完美LFS教程,教你建立你自己的个性化Linux

备注:曾经看过<手把手教你如何建立自己的Linux系统>,但是制作后还是有些问题,一开始以为是自己打错了,后来发现其实是教程里漏掉一部分内容。所以自己又写了个详尽版本的,我已经成功进去了,所以这个版本没有问题。至于中途退出怎么重进的问题,我这里没有写,你可以在Vmware保存镜像,也可以用计算机休眠来保存状态,或者查看《把手教你如何建立自己的Linux系统

准备工作

 Vmware 7.1

SecureCRT

# 为了保证成功率,这里使用了livecd

lfslivecd-x86-6.3-r2145.iso

 

Vmware 设置,除了内存你自己设置大点,大于256M最好,我设置的是640M,还有网络连接,你选择桥接,也就是bridge,也就是第一个。其他的均默认

启动VMware,进入系统后按回车

选择时区,上海

选择locale,chinese 简体 utf8

然后直接回车

看到 root[~]#: 后

 

#这里你有两个选择,手动输入和复制黏贴输入,如果手动输入,你不需要使用 SecureCRT,如果你是使用复制黏贴,那么就用。建议使用复制黏贴,因为手动输入很容易错误,如果你使用SecureCRT,建议首先输入:

#--------------------------------------------

修改管理员密码

#--------------------------------------------

passwd root

 

#--------------------------------------------

# 打开 sshd链接

#--------------------------------------------

/etc/rc.d/init.d/sshd start

 

#--------------------------------------------

查看 Ip 地址,从图中看到,我这里是 192.168.118.137,因为使用Vmware,每次都不同哦

#--------------------------------------------

ifconfig


 

#--------------------------------------------

然后是使用 SecureCRT登入

#--------------------------------------------


 

#密码就是上面设置的 root 密码


 

登入成功了。下面可以在SecureCRT进行操作,Vmware 缩小就可以,不要关闭哦。


 

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 用SecureCRT登入虚拟机,下面的操作开始可以在 SecureCRT 下面进行

# 在 SecureCRT 中可以使用复制黏贴,为了防止你打字出错,建议直接使用复制黏贴

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 因为 VMware 默认是 SCSI 所以我这里是 sda ,如果你设置的是 IDE,那么你就是hda

cfdisk /dev/sda


 选择 New  --> Primary 新建分区,sda1设置为你在VMware中设置的内存的大小作为 swarp区,而剩余的分为一个区

然后点 write ,输入 yes 保存后 Quit


 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# New --> Primary --> [大小为你设置的虚拟内存大小,我设置的是1024] ---> Beginning

# New --> Primary --> [剩余大小,我直接按回车,全部选择] ---> Beginning

# 选择 Write , 输入 yes

# 选择 Quite 完成分区,下面开始格式化[这里要注意,如果你一开始用虚拟器设置硬盘是SCSI的话,后面是 sda1 而不是 hda1]

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# mke2fs -jv 设置的是 ext3 格式,至于为什么建立ext3,因为比较帅

mkswap /dev/sda1

mke2fs -jv /dev/sda2

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 下面开始准备工作,首先是预设一下 LFS 变量为 /mnt/ls 路径,这样做方面下面的重复操作

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

export LFS=/mnt/lfs

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 加载/dev/sda2 到 /mnt/lfs 下

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

mkdir -pv $LFS

mount -v -t ext3 /dev/sda2 $LFS

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

使用swap

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

/sbin/swapon -v /dev/sda1

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 创建 sources 作为存放源程序的文件夹,并且设置该文件夹可读写权限

# 相关知识点:

#  chmod a+wt是将目录或文件的属性设置为1777,这样任何人都可以对其进行读写。

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

mkdir -v $LFS/sources

chmod -v a+wt $LFS/sources

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 创建工具链目录,用来存放编译好的编译新软件使用的工具

# ln 是将这个目录在 / [根目录]下创造一个链接,这样就能直接用 /tools 访问 /mnt/lfs/tools 了

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

mkdir -v $LFS/tools

ln -sv $LFS/tools /

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 创建 lfs 用户组和 lfs 账户

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

groupadd lfs

useradd -s /bin/bash -g lfs -m -k /dev/null lfs

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 设置 lfs 密码,为空就行

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

passwd lfs

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 将tools和sources目录的用户改为lfs,以便后面使用lfs来操作这两个目录

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

chown -v lfs $LFS/tools

chown -v lfs $LFS/sources

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 登入到 lfs 用户,这是一会发现原来 root[~]# 变成了 lfs[~]$

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

su - lfs

 

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 建立lfs用户的环境

# 创建 bash_profile 文件

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

cat > ~/.bash_profile << "EOF"

exec env -i HOME=$HOME TERM=$TERM PS1='\u:\w\$ ' /bin/bash

EOF

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 创建 bashrc 文件

# 这里如果是在 SecureCRT 登入的话 TERM 是 vt100

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

cat > ~/.bashrc << "EOF"
set +h
umask 022
LFS=/mnt/lfs
LC_ALL=POSIX
PATH=/tools/bin:/bin:/usr/bin
export LFS LC_ALL PATH
EOF

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 用新配置登入 bash

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

source ~/.bash_profile

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 进入编译目录

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

cd $LFS/sources

 

# 每个程序安装完都要删除解压的目录,以防止后面出现问题

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Binutils-2.17 - Pass 1 安装

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf /lfs-sources/binutils-2.17.tar.bz2

cd binutils-2.17

mkdir -v ../binutils-build

cd ../binutils-build

CC="gcc -B/usr/bin/" ../binutils-2.17/configure \

    --prefix=/tools --disable-nls --disable-werror

make

make install

make -C ld clean

make -C ld LIB_PATH=/tools/lib
cp -v ld/ld-new /tools/bin

cd ..

rm -rf binutils-build

rm -rf binutils-2.17

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# GCC-4.1.2 - Pass 1 安装

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf /lfs-sources/gcc-4.1.2.tar.bz2

mkdir -v gcc-build

cd gcc-build

CC="gcc -B/usr/bin/" ../gcc-4.1.2/configure --prefix=/tools \
    --with-local-prefix=/tools --disable-nls --enable-shared \
    --enable-languages=c

make bootstrap

make install

ln -vs gcc /tools/bin/cc

cd ..

rm -rf gcc-build

rm -rf gcc-4.1.2

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Linux-2.6.22.5 API Headers 安装

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf /lfs-sources/linux-2.6.22.5.tar.bz2

cd linux-2.6.22.5

make mrproper

make headers_check

make INSTALL_HDR_PATH=dest headers_install

cp -rv dest/include/* /tools/include

cd ..

rm -rf linux-2.6.22.5

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Glibc-2.5.1 安装

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf /lfs-sources/glibc-2.5.1.tar.bz2

cd glibc-2.5.1

mkdir -v ../glibc-build

cd ../glibc-build

../glibc-2.5.1/configure --prefix=/tools \
    --disable-profile --enable-add-ons \
    --enable-kernel=2.6.0 --with-binutils=/tools/bin \
    --without-gd --with-headers=/tools/include \
    --without-selinux

make

mkdir -v /tools/etc

touch /tools/etc/ld.so.conf

make install

cd ..

rm -rf glibc-build

rm -rf glibc-2.5.1

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 调整一下工具链,就是用现在的工具链代替原来的那个

# 相关知识点:

#  工具链的调整方法有好几种,而且不同版本GCC的specs可能会有不同,但实际上都是把specs文件中的/lib/ld-linux.so.2替换成了/tools/lib/ld-linux.so.2,所以即使有些文章在调整工具链上的命令和LFS手册上的不一样也不用太奇怪,当然也可以直接用gcc -dumpspecs导出后手工直接编辑specs文件。

