linux内核编译过程及配置说明解释（5）--Bus options，Executable file formats，Emulations

Bus options

    [*] PCI support                                                           x x  
  x x          PCI access mode (BIOS)  --->                                        x x  

On PCI systems, the BIOS can be used to detect the PCI devices and determine their configuration. However, some old PCI motherboards        
   have BIOS bugs and may crash if this is done. Also, some embedded  PCI-based systems don't have any BIOS at all. Linux can also try to    
  detect the PCI hardware directly without using the BIOS. With this option, you can specify how Linux should detect the            
   PCI devices. If you choose "BIOS", the BIOS will be used, if you choose "Direct", the BIOS won't be used, and if you                  
  choose "MMConfig", then PCI Express MMCONFIG will be used.  If you choose "Any", the kernel will try MMCONFIG, then the                
  direct access method and falls back to the BIOS if that doesn't work.

大概就是对BIOS是否进行PCI设备的检测进行测试，以及检测方式的选择

  x x    [ ]   Read CNB20LE Host Bridge Windows                                    x x  

Read the PCI windows out of the CNB20LE host bridge. This allows PCI hotplug to work on systems with the CNB20LE chipset which do     
not have ACPI

不通过主桥进行PCI windows的读取

  x x    [*]   PCI Express support                                                 x x  

串行总线支持

  x x    <*>     PCI Express Hotplug driver                                        x x  

串行总线热插拔驱动

  x x    [*]     Root Port Advanced Error Reporting support                        x x  

根接口高级错误报告支持

  x x    [ ]       PCI Express ECRC settings control                               x x  

Used to override firmware/bios settings for PCI Express ECRC  (transaction layer end-to-end CRC checking).

为串行总线进行固件重写

  x x    < >       PCIe AER error injector support                                 x x  

 This enables PCI Express Root Port Advanced Error Reporting  (AER) software error injector

 error injection can fake almost all kinds of errors with the  help of a user space helper tool aer-inject

就是方便管理报错信息的

  x x    [ ]     PCI Express ASPM control                                          x x  

This enables OS control over PCI Express ASPM (Active State Power Management) and Clock Power Management. ASPM supports state L0/L0s/L1.  
方便系统对PCI总线的状态管理

  x x    [*] Message Signaled Interrupts (MSI and MSI-X)                           x x  

This allows device drivers to enable MSI (Message Signaled Interrupts).  Message Signaled Interrupts enable a device to   generate an interrupt using an inbound Memory Write on its  PCI bus instead of asserting a device IRQ pin.

进行中断MSI的处理方式

  x x    [ ] PCI Debugging                                                         x x  

是否显示相关的调试信息

  x x    [ ] Enable PCI resource re-allocation detection                           x x  

允许PCI资源进行重新分配探测

  x x    <M> PCI Stub driver                                                       x x  

if you want be able to reserve a PCI device  when it is going to be assigned to a guest operating system

  x x    [*] Interrupts on hypertransport devices                                  x x  

This allows native hypertransport devices to use interrupts

  x x    [*] PCI IOV support                                                       x x  

I/O Virtualization is a PCI feature supported by some devices which allows them to create virtual devices which share their 
physical resources.    

  x x    [*] PCI PRI support                                                       x x  

PRI is the PCI Page Request Interface. It allows PCI devices that are behind an IOMMU to recover from page faults.

  x x    [*] PCI PASID support                                                     x x  

Process Address Space Identifiers (PASIDs) can be used by PCI devices to access more than one IO address space at the same time. To make               x  
  x use of this feature an IOMMU is required which also supports PASIDs. Select this option if you have such an IOMMU and want to compile the             x  
  x driver for it into your kernel.

  x x    <*> PCI IO-APIC hotplug support                                           x x  

  x x    [*] ISA support

Find out whether you have ISA slots on your motherboard.  ISA is the name of a bus system, i.e. the way the CPU talks to the other stuff 
inside your box.  Other bus systems are PCI, EISA, MicroChannel (MCA) or VESA.  ISA is an older system, now being displaced by PCI;

