【Linux4.1.12源码分析】协议栈gro收包之MAC层处理

<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">网卡驱动接收到报文后,通过netif_receive_skb提交报文到协议栈处理,由于网络设备MTU一般都设置为1500,对于TCP报文如果收到报文后就提交给协议栈处理是非常低效的,一般是通过聚合后再提交给协议栈,可以极大的降低内核的开销。 内核提供了napi_gro_receive函数,通过该函数可以实现报文聚合后再提交给协议栈。</span>

1、napi_gro_receive函数

gro_result_t napi_gro_receive(struct napi_struct *napi, struct sk_buff *skb)
{
	trace_napi_gro_receive_entry(skb);

	skb_gro_reset_offset(skb);	//初始化NAPI_GRO_CB结构体

	return napi_skb_finish(dev_gro_receive(napi, skb), skb);	//gro收包并提交给协议栈处理,dev_gro_receive函数的返回值决定如何处理报文
}
2、napi_skb_finish函数

static gro_result_t napi_skb_finish(gro_result_t ret, struct sk_buff *skb)
{
	switch (ret) {
	case GRO_NORMAL:
		if (netif_receive_skb_internal(skb))	//返回值为normal,则直接提交报文给协议栈
			ret = GRO_DROP;
		break;

	case GRO_DROP:
		kfree_skb(skb);
		break;

	case GRO_MERGED_FREE:
		if (NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->free == NAPI_GRO_FREE_STOLEN_HEAD)	//报文已经merge,需要释放skb
			kmem_cache_free(skbuff_head_cache, skb);
		else
			__kfree_skb(skb);
		break;

	case GRO_HELD:
	case GRO_MERGED:		//报文已经被保存到gro_list中,不要求释放skb
		break;
	}

	return ret;
}
3、dev_gro_receive函数

static enum gro_result dev_gro_receive(struct napi_struct *napi, struct sk_buff *skb)
{
	struct sk_buff **pp = NULL;
	struct packet_offload *ptype;
	__be16 type = skb->protocol;
	struct list_head *head = &offload_base;		//packet_offload链表
	int same_flow;
	enum gro_result ret;
	int grow;

	if (!(skb->dev->features & NETIF_F_GRO))	//如果设备不支持GRO,则直接提交报文给协议栈处理
		goto normal;

	if (skb_is_gso(skb) || skb_has_frag_list(skb) || skb->csum_bad)	//如果报文是GSO报文,包含frag_list,或csum_bad则提交给协议栈处理
		goto normal;

	gro_list_prepare(napi, skb);	//遍历gro_list中的报文和当前报文是否同流,相同的入口设备、vlan_tci、mac头相同

	rcu_read_lock();
	list_for_each_entry_rcu(ptype, head, list) {	//遍历packet_offload链表,找到和当前协议相同的packet_offload,IP报文为ip_packet_offload
		if (ptype->type != type || !ptype->callbacks.gro_receive)
			continue;

		skb_set_network_header(skb, skb_gro_offset(skb));	//设置network header,驱动调用napi_gro_receive前需要把报文移到network header
		skb_reset_mac_len(skb);	//设置mac长度
		NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->same_flow = 0;
		NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->flush = 0;
		NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->free = 0;
		NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->udp_mark = 0;
		NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->gro_remcsum_start = 0;

		/* Setup for GRO checksum validation */
		switch (skb->ip_summed) {		//根据ip_summed字段初始化参数
		case CHECKSUM_COMPLETE:
			NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->csum = skb->csum;
			NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->csum_valid = 1;
			NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->csum_cnt = 0;
			break;
		case CHECKSUM_UNNECESSARY:
			NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->csum_cnt = skb->csum_level + 1;
			NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->csum_valid = 0;
			break;
		default:
			NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->csum_cnt = 0;
			NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->csum_valid = 0;
		}

		pp = ptype->callbacks.gro_receive(&napi->gro_list, skb);	//调用网络层的gro_receive函数
		break;
	}
	rcu_read_unlock();

	if (&ptype->list == head)	//没有匹配到packet_offload对象,则直接提交报文给协议栈
		goto normal;

	same_flow = NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->same_flow;	//网络层gro_receive处理后,same_flow可能被刷新
	ret = NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->free ? GRO_MERGED_FREE : GRO_MERGED;

	if (pp) {	//如果pp不为空,说明该报文需要提交给协议栈
		struct sk_buff *nskb = *pp;