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

mv -v /tools/bin/{ld,ld-old}

mv -v /tools/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/bin/{ld,ld-old}

mv -v /tools/bin/{ld-new,ld}

ln -sv /tools/bin/ld /tools/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/bin/ld

gcc -dumpspecs | sed 's@^/lib/ld-linux.so.2@/tools&@g' \

  > `dirname $(gcc -print-libgcc-file-name)`/specs

GCC_INCLUDEDIR=`dirname $(gcc -print-libgcc-file-name)`/include &&

find ${GCC_INCLUDEDIR}/* -maxdepth 0 -xtype d -exec rm -rvf '{}' \; &&

rm -vf `grep -l "DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE" ${GCC_INCLUDEDIR}/*` &&

unset GCC_INCLUDEDIR

 

# *******************************************************************

# 测试工具链的调整

# 可做可不做

# *******************************************************************

#echo 'main(){}' > dummy.c

#cc dummy.c

#readelf -l a.out | grep 'tools'

#############################################################

# 如果输出大致如下

# [Requesting program interpreter: /tools/lib/ld-linux.so.2]

# 则表示调整成功,因为所有的库已经连接到了/tools/lib下。

##############################################################

#rm -v a.out dummy.c

 

#*******************************************************************

# 测试工具的安装

# 这部分将安装3个用于第六章各种源码包编译后的测试的工具,所以如果你不打算做make check之类的事情,那么这3个包可以不装。

# 我没有装,make check 好累

#*******************************************************************

# Tcl-8.4.15 Expect-5.43.0 DejaGNU-1.4.4

#*******************************************************************

#tar xvf /lfs-sources/tcl8.4.15-src.tar.gz

#cd tcl8.4.15/unix

#./configure --prefix=/tools

#make

#TZ=UTC make test

#make install

#make install-private-headers

#ln -sv tclsh8.4 /tools/bin/tclsh

#cd $LFS/sources

#tar xvf /lfs-sources/expect-5.43.0.tar.gz

#cd expect-5.43

#patch -Np1 -i /lfs-sources/expect-5.43.0-spawn-1.patch

#cp configure{,.bak}

#sed 's:/usr/local/bin:/bin:' configure.bak > configure

#./configure --prefix=/tools --with-tcl=/tools/lib --with-tclinclude=/tools/include --with-x=no

#make

#make SCRIPTS="" install

#cd $LFS/sources

#tar xvf /lfs-sources/dejagnu-1.4.4.tar.gz

#cd dejagnu-1.4.4

#./configure --prefix=/tools

#make install

#cd ..

#rm -rf tcl8.4.15

#rm -rf expect-5.43

#rm -rf dejagnu-1.4.4

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# GCC-4.1.2 - Pass 2

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf /lfs-sources/gcc-4.1.2.tar.bz2

cd gcc-4.1.2

expect -c "spawn ls"

cp -v gcc/Makefile.in{,.orig}

sed 's@\./fixinc\.sh@-c true@' gcc/Makefile.in.orig > gcc/Makefile.in

cp -v gcc/Makefile.in{,.tmp}

sed 's/^XCFLAGS =$/& -fomit-frame-pointer/' gcc/Makefile.in.tmp > gcc/Makefile.in

patch -Np1 -i /lfs-sources/gcc-4.1.2-specs-1.patch

mkdir -v ../gcc-build

cd ../gcc-build

../gcc-4.1.2/configure --prefix=/tools \

--with-local-prefix=/tools --enable-clocale=gnu \

--enable-shared --enable-threads=posix \

--enable-__cxa_atexit --enable-languages=c,c++ \

--disable-libstdcxx-pch

make

make -k check

make install

cd ..

rm -rf gcc-build

rm -rf gcc-4.1.2

 

#*******************************************************************

# 再次测试工具链的调整,以确保刚刚编译的gcc正确工作

#*******************************************************************

echo 'main(){}' > dummy.c

cc dummy.c

readelf -l a.out | grep 'tools'

# 如果输出大致如下

# [Requesting program interpreter: /tools/lib/ld-linux.so.2]

# 则表示调整成功,因为所有的库已经连接到了/tools/lib下。

rm -v a.out dummy.c

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Binutils-2.17 - Pass 2

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf /lfs-sources/binutils-2.17.tar.bz2

mkdir -v binutils-build

cd binutils-build

../binutils-2.17/configure --prefix=/tools --disable-nls --with-lib-path=/tools/lib

make

make install

make -C ld clean

make -C ld LIB_PATH=/usr/lib:/lib

cp -v ld/ld-new /tools/bin

cd ..

rm -rf binutils-build

rm -rf binutils-2.17

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Ncurses-5.6

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf /lfs-sources/ncurses-5.6.tar.gz

cd ncurses-5.6

./configure --prefix=/tools --with-shared --without-debug --without-ada --enable-overwrite

make

make install

cd ..

rm -rf ncurses-5.6

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Bash-3.2

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf /lfs-sources/bash-3.2.tar.gz

cd bash-3.2

patch -Np1 -i /lfs-sources/bash-3.2-fixes-5.patch

./configure --prefix=/tools --without-bash-malloc

make

make install

ln -vs bash /tools/bin/sh

cd ..

rm -rf bash-3.2

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Bzip2-1.0.4

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf /lfs-sources/bzip2-1.0.4.tar.gz

cd bzip2-1.0.4

make

make PREFIX=/tools install

cd ..

rm -rf bzip2-1.0.4

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Coreutils-6.9

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf /lfs-sources/coreutils-6.9.tar.bz2

cd coreutils-6.9

./configure --prefix=/tools

make

make install

cp -v src/su /tools/bin/su-tools

cd ..

rm -rf coreutils-6.9

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Diffutils-2.8.1

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf /lfs-sources/diffutils-2.8.1.tar.gz

cd diffutils-2.8.1

./configure --prefix=/tools

make

make install

cd ..

rm -rf diffutils-2.8.1

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Findutils-4.2.31

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf /lfs-sources/findutils-4.2.31.tar.gz

cd findutils-4.2.31

./configure --prefix=/tools

make

make install

cd ..

rm -rf findutils-4.2.31

 

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Gawk-3.1.5

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf /lfs-sources/gawk-3.1.5.tar.bz2

cd gawk-3.1.5

./configure --prefix=/tools

cat >> config.h << "EOF"

#define HAVE_LANGINFO_CODESET 1

#define HAVE_LC_MESSAGES 1

EOF

make

make install

cd ..

rm -rf gawk-3.1.5

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Gettext-0.16.1

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf /lfs-sources/gettext-0.16.1.tar.gz

cd gettext-0.16.1

cd gettext-tools

./configure --prefix=/tools --disable-shared

make -C gnulib-lib

make -C src msgfmt

cp -v src/msgfmt /tools/bin

cd $LFS/sources

rm -rf gettext-0.16.1

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Grep-2.5.1a

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf /lfs-sources/grep-2.5.1a.tar.bz2

cd grep-2.5.1a

./configure --prefix=/tools --disable-perl-regexp

make

make install

cd ..

rm -rf grep-2.5.1a

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Gzip-1.3.12

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf /lfs-sources/gzip-1.3.12.tar.gz

cd gzip-1.3.12

./configure --prefix=/tools

make

make install

cd ..

rm -rf gzip-1.3.12

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Make-3.81

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf /lfs-sources/make-3.81.tar.bz2

cd make-3.81

./configure --prefix=/tools

make

make install

cd ..

