C# 获取IP和MAC地址
扫描局域网IP列表的几种方法
很多软件都有获知局域网在线计算机IP的功能，但是在.net怎么实现呢，有好多方法，
下面我给大家介绍几种，供大家参考。
1、微软社区上介绍了使用Active Directory 来遍历局域网
利用DirectoryEntry组件来查看网络
网址：http://www.microsoft.com/china/communITy/program/originalarticles/techdoc/DirectoryEntry.mspx
private void EnumComputers()
{
using(DirectoryEntry root = new DirectoryEntry("WinNT:"))
{
foreach(DirectoryEntry domain in root.Children)
{
Console.WriteLine("Domain | WorkGroup: "+domain.Name);
foreach(DirectoryEntry computer in domain.Children)
{
Console.WriteLine("Computer: "+computer.Name);
}
}
}
}
效果评价：速度慢，效率低，还有一个无效结果 Computer: Schema 使用的过程中注意虑掉。
2、利用Dns.GetHostByAddress和IPHostEntry遍历局域网
private void EnumComputers()
{
for (int i = 1; i <= 255; i++)
{
string scanIP = "192.168.0." + i.ToString();
IPAddress myScanIP = IPAddress.Parse(scanIP);
IPHostEntry myScanHost = null;
try
{
myScanHost = Dns.GetHostByAddress(myScanIP);
}
catch
{
continue;
}
if (myScanHost != null)
{
Console.WriteLine(scanIP+"|"+myScanHost.HostName);
}
}
}
效果评价：效率低，速度慢，不是一般的慢。
3、使用System.Net.NetworkInformation.Ping来遍历局域网
private void EnumComputers()
{
try
{
for (int i = 1; i <= 255; i++)
{
Ping myPing;
myPing = new Ping();
myPing.PingCompleted += new PingCompletedEventHandler(_myPing_PingCompleted);
string pingIP = "192.168.0." + i.ToString();
myPing.SendAsync(pingIP, 1000, null);
}
}
catch
{
}
}
PRIVATE void _myPing_PingCompleted(object sender, PingCompletedEventArgs e)
{
if (e.Reply.Status == IPStatus.Success)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Reply.Address.ToString() + "|" + Dns.GetHostByAddress(IPAddress.Parse(e.Reply.Address.ToString())).HostName);
}
}
效果评价：速度快，效率高，如果只取在线的IP，不取计算机名，速度会更快。
需要注意的是取计算机名称如果用Dns.GetHostByAddress取计算机名称，结果虽然正确，但VS2005会提示该方法已过时，但仍能使用。
如果用它推荐的替代方法Dns.GetHostEntry，则有个别计算机的名称会因超时而获得不到。
获取局域网内的IP和MAC地址代码如下：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.NetworkInformation;
namespace MacApp
{
public partial class Form1 : Form
{
[DllImport("ws2_32.dll")]
private static extern int inet_addr(string cp);
[DllImport("IPHLPAPI.dll")]
private static extern int SendARP(Int32 DestIP, Int32 SrcIP, ref Int64 pMacAddr, ref Int32 PhyAddrLen);
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
richTextBox1.Text = GetMacAddress(textBox1.Text);//获取远程IP（不能跨网段）的MAC地址
}
private string GetMacAddress(string hostip)//获取远程IP（不能跨网段）的MAC地址
{
string Mac = "";
try
{
Int32 ldest = inet_addr(hostip); //将IP地址从 点数格式转换成无符号长整型
Int64 macinfo = new Int64();
Int32 len = 6;
SendARP(ldest, 0, ref macinfo, ref len);
string TmpMac = Convert.ToString(macinfo, 16).PadLeft(12, '0');//转换成16进制 注意有些没有十二位
Mac = TmpMac.Substring(0, 2).ToUpper();//
for (int i = 2; i < TmpMac.Length; i = i + 2)
{
Mac = TmpMac.Substring(i, 2).ToUpper() + "-" + Mac;
}
}
catch (Exception Mye)
{
Mac = "获取远程主机的MAC错误：" + Mye.Message;
}
return Mac;
}
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (Dns.GetHostEntry(Dns.GetHostName()).AddressList.Length > 0)
{
textBox1.Text = Dns.GetHostEntry(Dns.GetHostName()).AddressList[0].ToString();//获取本机IP地址
}
}
private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
{
EnumComputers(i);
}
}
private void EnumComputers(int n)
{
try
{
for (int i = 1; i <= 255; i++)
{
Ping myPing;
myPing = new Ping();
myPing.PingCompleted += new PingCompletedEventHandler(myPing_PingCompleted);
string pingIP = "192.168." + n.ToString() + "." + i.ToString();
myPing.SendAsync(pingIP, 1000, null);
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
}
private void myPing_PingCompleted(object sender, PingCompletedEventArgs e)
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
if (e.Reply.Status == IPStatus.Success)
{
sb.Append("IP:" + e.Reply.Address.ToString() + "/r/n");
string mac = GetMacAddress(e.Reply.Address.ToString());
sb.Append("MAC:" + mac + "/r/n");
}
this.textBox2.Text += sb.ToString();
}
}
}