                
  [*]   EISA support                                                        x x  

 The Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus was developed as an open alternative to the IBM MicroChannel bus

  x x    [*]     Vesa Local Bus priming                                            x x  

 Activate this option if your system contains a Vesa Local

  x x    [*]     Generic PCI/EISA bridge                                           x x  

Activate this option if your system contains a PCI to EISA  bridge. If your system have both PCI and EISA slots, you     

certainly need this option.

  x x    [*]     EISA virtual root device                                          x x  

 Activate this option if your system only have EISA bus  (no PCI slots)

  x x    [*]     EISA device name database                                         x x  

 This database increases size of the kernel  image by about 40KB, but it gets freed after the system   
  boots up, so it doesn't take up kernel memory. Anyway, if  you are building an installation floppy or kernel for an   
  embedded system where kernel image size really matters, you can disable this feature and you'll get device ID instead of    

  x x    <M> NatSemi SCx200 support                                                x x  

This provides basic support for National Semiconductor's  (now AMD's) Geode processors.  The driver probes for the    
 PCI-IDs of several on-chip devices, so its a good dependency  for other scx200_* drivers.

  x x    <M>   NatSemi SCx200 27MHz High-Resolution Timer Support                  x x  

This driver provides a clocksource built upon the on-chip 27MHz high-resolution timer. 

  x x    [ ] One Laptop Per Child support                                          x x  

 Add support for detecting the unique features of the OLPC   XO hardware.

  x x    [*] PCEngines ALIX System Support (LED setup)                             x x  

 This option enables system support for the PCEngines ALIX.    At present this just sets up LEDs for GPIO control on ALIX2/3/6 boards.

  x x    [ ] Soekris Engineering net5501 System Support (LEDS, GPIO, etc)          x x  

 This option enables system support for the Soekris Engineering net5501

  x x    <M> PCCard (PCMCIA/CardBus) support  --->                                 x x  

Say Y here if you want to attach PCMCIA- or PC-cards to your Linux  computer.

  x x    <*> Support for PCI Hotplug  --->                                         x x  

Say Y here if you have a motherboard with a PCI Hotplug controller.

  x x    [*] RapidIO support                                                       x x  

 If you say Y here, the kernel will include drivers and  infrastructure code to support RapidIO interconnect devices.

  x x    [*]   IDT Tsi721 PCI Express SRIO Controller support                      x x  

 Include support for IDT Tsi721 PCI Express Serial RapidIO controller.

  x x    (30)  Discovery timeout duration (seconds)                                x x  

 Amount of time a discovery node waits for a host to complete  enumeration before giving up.

  x x    [ ]   Enable RapidIO Input/Output Ports      

The RapidIO specification describes a Output port transmit  enable and a Input port receive enable. The recommended state  
 for Input ports and Output ports should be disabled.

  [ ]   DMA Engine support for RapidIO                                      x x  

 Say Y here if you want to use DMA Engine frameork for RapidIO data  transfers to/from target RIO devices. RapidIO uses NREAD and                     x  
  NWRITE (NWRITE_R, SWRITE) requests to transfer data between local memory and memory on remote target device. You need a DMA controller             x  
  capable to perform data transfers to/from RapidIO.

  x x    [ ]   RapidIO subsystem debug messages                                    x x  

Say Y here if you want the RapidIO subsystem to produce a bunch of debug messages to the system log.

  x x    [*]   IDT Tsi57x SRIO switches support                                    x x  

Includes support for IDT Tsi57x family of serial RapidIO switches.

  x x    [*]   IDT CPS-xx SRIO switches support                                    x x  

Includes support for IDT CPS-16/12/10/8 serial RapidIO switches.

  x x    [*]   Tsi568 SRIO switch support                                          x x  

Includes support for IDT Tsi568 serial RapidIO switch.

  x x    [*]   IDT CPS Gen.2 SRIO switch support                                   x x  

ncludes support for ITD CPS Gen.2 serial RapidIO switches. 

  x x    [*]   Tsi500 Parallel RapidIO switch support

Includes support for IDT Tsi500 parallel RapidIO switch.