rm -rf make-3.81

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Patch-2.5.4

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf /lfs-sources/patch-2.5.4.tar.gz

cd patch-2.5.4

./configure --prefix=/tools

make

make install

cd ..

rm -rf patch-2.5.4

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Perl-5.8.8

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf /lfs-sources/perl-5.8.8.tar.bz2

cd perl-5.8.8

patch -Np1 -i /lfs-sources/perl-5.8.8-libc-2.patch

./configure.gnu --prefix=/tools -Dstatic_ext='Data/Dumper Fcntl IO POSIX'

make perl utilities

cp -v perl pod/pod2man /tools/bin

mkdir -pv /tools/lib/perl5/5.8.8

cp -Rv lib/* /tools/lib/perl5/5.8.8

cd ..

rm -rf perl-5.8.8

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Sed-4.1.5

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf /lfs-sources/sed-4.1.5.tar.gz

cd sed-4.1.5

./configure --prefix=/tools

make

make install

cd ..

rm -rf sed-4.1.5

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Tar-1.18

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf /lfs-sources/tar-1.18.tar.bz2

cd tar-1.18

./configure --prefix=/tools

make

make install

cd ..

rm -rf tar-1.18

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Texinfo-4.9

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf /lfs-sources/texinfo-4.9.tar.bz2

cd texinfo-4.9

./configure --prefix=/tools

make

make install

cd ..

rm -rf texinfo-4.9

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Util-linux-2.12r

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf /lfs-sources/util-linux-2.12r.tar.bz2

cd util-linux-2.12r

sed -i 's@/usr/include@/tools/include@g' configure

./configure

make -C lib

make -C mount mount umount

make -C text-utils more

cp -v mount/{,u}mount text-utils/more /tools/bin

cd ..

rm -rf util-linux-2.12r

 

#********************************************************************

# Stripping 可有可无

#********************************************************************

strip --strip-debug /tools/lib/*

strip --strip-unneeded /tools/{,s}bin/*

rm -rf /tools/{info,man}

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 退出lfs用户(这步不要少了)

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

exit

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 从现在开始不在需要lfs用户来制作系统了,因此我们改回来权限

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

chown -R root:root $LFS/tools

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 创建三个重要目录

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

mkdir -pv $LFS/{dev,proc,sys}

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 创建两个目标系统所必须的设备文件

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

mknod -m 600 $LFS/dev/console c 5 1

mknod -m 666 $LFS/dev/null c 1 3

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 利用主系统加载几个重要的文件系统,请注意这个步骤对于后面的工作极其重要。

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

mount -v --bind /dev $LFS/dev

mount -vt devpts devpts $LFS/dev/pts

mount -vt tmpfs shm $LFS/dev/shm

mount -vt proc proc $LFS/proc

mount -vt sysfs sysfs $LFS/sys

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 将lfs-sources里面所有源码包复制到$LFS/sources目录中,这步对于后面在第六章使用源代码将非常方便

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

cp -a /lfs-sources/* $LFS/sources/

 

#********************************************************************

# 为了方便在制作完后的系统能够直接显示中文,这里可以从网络上下载显示UTF-8编码文字的内核补丁

# 不需要的话,可以不装

#********************************************************************

cd $LFS/sources/

wget http://zdbr.net.cn/download/utf8-kernel-2.6.22.5-core-1.patch.bz2

wget http://zdbr.net.cn/download/utf8-kernel-2.6.22.5-fonts-1.patch.bz2

bunzip2 utf8-kernel-2.6.22.5-core-1.patch.bz2

bunzip2 utf8-kernel-2.6.22.5-fonts-1.patch.bz2

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Chroot到目标系统的目录下,以便不受主系统的影响来制作目标系统

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

chroot "$LFS" /tools/bin/env -i HOME=/root TERM="$TERM" PS1='\u:\w\$ ' PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/tools/bin /tools/bin/bash --login +h

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 建立目标系统的目录结构

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

mkdir -pv /{bin,boot,etc/opt,home,lib,mnt,opt}

mkdir -pv /{media/{floppy,cdrom},sbin,srv,var}

install -dv -m 0750 /root

install -dv -m 1777 /tmp /var/tmp

mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}{bin,include,lib,sbin,src}

mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{doc,info,locale,man}

mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/{misc,terminfo,zoneinfo}

mkdir -pv /usr/{,local/}share/man/man{1..8}

for dir in /usr /usr/local; do

ln -sv share/{man,doc,info} $dir

done

mkdir -pv /var/{lock,log,mail,run,spool}

mkdir -pv /var/{opt,cache,lib/{misc,locate},local}

 

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 创建几个必要的链接,因为在目标系统的编译过程中,部分编译程序会用绝对路径来寻找命令或文件

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

ln -sv /tools/bin/{bash,cat,echo,grep,pwd,stty} /bin

ln -sv /tools/bin/perl /usr/bin

ln -sv /tools/lib/libgcc_s.so{,.1} /usr/lib

ln -sv /tools/lib/libstdc++.so{,.6} /usr/lib

ln -sv bash /bin/sh

touch /etc/mtab

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 创建root及nobody用户和必要的组

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

cat > /etc/passwd << "EOF"

root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash

nobody:x:99:99:Unprivileged User:/dev/null:/bin/false

EOF

cat > /etc/group << "EOF"

root:x:0:

bin:x:1:

sys:x:2:

kmem:x:3:

tty:x:4:

tape:x:5:

daemon:x:6:

floppy:x:7:

disk:x:8:

lp:x:9:

dialout:x:10:

audio:x:11:

video:x:12:

utmp:x:13:

usb:x:14:

cdrom:x:15:

mail:x:34:

nogroup:x:99:

EOF

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 重新加载bash,以使root用户起效,这样前面的提示符就不会是“I have no name!”

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

exec /tools/bin/bash --login +h

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 创建和设置几个临时文件和日志文件。

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

touch /var/run/utmp /var/log/{btmp,lastlog,wtmp}

chgrp -v utmp /var/run/utmp /var/log/lastlog

chmod -v 664 /var/run/utmp /var/log/lastlog

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 开始目标系统软件安装。进入到源码目录下

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

cd /sources

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 设置 LFS

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

export LFS=/sources

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Linux-2.6.22.5

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/linux-2.6.22.5.tar.bz2

cd linux-2.6.22.5

sed -i '/scsi/d' include/Kbuild

make mrproper

make headers_check

make INSTALL_HDR_PATH=dest headers_install

cp -rv dest/include/* /usr/include

cd ..

rm -rf linux-2.6.22.5

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Man-pages-2.63

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/man-pages-2.63.tar.bz2

cd man-pages-2.63

make install

cd ..

rm -rf man-pages-2.63

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Glibc-2.5.1,会出错,忽略

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/glibc-2.5.1.tar.bz2

cd glibc-2.5.1

tar -xvf $LFS/glibc-libidn-2.5.1.tar.gz

mv glibc-libidn-2.5.1 libidn

sed -i '/vi_VN.TCVN/d' localedata/SUPPORTED

sed -i 's|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=/lib/ld-linux.so.2 -o|' \

   scripts/test-installation.pl

sed -i 's|@BASH@|/bin/bash|' elf/ldd.bash.in

mkdir -v ../glibc-build

cd ../glibc-build

../glibc-2.5.1/configure --prefix=/usr \

--disable-profile --enable-add-ons \

--enable-kernel=2.6.0 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc

make

make -k check 2>&1 | tee glibc-check-log

grep Error glibc-check-log

touch /etc/ld.so.conf

make install

make localedata/install-locales

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 建立几个重要文件:

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

cat > /etc/nsswitch.conf << "EOF"

# Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf

passwd: files

group: files

shadow: files

hosts: files dns

networks: files

protocols: files

services: files

ethers: files

rpc: files

# End /etc/nsswitch.conf

EOF

tzselect

cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime

cat > /etc/ld.so.conf << "EOF"
# Begin /etc/ld.so.conf

/usr/local/lib
/opt/lib

# End /etc/ld.so.conf
EOF

 

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 删除 Glibc 编译目录

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

cd ..

rm -rf glibc-build

rm -rf glibc-2.5.1

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 调整工具链

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

mv -v /tools/bin/{ld,ld-old}

mv -v /tools/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/bin/{ld,ld-old}

mv -v /tools/bin/{ld-new,ld}

ln -sv /tools/bin/ld /tools/$(gcc -dumpmachine)/bin/ld

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 调整specs文件

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

gcc -dumpspecs | sed \

-e 's@/tools/lib/ld-linux.so.2@/lib/ld-linux.so.2@g' \

-e '/\*startfile_prefix_spec:/{n;s@.*@/usr/lib/ @}' \

-e '/\*cpp:/{n;s@$@ -isystem /usr/include@}' > \

`dirname $(gcc --print-libgcc-file-name)`/specs

 

#********************************************************************

# 测试工具链是否被调整成功,可以不进行

#********************************************************************

#echo 'main(){}' > dummy.c

#cc dummy.c -v -Wl,--verbose &> dummy.log

#readelf -l a.out | grep '/lib'

#如果显示[Requesting program interpreter: /lib/ld-linux.so.2]表示调整成功,动态库已经连接到了目标系统的/lib下。

#grep -o '/usr/lib.*/crt[1in].*succeeded' dummy.log

#应该显示

#  /usr/lib/crt1.o succeeded

#  /usr/lib/crti.o succeeded

#  /usr/lib/crtn.o succeeded

#grep -B1 '^ /usr/include' dummy.log

#应该显示

#  #include <...> search starts here:

#   /usr/include

#grep 'SEARCH.*/usr/lib' dummy.log |sed 's|; |\n|g'

#应该显示

#  SEARCH_DIR("/tools/i686-pc-linux-gnu/lib")

#  SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib")

#  SEARCH_DIR("/lib");

#grep "/lib/libc.so.6 " dummy.log

#应该显示

#  attempt to open /lib/libc.so.6 succeeded

#grep found dummy.log

#应该显示

#  found ld-linux.so.2 at /lib/ld-linux.so.2

#如果上面均显示正常,那么表明工具链调整成功,可以删除测试文件了

#rm -v dummy.c a.out dummy.log

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Binutils-2.17

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/binutils-2.17.tar.bz2

expect -c "spawn ls"

mkdir binutils-build

cd binutils-build

../binutils-2.17/configure --prefix=/usr --enable-shared

make tooldir=/usr

 

# 由于前面没有装测试用的工具,所以我这里就不用测试了

#make check

 

make tooldir=/usr install

cp -v ../binutils-2.17/include/libiberty.h /usr/include

cd ..

rm -rf binutils-build

rm -rf binutils-2.17

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# GCC-4.1.2

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/gcc-4.1.2.tar.bz2

cd gcc-4.1.2

sed -i 's/install_to_$(INSTALL_DEST) //' libiberty/Makefile.in

sed -i 's/^XCFLAGS =$/& -fomit-frame-pointer/' gcc/Makefile.in

sed -i 's@\./fixinc\.sh@-c true@' gcc/Makefile.in

sed -i 's/@have_mktemp_command@/yes/' gcc/gccbug.in

mkdir -v ../gcc-build

cd ../gcc-build

../gcc-4.1.2/configure --prefix=/usr \

--libexecdir=/usr/lib --enable-shared \

--enable-threads=posix --enable-__cxa_atexit \

--enable-clocale=gnu --enable-languages=c,c++

make

 

# 由于前面没有装测试用的工具,所以我这里就不用测试了

#make  -k check

 

make install

ln -sv ../usr/bin/cpp /lib

ln -sv gcc /usr/bin/cc

cd ..

rm -rf gcc-build

rm -rf gcc-4.1.2

 

#********************************************************************

# 重新测试工具链是否正确,确定GCC是否安装正确,可做可不做

#********************************************************************

#echo 'main(){}' > dummy.c

#cc dummy.c -v -Wl,--verbose &> dummy.log

#readelf -l a.out | grep 'lib'

#如果显示[Requesting program interpreter: /lib/ld-linux.so.2]表示链接位置正确,动态库已经连接到了目标系统的/lib下。

#grep -o '/usr/lib.*/crt[1in].*succeeded' dummy.log

#应该显示

#  /usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.1.2/../../../crt1.o succeeded

#  /usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.1.2/../../../crti.o succeeded

#  /usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.1.2/../../../crtn.o succeeded

#grep -B3 '^ /usr/include' dummy.log

#应该显示

#  #include <...> search starts here:

#   /usr/local/include

#   /usr/lib/gcc/i686-pc-linux-gnu/4.1.2/include

#   /usr/include

#grep 'SEARCH.*/usr/lib' dummy.log |sed 's|; |\n|g'

#应该显示

#  SEARCH_DIR("/usr/i686-pc-linux-gnu/lib")

#  SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib")

#  SEARCH_DIR("/lib")

#  SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib");

#grep "/lib/libc.so.6 " dummy.log

#应该显示

#  attempt to open /lib/libc.so.6 succeeded

#grep found dummy.log

#应该显示

#  found ld-linux.so.2 at /lib/ld-linux.so.2

#如果上面均显示正常,那么表明工具链正常,可以删除测试文件了

#rm -v dummy.c a.out dummy.log

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Berkeley DB-4.5.20

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/db-4.5.20.tar.gz

cd db-4.5.20

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/db-4.5.20-fixes-1.patch

cd build_unix

../dist/configure --prefix=/usr --enable-compat185 --enable-cxx

make

make docdir=/usr/share/doc/db-4.5.20 install

chown -Rv root:root /usr/share/doc/db-4.5.20

cd /sources

rm -rf db-4.5.20

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Sed-4.1.5

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/sed-4.1.5.tar.gz

cd sed-4.1.5

./configure --prefix=/usr --bindir=/bin --enable-html

make

 

# 如果前面没有安装测试工具,可以不测试

#make check

 

make install

cd ..

rm -rf sed-4.1.5

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# E2fsprogs-1.40.2

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/e2fsprogs-1.40.2.tar.gz

cd e2fsprogs-1.40.2

sed -i -e 's@/bin/rm@/tools&@' lib/blkid/test_probe.in

mkdir -v build

cd build

../configure --prefix=/usr --with-root-prefix="" \

--enable-elf-shlibs

make

 

# 如果前面没有安装测试工具,可以不测试

#make check

 

make install

make install-libs

cd ../..

rm -rf e2fsprogs-1.40.2

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Coreutils-6.9

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/coreutils-6.9.tar.bz2

cd coreutils-6.9

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/coreutils-6.9-uname-1.patch

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/coreutils-6.9-suppress_uptime_kill_su-1.patch

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/coreutils-6.9-i18n-1.patch

chmod +x tests/sort/sort-mb-tests

./configure --prefix=/usr

make

 

#*********************************************************************

# 测试,可测可不侧

#*********************************************************************

#make NON_ROOT_USERNAME=nobody check-root

#echo "dummy:x:1000:nobody" >> /etc/group

#su-tools nobody -s /bin/bash -c "make RUN_EXPENSIVE_TESTS=yes check"