		*pp = nskb->next;
		nskb->next = NULL;
		napi_gro_complete(nskb);	//提交给协议栈
		napi->gro_count--;
	}

	if (same_flow)		//如果是相同的流,则返回GRO_MERGED_FREE 或 GRO_MERGED,报文不会被提交给协议栈
		goto ok;

	if (NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->flush)	//未匹配到流,且flush被置1,则直接提交报文给协议栈
		goto normal;

	if (unlikely(napi->gro_count >= MAX_GRO_SKBS)) {	//gro_list中的报文超过了设定值
		struct sk_buff *nskb = napi->gro_list;

		/* locate the end of the list to select the 'oldest' flow */
		while (nskb->next) {
			pp = &nskb->next;
			nskb = *pp;
		}
		*pp = NULL;
		nskb->next = NULL;
		napi_gro_complete(nskb);	//取出最早的报文,提交给协议栈处理
	} else {
		napi->gro_count++;
	}
	NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->count = 1;		//未匹配到流,且flush未被置1,则把该报文插入到gro_list中,待以后匹配处理
	NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->age = jiffies;
	NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->last = skb;
	skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_size = skb_gro_len(skb);
	skb->next = napi->gro_list;
	napi->gro_list = skb;
	ret = GRO_HELD;

pull:
	grow = skb_gro_offset(skb) - skb_headlen(skb);	
	if (grow > 0)	//当前数据偏移如果超过线性区,则需要扩展线性区,线性区长度由驱动保证够用
		gro_pull_from_frag0(skb, grow);		//扩展报文线性区
ok:
	return ret;

normal:
	ret = GRO_NORMAL;
	goto pull;
}

4、napi_gro_complete函数

static int napi_gro_complete(struct sk_buff *skb)
{
	struct packet_offload *ptype;
	__be16 type = skb->protocol;
	struct list_head *head = &offload_base;
	int err = -ENOENT;

	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct napi_gro_cb) > sizeof(skb->cb));

	if (NAPI_GRO_CB(skb)->count == 1) {		//count等于1,说明只有当前一个报文,直接提交给协议栈
		skb_shinfo(skb)->gso_size = 0;
		goto out;
	}

	rcu_read_lock();
	list_for_each_entry_rcu(ptype, head, list) {
		if (ptype->type != type || !ptype->callbacks.gro_complete)
			continue;

		err = ptype->callbacks.gro_complete(skb, 0);	//调用网络层的gro_complete函数
		break;
	}
	rcu_read_unlock();

	if (err) {
		WARN_ON(&ptype->list == head);
		kfree_skb(skb);
		return NET_RX_SUCCESS;
	}

out:
	return netif_receive_skb_internal(skb);		//提交给网络协议栈
}


MAC层gro收包处理,做如下事情: 1)初始化gro_list报文的same_flow值(比较入口设备、vlan_tci、以及mac头);2)调用网络层gro_receive函数处理;3)针对返回值进行处理,例如报文提交给协议栈、释放skb、什么也不干;4)skb报文聚合完成提交给协议栈;5)太多的skb无法聚合,提交最早的报文到协议栈;

总结下,一个报文有几种命运:

1)当前报文立即被提交给协议栈处理;

2)当前报文被合并到gro_list,不提交给协议栈;

3)gro_list中已合并的报文满足条件被提交给协议栈;

4)gro_list中最早的报文被提交给协议栈;

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