UVALive 6665 Dragon’s Cruller (BFS + 优先队列+hash)

题目链接:传送门

题意:

一个九宫格,给定你初始状态和结束状态,每次横向移动和纵向移动都有一定的花费,

问从初始状态到结束状态的最小花费。

分析:

BFS,用优先队列维护到达当前状态的最优值,用hash判断当前的状态是否达到过。

代码如下:

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdio>
#include <algorithm>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;

const int INF = 1e9+7777;

int fac[9]= {1,1,2,6,24,120,720,5040,40320}; //康托展开,用来hash


struct nod {
    int mp[9],pos,cost;
    bool operator <(const struct nod &tmp)const {
        return this->cost > tmp.cost;
    }
} P;

int dx[4]= {1,-1,0,0};
int dy[4]= {0,0,-1,1};
int s[9],e[9];
int cv,ch;
int vis[40320*9+100];

int getHashVal(int *a) { //hash得到hash值。
    int val = 0;
    for(int i=0; i<9; i++) {
        int cnt=0;
        for(int j=0; j<i; j++) cnt+=(a[j]>a[i]);
        val+=cnt*fac[i];
    }
    return val;
}

bool check(nod tmp) {
    int cnt = 0;
    for(int i=0; i<9; i++)
        cnt+=(tmp.mp[i]==e[i]);
    return cnt==9;
}

int BFS(nod st) {
    priority_queue<nod> Q;
    Q.push(st);
    vis[getHashVal(st.mp)]=0;
    while(!Q.empty()) {
        nod top = Q.top();
        Q.pop();
        if(check(top)) {
            return top.cost;
        }
        for(int i=0; i<4; i++) {
            int tmppos = top.pos;
            int nowx = (top.pos/3+dx[i]+3)%3;//转换
            int nowy = top.pos%3+dy[i];
            if(nowy==3){
                nowy=0;
                nowx=(nowx+1)%3;
            }
            if(nowy==-1){
                nowy=2;
                nowx=(nowx-1+3)%3;
            }
            swap(top.mp[nowx*3+nowy],top.mp[tmppos]);
            if(i<2) top.cost+=cv;
            else top.cost+=ch;
            top.pos=nowx*3+nowy;
            int val = getHashVal(top.mp);
            if(top.cost<vis[val]) {
                Q.push(top);
                vis[val]=top.cost;
            }
            swap(top.mp[nowx*3+nowy],top.mp[tmppos]);
            if(i<2) top.cost-=cv;
            else top.cost-=ch;
            top.pos=tmppos;
        }
    }
}

nod init() {
    nod st;
    for(int i=0; i<40320*9+100; i++) vis[i]=INF;
    for(int i=0; i<9; i++) {
        st.mp[i]=s[i];
        if(s[i]==0) st.pos=i;
    }
    st.cost=0;
    return st;
}

int main() {
    while(~scanf("%d%d",&ch,&cv)) {
        if(cv==0&&ch==0) break;
        for(int i=0; i<9; i++) scanf("%d",s+i);
        for(int i=0; i<9; i++) scanf("%d",e+i);
        printf("%d\n",BFS(init()));
    }
    return 0;
}

/*
4 9
6 3 0
8 1 2
4 5 7
6 3 0
8 1 2
4 5 7
31 31
4 3 6
0 1 5
8 2 7
0 3 6
4 1 5
8 2 7
92 4
1 5 3
4 0 7
8 2 6
1 5 0
4 7 3
8 2 6
12 28
3 4 5
0 2 6
7 1 8
5 7 1
8 6 2
0 3 4


0
31
96
312
*/


 

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