#sed -i '/dummy/d' /etc/group

#*********************************************************************

 

make install

mv -v /usr/bin/{cat,chgrp,chmod,chown,cp,date,dd,df,echo} /bin

mv -v /usr/bin/{false,hostname,ln,ls,mkdir,mknod,mv,pwd,readlink,rm} /bin

mv -v /usr/bin/{rmdir,stty,sync,true,uname} /bin

mv -v /usr/bin/chroot /usr/sbin

mv -v /usr/bin/{head,sleep,nice} /bin

cd ..

rm -rf coreutils-6.9

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Iana-Etc-2.20

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/iana-etc-2.20.tar.bz2

cd iana-etc-2.20

make

make install

cd ..

rm -rf iana-etc-2.20

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# M4-1.4.10

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/m4-1.4.10.tar.bz2

cd m4-1.4.10

./configure --prefix=/usr

make

 

# 如果前面没有安装测试工具,可以不测试

#make check

 

make install

cd ..

rm -rf m4-1.4.10

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Bison-2.3

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/bison-2.3.tar.bz2

cd bison-2.3

./configure --prefix=/usr

echo '#define YYENABLE_NLS 1' >> config.h

make

 

# 如果前面没有安装测试工具,可以不测试

#make check

 

make install

cd ..

rm -rf bison-2.3

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Ncurses-5.6

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/ncurses-5.6.tar.gz

cd ncurses-5.6

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/ncurses-5.6-coverity_fixes-1.patch

./configure --prefix=/usr --with-shared --without-debug --enable-widec

make

make install

chmod -v 644 /usr/lib/libncurses++w.a

mv -v /usr/lib/libncursesw.so.5* /lib

ln -sfv ../../lib/libncursesw.so.5 /usr/lib/libncursesw.so

for lib in curses ncurses form panel menu ; do \

rm -vf /usr/lib/lib${lib}.so ; \

echo "INPUT(-l${lib}w)" >/usr/lib/lib${lib}.so ; \

ln -sfv lib${lib}w.a /usr/lib/lib${lib}.a ; \

done

ln -sfv libncurses++w.a /usr/lib/libncurses++.a

rm -vf /usr/lib/libcursesw.so

echo "INPUT(-lncursesw)" >/usr/lib/libcursesw.so

ln -sfv libncurses.so /usr/lib/libcurses.so

ln -sfv libncursesw.a /usr/lib/libcursesw.a

ln -sfv libncurses.a /usr/lib/libcurses.a

cd ..

rm -rf ncurses-5.6

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Procps-3.2.7

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/procps-3.2.7.tar.gz

cd procps-3.2.7

make

make install

cd ..

rm -rf procps-3.2.7

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Libtool-1.5.24

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/libtool-1.5.24.tar.gz

cd libtool-1.5.24

./configure --prefix=/usr

make

 

# 如果前面没有安装测试工具,可以不测试

#make check

 

make install

cd ..

rm -rf libtool-1.5.24

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Perl-5.8.8

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/perl-5.8.8.tar.bz2

cd perl-5.8.8

echo "127.0.0.1 localhost $(hostname)" > /etc/hosts

./configure.gnu --prefix=/usr \

    -Dman1dir=/usr/share/man/man1 \

    -Dman3dir=/usr/share/man/man3 \

    -Dpager="/usr/bin/less -isR"

make

 

# 如果前面没有安装测试工具,可以不测试

#make check

 

make install

cd ..

rm -rf perl-5.8.8

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Readline-5.2

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/readline-5.2.tar.gz

cd readline-5.2

sed -i '/MV.*old/d' Makefile.in

sed -i '/{OLDSUFF}/c:' support/shlib-install

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/readline-5.2-fixes-3.patch

./configure --prefix=/usr --libdir=/lib

make SHLIB_XLDFLAGS=-lncurses

make install

mv -v /lib/lib{readline,history}.a /usr/lib

rm -v /lib/lib{readline,history}.so

ln -sfv ../../lib/libreadline.so.5 /usr/lib/libreadline.so

ln -sfv ../../lib/libhistory.so.5 /usr/lib/libhistory.so

cd ..

rm -rf readline-5.2

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Zlib-1.2.3

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz

cd zlib-1.2.3

./configure --prefix=/usr --shared --libdir=/lib

make

 

# 如果前面没有安装测试工具,可以不测试

#make check

 

make install

rm -v /lib/libz.so

ln -sfv ../../lib/libz.so.1.2.3 /usr/lib/libz.so

make clean

./configure --prefix=/usr

make

 

# 如果前面没有安装测试工具,可以不测试

#make check

 

make install

chmod -v 644 /usr/lib/libz.a

cd ..

rm -rf zlib-1.2.3

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Autoconf-2.61

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/autoconf-2.61.tar.bz2

cd autoconf-2.61

./configure --prefix=/usr

make

 

# 如果前面没有安装测试工具,可以不测试

#make check

 

make install

cd ..

rm -rf autoconf-2.61

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Automake-1.10

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/automake-1.10.tar.bz2

cd automake-1.10

./configure --prefix=/usr

make

 

# 如果前面没有安装测试工具,可以不测试

#make check

 

make install

cd ..

rm -rf automake-1.10

 

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Bash-3.2

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/bash-3.2.tar.gz

cd bash-3.2

tar -xvf $LFS/bash-doc-3.2.tar.gz &&

sed -i "s|htmldir = @htmldir@|htmldir = /usr/share/doc/bash-3.2|" Makefile.in

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/bash-3.2-fixes-5.patch

./configure --prefix=/usr --bindir=/bin --without-bash-malloc --with-installed-readline

make

 

#*********************************************************************

# 测试

#*********************************************************************

#sed -i 's/LANG/LC_ALL/' tests/intl.tests

#sed -i 's@tests@& </dev/tty@' tests/run-test

#chown -Rv nobody ./

#su-tools nobody -s /bin/bash -c "make tests"

#*********************************************************************

 

make install

cd ..

rm -rf bash-3.2

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 应用 bash

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

exec /bin/bash --login +h

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Bzip2-1.0.4

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/bzip2-1.0.4.tar.gz

cd bzip2-1.0.4

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/bzip2-1.0.4-install_docs-1.patch

make -f Makefile-libbz2_so

make clean

make

make PREFIX=/usr install

cp -v bzip2-shared /bin/bzip2

cp -av libbz2.so* /lib

ln -sv ../../lib/libbz2.so.1.0 /usr/lib/libbz2.so

rm -v /usr/bin/{bunzip2,bzcat,bzip2}

ln -sv bzip2 /bin/bunzip2

ln -sv bzip2 /bin/bzcat

cd ..

rm -rf bzip2-1.0.4

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Diffutils-2.8.1

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/diffutils-2.8.1.tar.gz

cd diffutils-2.8.1

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/diffutils-2.8.1-i18n-1.patch

touch man/diff.1

./configure --prefix=/usr

make

make install

cd ..

rm -rf diffutils-2.8.1

 

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# File-4.21

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/file-4.21.tar.gz

cd file-4.21

./configure --prefix=/usr

make

make install

cd ..

rm -rf file-4.21

 

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Findutils-4.2.31

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/findutils-4.2.31.tar.gz

cd findutils-4.2.31

./configure --prefix=/usr --libexecdir=/usr/lib/findutils --localstatedir=/var/lib/locate

make

 

# 如果前面没有安装测试工具,可以不测试

#make check

 

make install

mv -v /usr/bin/find /bin

sed -i -e 's/find:=${BINDIR}/find:=\/bin/' /usr/bin/updatedb

cd ..

