
注意要用xelatex编译。
LaTeX支持多种编程语言的输入，而且允许你对其显示效果（如背景框，各部分的颜色）等进行设置。
1.必须引入的包\usepackage{listings}，为了设置颜色，再引入颜色包\usepackage{xcolor}。
2.支持的语言：
ABAP2,4 IDL4 PL/I ACSL inform Plasm Ada4 Java4 POV Algol4 JVMIS Prolog Ant ksh Promela Assembler2,4 Lisp4 Python Awk4 Logo R bash make4 Reduce Basic2,4 Mathematica1,4 Rexx C4 Matlab RSL C++4 Mercury Ruby Caml4 MetaPost S4 Clean Miranda SAS Cobol4 Mizar Scilab Comal ML sh csh Modelica3 SHELXL Delphi Modula-2 Simula4 Eiffel MuPAD SQL Elan NASTRAN tcl4 erlang Oberon-2 TeX4 Euphoria OCL4 VBScript Fortran4 Octave Verilog GCL Oz VHDL4 Gnuplot Pascal4 VRML4 Haskell Perl XML HTML PHP XSLT
3.使用方法
3.1第一种方法，直接对显示风格进行设置，即在使用时设置
\begin{colorboxed}
\begin{lstlisting}[language={[ANSI]C},numbers=left,numberstyle=\tiny,%frame=shadowbox,
rulesepcolor=\color{red!20!green!20!blue!20},
keywordstyle=\color{blue!70!black},
commentstyle=\color{blue!90!},
basicstyle=\ttfamily]
#include <iostream>
#define LENGTH 8
using namespace std;
//测试用的代码，bubbleSort函数
int main() {
int temp,number[LENGTH]={95,45,15,78,84,51,24,12};
for(int i=0;i<LENGTH;i++)
for(int j=0;j<LENGTH-1-i;j++)
if(number[j]>number[j+1]) {
temp=number[j];
number[j]=number[j+1];
number[j+1]=temp;
} //if end
for(int i=0;i<LENGTH;i++) cout<<number[i]<<" ";
cout<<endl;
}//main end
\end{lstlisting}
\end{colorboxed}
3.2.第二种方法，预先设置
\definecolor{mygreen}{rgb}{0,0.6,0}
\definecolor{mygray}{rgb}{0.5,0.5,0.5}
\definecolor{mymauve}{rgb}{0.58,0,0.82}
\lstset{ %
backgroundcolor=\color{white}, % choose the background color; you must add \usepackage{color} or \usepackage{xcolor}
basicstyle=\footnotesize, % the size of the fonts that are used for the code
breakatwhitespace=false, % sets if automatic breaks should only happen at whitespace
breaklines=true, % sets automatic line breaking
captionpos=bl, % sets the caption-position to bottom
commentstyle=\color{mygreen}, % comment style
deletekeywords={...}, % if you want to delete keywords from the given language
escapeinside={\%*}{*)}, % if you want to add LaTeX within your code
extendedchars=true, % lets you use non-ASCII characters; for 8-bits encodings only, does not work with UTF-8
frame=single, % adds a frame around the code
keepspaces=true, % keeps spaces in text, useful for keeping indentation of code (possibly needs columns=flexible)
keywordstyle=\color{blue}, % keyword style
%language=Python, % the language of the code
morekeywords={*,...}, % if you want to add more keywords to the set
numbers=left, % where to put the line-numbers; possible values are (none, left, right)
numbersep=5pt, % how far the line-numbers are from the code
numberstyle=\tiny\color{mygray}, % the style that is used for the line-numbers
rulecolor=\color{black}, % if not set, the frame-color may be changed on line-breaks within not-black text (e.g. comments (green here))
showspaces=false, % show spaces everywhere adding particular underscores; it overrides 'showstringspaces'
showstringspaces=false, % underline spaces within strings only
showtabs=false, % show tabs within strings adding particular underscores
stepnumber=1, % the step between two line-numbers. If it's 1, each line will be numbered
stringstyle=\color{orange}, % string literal style
tabsize=2, % sets default tabsize to 2 spaces
%title=myPython.py % show the filename of files included with \lstinputlisting; also try caption instead of title
}
\begin{lstlisting}[language={[ANSI]C},title={bubbleSort.c}]
#include <iostream>
#define LENGTH 8
using namespace std;
//测试用的代码，bubbleSort函数
int main() {
int temp,number[LENGTH]={95,45,15,78,84,51,24,12};
for(int i=0;i<LENGTH;i++)
for(int j=0;j<LENGTH-1-i;j++)
if(number[j]>number[j+1]) {
temp=number[j];
number[j]=number[j+1];
number[j+1]=temp;
} //if end
for(int i=0;i<LENGTH;i++) cout<<number[i]<<" ";
cout<<endl;
}//main end
\end{lstlisting}
\lstinputlisting[language=Python, title=myPython.py]{myPython.py}
上面的代码有两个引入源代码的语句，前者引入C代码，具体代码在引入语句中；后者引入Python代码，通过指定源文件名称引入代码。
basicstyle=\footnotesize, 这个选项设定源代码的显示字号，这里罗列一下（从小到大）LaTeX支持的10类字号类型命令：
- \tiny
- \scriptsize
- \footnotesize
- \small
- \normalsize (default)
- \large
- \Large (capital "l")
- \LARGE (all caps)
- \huge
- \Huge (capital "h")
显示效果：
3.3进一步修改
我们在设置中去掉边框（注释掉%frame=single, ），增加背景颜色（backgroundcolor=\color{lightgray},），改变源文件标题位置（captionpos=t, % t(top) or b(bottom)），效果如下：
3.加入中文或中文注释
listings 宏包默认是不支持包含中文字串的代码显示的，但是可以使用 “逃逸” 字串来显示中文。
在 \lstset 命令中设置逃逸字串的开始符号与终止符号，推荐使用的符号是左引号，即 “ `”
\lstset{numbers=left,
numberstyle= \tiny,keywordstyle= \color{ blue!70},commentstyle=\color{red!50!green!50!blue!50},
frame=shadowbox, rulesepcolor= \color{ red!20!green!20!blue!20},
escapeinside=``}
\begin{lstlisting}[language={[ANSI]C}]
int main(int argc, char ** argv)
{
//`中文`
printf("`我爱中文`! \n");
return 0;
}
\end{lstlisting}
- 在LaTeX中插入程序代码 http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_50f21fed01016fud.html