rm -rf findutils-4.2.31

 

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Flex-2.5.33

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/flex-2.5.33.tar.bz2

cd flex-2.5.33

./configure --prefix=/usr

make

 

# 如果前面没有安装测试工具,可以不测试

#make check

 

make install

ln -sv libfl.a /usr/lib/libl.a

cat > /usr/bin/lex << "EOF"

#!/bin/sh

# Begin /usr/bin/lex

exec /usr/bin/flex -l "$@"

# End /usr/bin/lex

EOF

chmod -v 755 /usr/bin/lex

cd ..

rm -rf flex-2.5.33

 

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# GRUB-0.97

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/grub-0.97.tar.gz

cd grub-0.97

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/grub-0.97-disk_geometry-1.patch

./configure --prefix=/usr

make

 

# 如果前面没有安装测试工具,可以不测试

#make check

 

make install

mkdir -v /boot/grub

cp -v /usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/stage{1,2} /boot/grub

这里要注意,如果你格式化时候是用的 xfs,那么就复制 xfs_stage1_5

cp -v /usr/lib/grub/i386-pc/e2fs_stage1_5 /boot/grub

cd ..

rm -rf grub-0.97

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Gawk-3.1.5

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/gawk-3.1.5.tar.bz2

cd gawk-3.1.5

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/gawk-3.1.5-segfault_fix-1.patch

./configure --prefix=/usr --libexecdir=/usr/lib

cat >> config.h << "EOF"

#define HAVE_LANGINFO_CODESET 1

#define HAVE_LC_MESSAGES 1

EOF

make

 

# 如果前面没有安装测试工具,可以不测试

#make check

 

make install

cd ..

rm -rf gawk-3.1.5

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Gettext-0.16.1

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/gettext-0.16.1.tar.gz

cd gettext-0.16.1

./configure --prefix=/usr

make

 

# 如果前面没有安装测试工具,可以不测试

#make check

 

make install

cd ..

rm -rf gettext-0.16.1

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Grep-2.5.1a

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/grep-2.5.1a.tar.bz2

cd grep-2.5.1a

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/grep-2.5.1a-redhat_fixes-2.patch

chmod +x tests/fmbtest.sh

./configure --prefix=/usr --bindir=/bin

make

 

# 如果前面没有安装测试工具,可以不测试

#make check

 

make install

cd ..

rm -rf grep-2.5.1a

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Groff-1.18.1.4

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/groff-1.18.1.4.tar.gz

cd groff-1.18.1.4

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/groff-1.18.1.4-debian_fixes-1.patch

sed -i -e 's/2010/002D/' -e 's/2212/002D/' \

-e 's/2018/0060/' -e 's/2019/0027/' font/devutf8/R.proto

PAGE=A4 ./configure --prefix=/usr --enable-multibyte

make

make install

ln -sv eqn /usr/bin/geqn

ln -sv tbl /usr/bin/gtbl

cd ..

rm -rf groff-1.18.1.4

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Gzip-1.3.12

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/gzip-1.3.12.tar.gz

cd gzip-1.3.12

./configure --prefix=/usr --bindir=/bin

make

 

# 如果前面没有安装测试工具,可以不测试

#make check

 

make install

mv -v /bin/{gzexe,uncompress,zcmp,zdiff,zegrep} /usr/bin

mv -v /bin/{zfgrep,zforce,zgrep,zless,zmore,znew} /usr/bin

cd ..

rm -rf gzip-1.3.12

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Inetutils-1.5

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/inetutils-1.5.tar.gz

cd inetutils-1.5

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/inetutils-1.5-no_server_man_pages-2.patch

./configure --prefix=/usr --libexecdir=/usr/sbin \

--sysconfdir=/etc --localstatedir=/var \

--disable-ifconfig --disable-logger --disable-syslogd \

--disable-whois --disable-servers

make

make install

mv -v /usr/bin/ping /bin

cd ..

rm -rf inetutils-1.5

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# IPRoute2-2.6.20-070313

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/iproute2-2.6.20-070313.tar.gz

cd iproute-2.6.20-070313

sed -i -e '/tc-bfifo.8/d' -e '/tc-pfifo.8/s/pbfifo/bfifo/' Makefile

make SBINDIR=/sbin

make SBINDIR=/sbin install

mv -v /sbin/arpd /usr/sbin

cd ..

rm -rf iproute-2.6.20-070313

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Kbd-1.12

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/kbd-1.12.tar.bz2

cd kbd-1.12

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/kbd-1.12-backspace-1.patch

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/kbd-1.12-gcc4_fixes-1.patch

./configure --datadir=/lib/kbd

make

make install

mv -v /usr/bin/{kbd_mode,openvt,setfont} /bin

cd ..

rm -rf kbd-1.12

 

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Less-406

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/less-406.tar.gz

cd less-406

./configure --prefix=/usr --sysconfdir=/etc

make

make install

cd ..

rm -rf less-406

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Make-3.81

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/make-3.81.tar.bz2

cd make-3.81

./configure --prefix=/usr

make

 

# 如果前面没有安装测试工具,可以不测试

#make check

 

make install

cd ..

rm -rf make-3.81

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Man-DB-2.4.4

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/man-db-2.4.4.tar.gz

cd man-db-2.4.4

mv man/de{_DE.88591,}

mv man/es{_ES.88591,}

mv man/it{_IT.88591,}

sed -i 's,\*_\*,??,' man/Makefile.in

sed -i -e '\%\t/usr/man%d' -e '\%\t/usr/local/man%d' src/man_db.conf.in

cat >> include/manconfig.h.in << "EOF"

#define WEB_BROWSER "exec /usr/bin/lynx"

#define COL "/usr/bin/col"

#define VGRIND "/usr/bin/vgrind"

#define GRAP "/usr/bin/grap"

EOF

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/man-db-2.4.4-fixes-1.patch

./configure --prefix=/usr --enable-mb-groff --disable-setuid

make

make install

 

cat >> convert-mans << "EOF"

#!/bin/sh -e

FROM="$1"

TO="$2"

shift ; shift

while [ $# -gt 0 ]

do

   FILE="$1"

   shift

   iconv -f "$FROM" -t "$TO" "$FILE" >.tmp.iconv

   mv .tmp.iconv "$FILE"

done

EOF

 

install -m755 convert-mans  /usr/bin

cd ..

rm -rf man-db-2.4.4

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Mktemp-1.5

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/mktemp-1.5.tar.gz

cd mktemp-1.5

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/mktemp-1.5-add_tempfile-3.patch

./configure --prefix=/usr --with-libc

make

make install

make install-tempfile

cd ..

rm -rf mktemp-1.5

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Module-Init-Tools-3.2.2

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/module-init-tools-3.2.2.tar.bz2

cd module-init-tools-3.2.2

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/module-init-tools-3.2.2-modprobe-1.patch

./configure

make check

make distclean

./configure --prefix=/ --enable-zlib

make

make INSTALL=install install

cd ..

rm -rf module-init-tools-3.2.2

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Patch-2.5.4

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/patch-2.5.4.tar.gz

cd patch-2.5.4

./configure --prefix=/usr

make

make install

cd ..

rm -rf patch-2.5.4

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Psmisc-22.5

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/psmisc-22.5.tar.gz

cd psmisc-22.5

./configure --prefix=/usr --exec-prefix=""

make

make install

mv -v /bin/pstree* /usr/bin

ln -sv killall /bin/pidof

cd ..

rm -rf psmisc-22.5

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Shadow-4.0.18.1

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/shadow-4.0.18.1.tar.bz2

cd shadow-4.0.18.1

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/shadow-4.0.18.1-useradd_fix-2.patch

./configure --libdir=/lib --sysconfdir=/etc --enable-shared --without-selinux

sed -i 's/groups$(EXEEXT) //' src/Makefile

find man -name Makefile -exec sed -i 's/groups\.1 / /' {} \;

sed -i -e 's@#MD5_CRYPT_ENAB.no@MD5_CRYPT_ENAB yes@' \

-e 's@/var/spool/mail@/var/mail@' etc/login.defs

make

make install

mv -v /usr/bin/passwd /bin

mv -v /lib/libshadow.*a /usr/lib

rm -v /lib/libshadow.so

ln -sfv ../../lib/libshadow.so.0 /usr/lib/libshadow.so

 

# 配置增加用户的默认设置

pwconv

grpconv

useradd -D -b /home

sed -i 's/yes/no/' /etc/default/useradd

 

# 修改root用户密码

passwd root

 

cd ..

rm -rf shadow-4.0.18.1

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Sysklogd-1.4.1

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/sysklogd-1.4.1.tar.gz

cd sysklogd-1.4.1

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/sysklogd-1.4.1-fixes-2.patch

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/sysklogd-1.4.1-8bit-1.patch

make

make install

 

cat > /etc/syslog.conf << "EOF"

# Begin /etc/syslog.conf

auth,authpriv.* -/var/log/auth.log

*.*;auth,authpriv.none -/var/log/sys.log

daemon.* -/var/log/daemon.log

kern.* -/var/log/kern.log

mail.* -/var/log/mail.log

user.* -/var/log/user.log

*.emerg *

# End /etc/syslog.conf

EOF

 

cd ..

rm -rf sysklogd-1.4.1

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Sysvinit-2.86

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/sysvinit-2.86.tar.gz

cd sysvinit-2.86

sed -i 's@Sending processes@& configured via /etc/inittab@g' src/init.c

make -C src

make -C src install

 

cat > /etc/inittab << "EOF"

# Begin /etc/inittab

id:3:initdefault:

si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc sysinit

l0:0:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 0

l1:S1:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 1

l2:2:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 2

l3:3:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 3

l4:4:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 4

l5:5:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 5

l6:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 6

ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -r now

su:S016:once:/sbin/sulogin

1:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty1 9600

2:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty2 9600

3:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty3 9600

4:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty4 9600

5:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty5 9600

6:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty6 9600

# End /etc/inittab

EOF

 

cd ..

rm -rf sysvinit-2.86

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Tar-1.18

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/tar-1.18.tar.bz2

cd tar-1.18

./configure --prefix=/usr --bindir=/bin --libexecdir=/usr/sbin

make

 

# 如果前面没有安装测试工具,可以不测试

#make check

 

make install

cd ..

rm -rf tar-1.18

 

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Texinfo-4.9

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/texinfo-4.9.tar.bz2

cd texinfo-4.9

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/texinfo-4.9-multibyte-1.patch

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/texinfo-4.9-tempfile_fix-1.patch

./configure --prefix=/usr

make

 

# 如果前面没有安装测试工具,可以不测试

#make check

 

make install

make TEXMF=/usr/share/texmf install-tex

 

cd /usr/share/info

rm dir

for f in *

do install-info $f dir 2>/dev/null

done

 

cd /sources

rm -rf texinfo-4.9

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Udev-113

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/udev-113.tar.bz2

cd udev-113

tar -xvf $LFS/udev-config-6.3.tar.bz2

install -dv /lib/{firmware,udev/devices/{pts,shm}}

mknod -m0666 /lib/udev/devices/null c 1 3

ln -sv /proc/self/fd /lib/udev/devices/fd

ln -sv /proc/self/fd/0 /lib/udev/devices/stdin

ln -sv /proc/self/fd/1 /lib/udev/devices/stdout

ln -sv /proc/self/fd/2 /lib/udev/devices/stderr

ln -sv /proc/kcore /lib/udev/devices/core

make EXTRAS="`echo extras/*/`"

 

# 没有安装不用测试

#make test

 

make DESTDIR=/ EXTRAS="`echo extras/*/`" install

cp -v etc/udev/rules.d/[0-9]* /etc/udev/rules.d/

cd udev-config-6.3

make install

make install-doc

make install-extra-doc

cd ..

install -m644 -v docs/writing_udev_rules/index.html \

/usr/share/doc/udev-113/index.html

cd ..

rm -rf udev-113

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Util-linux-2.12r

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/util-linux-2.12r.tar.bz2

cd util-linux-2.12r

sed -e 's@etc/adjtime@var/lib/hwclock/adjtime@g' \

-i $(grep -rl '/etc/adjtime' .)

mkdir -pv /var/lib/hwclock

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/util-linux-2.12r-cramfs-1.patch

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/util-linux-2.12r-lseek-1.patch

./configure

make HAVE_KILL=yes HAVE_SLN=yes

make HAVE_KILL=yes HAVE_SLN=yes install

cd ..

rm -rf util-linux-2.12r

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# Vim-7.1

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/vim-7.1.tar.bz2

tar xvf $LFS/vim-7.1-lang.tar.gz

cd vim71

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/vim-7.1-fixes-1.patch

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/vim-7.1-mandir-1.patch

echo '#define SYS_VIMRC_FILE "/etc/vimrc"' >> src/feature.h

./configure --prefix=/usr --enable-multibyte

make

 

# 没有安装不用测试

#make test

 

make install

ln -sv vim /usr/bin/vi

for L in "" fr it pl ru; do

ln -sv vim.1 /usr/share/man/$L/man1/vi.1

done

ln -sv ../vim/vim71/doc /usr/share/doc/vim-7.1

 

cat > /etc/vimrc << "EOF"

" Begin /etc/vimrc

set nocompatible

set backspace=2

syntax on

if (&term == "iterm") || (&term == "putty")

set background=dark

endif

" End /etc/vimrc

EOF

 

cd ..

rm -rf vim71

 

# 退出choroot

logout

 

# 为Strip而进入chroot环境

chroot $LFS /tools/bin/env -i \

HOME=/root TERM=$TERM PS1='\u:\w\$ ' \

PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin \

/tools/bin/bash --login

 

/tools/bin/find /{,usr/}{bin,lib,sbin} -type f \

-exec /tools/bin/strip --strip-debug '{}' ';'

 

# 退出chroot环境

logout

 

# 为最后的设置进入chroot环境

chroot "$LFS" /usr/bin/env -i \

HOME=/root TERM="$TERM" PS1='\u:\w\$ ' \

PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin \

/bin/bash --login

cd /sources

export LFS=/sources

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# LFS-Bootscripts-6.3

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

tar xvf $LFS/lfs-bootscripts-6.3.tar.bz2

cd lfs-bootscripts-6.3

make install

cd ..

rm -rf lfs-bootscripts-6.3

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 时间设置(Configuring the setclock Script)

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

cat > /etc/sysconfig/clock << "EOF"

# Begin /etc/sysconfig/clock

UTC=1

# End /etc/sysconfig/clock

EOF

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 设置bash下的键盘功能键设置

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

cat > /etc/inputrc << "EOF"

set horizontal-scroll-mode Off

set meta-flag On

set input-meta On

set convert-meta Off

set output-meta On

set bell-style none

"\eOd": backward-word

"\eOc": forward-word

"\e[1~": beginning-of-line

"\e[4~": end-of-line

"\e[5~": beginning-of-history

"\e[6~": end-of-history

"\e[3~": delete-char

"\e[2~": quoted-insert

"\eOH": beginning-of-line

"\eOF": end-of-line

"\e[H": beginning-of-line

"\e[F": end-of-line

EOF

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 设置Bash Shell启动文件(The Bash Shell Startup Files

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

cat > /etc/profile << "EOF"

# Begin /etc/profile

export LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8

export INPUTRC=/etc/inputrc

alias ls="ls --color"

export PS1='\u:\w\$ '

# End /etc/profile

EOF

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 设置本地网络名

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# mylinux就是你设置的主机名,这个随便你喜欢

echo "HOSTNAME=mylinux" > /etc/sysconfig/network

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 设置hosts文件

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# mylinux就是你设置的主机名

cat > /etc/hosts << "EOF"

# Begin /etc/hosts (no network card version)

127.0.0.1 mylinux localhost

# End /etc/hosts (no network card version)

EOF

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 设置网络的静态地址

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

cd /etc/sysconfig/network-devices
mkdir -v ifconfig.eth0
cat > ifconfig.eth0/ipv4 << "EOF"
ONBOOT=yes
SERVICE=ipv4-static
IP=192.168.1.1
GATEWAY=192.168.1.2
PREFIX=24
BROADCAST=192.168.1.255
EOF

 

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 设置DNS

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

cat > /etc/resolv.conf << "EOF"

# Begin /etc/resolv.conf

nameserver 你的首个DNS的地址

nameserver 你的第二DNS的地址

# End /etc/resolv.conf

EOF

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 建立fstab文件 注意:这里的磁盘名以及文件系统名需要根据实际情况修改。

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

这里按你格式化时候的选择,如果是 IDE硬盘,那么前面是 /dev/hda…. 如果是scsi硬盘就和我一样是sda

还有type 我这里是ext3,你按你自己的东西设置

cat > /etc/fstab << "EOF"

# Begin /etc/fstab

# file system  mount-point  type   options         dump  fsck

#                                                        order

/dev/sda2       /            ext3  defaults        1     1

/dev/sda1       swap         swap   pri=1           0     0

proc              /proc        proc   defaults        0     0

sysfs             /sys         sysfs  defaults        0     0

devpts          /dev/pts     devpts gid=4,mode=620  0     0

shm              /dev/shm     tmpfs  defaults        0     0

# End /etc/fstab

EOF

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

# 安装内核Linux-2.6.22.5

#--------------------------------------------------------------------

cd /sources

tar xvf $LFS/linux-2.6.22.5.tar.bz2

cd linux-2.6.22.5

 

#安装显示UTF-8编码文字的补丁

#如果之前下载了UTF-8编码文字显示补丁,那么这里可以将这两个补丁打入内核

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/utf8-kernel-2.6.22.5-core-1.patch

patch -Np1 -i $LFS/utf8-kernel-2.6.22.5-fonts-1.patch

 

# 安装

make mrproper

make menuconfig

 

#在构建LFS的host系统上,运行lspci命令,列出机器的硬件信息

#在硬件信息中,查找 IDE interface 或 SATA Controller 或 SAS Controller 等关键字,得到到硬盘控制器的型号

#根据你的机器实际情况配置内核选项,这里为了说明方便,以VMWare7.1为基础虚拟的硬件来配置内核

#如果在建立虚拟机的时候是选择的BusLogic的SCSI磁盘,那么应该在Device Drivers->SCSI device support->SCSI low-level drivers下加入BusLogic SCSI support的支持,可以采用编译到内核来避免未用initrd脚本来加载模块而导致启动失败

 

#这里要注意,如果如果你用的是SCSI硬盘,那么你要选择去掉General setup -->Create deprecated sysfs files 前面的星

#在内核配置中,把对应的驱动程序编译到内核(不能编译成模块)。对 IDE硬盘,驱动程序在Device Drivers-->ATA/ATAPI/MFM/RLL配置项下找;对于 SATA硬盘,驱动程序在Device Driver-->SCSI device support-->SCSI low-level drivers配置项下找。

 

 

#如果想支持网络则应该在Device Drivers->Networking support->Ethernet (10 or 100Mbit)加入AMD PCnet32 PCI support的支持,可以采用编译到内核也可以编译成模块的方式

 

#如果想支持声卡则应该在Device Drivers->Sound->Advanced Linux Sound Architecture->PCI devices加入(Creative) Ensoniq AudioPCI 1371/1373的支持,编译成模块即可

 

#文件系统的支持,需要根据之前将目标系统分区格式化的情况而定,使用了什么文件系统就需要加入该文件系统的支持,因之前采用的是Xfs文件系统,因此在File Systems->XFS support加入XFS的支持,可以采用编译到内核来避免未用initrd脚本来加载模块而导致启动失败

 

#如果之前给内核加入了显示UTF-8编码文字的补丁的话,那么这里需要加入framebuffer的支持才能使补丁生效,在Device Drivers->Graphics support中加入Support for frame buffer devices,并选择上VESA VGA graphics supports,这里将其编译到内核中

 

#同时还需要加入framebuffer字体支持,在Device Drivers->Graphics support->Console display driver support中加入Framebuffer Console support并选择上Select compiled-in fonts,选上VGA 8x16 font这一种字体就可以了,这里将这些选择都编译到内核中

 

#---------------------------------------------------------------------

# 保存并退出

#---------------------------------------------------------------------

make

make modules_install

cp -v arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/lfskernel-2.6.22.5

cp -v System.map /boot/System.map-2.6.22.5

cp -v .config /boot/config-2.6.22.5

install -d /usr/share/doc/linux-2.6.22.5

cp -r Documentation/* /usr/share/doc/linux-2.6.22.5

 

#---------------------------------------------------------------------

# 安装Grub,使系统能启动,这里设置需要根据情况而修改,这里以之前介绍的分区设置为例:

#---------------------------------------------------------------------

grub

root (hd0,1)

setup (hd0)

quit

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

设置 grub 菜单,这里也要注意了,最后第二句 root=/dev/sda2 如果你是IDE那么就是hda

#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

cat > /boot/grub/menu.lst << "EOF"

# Begin /boot/grub/menu.lst

# By default boot the first menu entry.

default 0

# Allow 30 seconds before booting the default.

timeout 30

# Use prettier colors.

color green/black light-green/black

# The first entry is for LFS.

title LFS 6.3

root (hd0,1)

kernel /boot/lfskernel-2.6.22.5 root=/dev/sda2 vga=788

EOF

 

#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

menu.lst链接到 /etc

#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

mkdir -v /etc/grub

ln -sv /boot/grub/menu.lst /etc/grub

 

退出

logout

 

重启

reboot

#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

后记:花了一个星期,终于完成了LFS,虽然原本也看了教程,但是我发现如果完整的按照教程做还是会出错的,我经过了几次的修改才最终完成了这样一个系统,感到非常有成就感,期间想过放弃,但是朋友的鼓励最终让我坚持到了最后,我非常非常开心,看着自己的LFS,现在看起来虽然功能很简单,但是她是我亲自花了很多时间做的,我做了很多次,一次一次的,直到开始怀疑自己的智力水平,呵呵,不过最终还是坚持到了最后,下面是我的LFS的截图,希望给在我后面的朋友以鼓励。

完美LFS教程,教你建立你自己的个性化Linux_第1张图片


完美LFS教程,教你建立你自己的个性化Linux_第2张图片




转自:http://yazku.blog.163.com/blog/static/12355625520103260561361/
 评论这张
转发至微博

你可能感兴趣的:(完美LFS教程,教你建立你自己的个性化Linux)