（七）RabbitMQ消息队列-通过fanout模式将消息推送到多个Queue中

前面第六章我们使用的是direct直连模式来进行消息投递和分发。本章将介绍如何使用fanout模式将消息推送到多个队列。
有时我们会遇到这样的情况，多个功能模块都希望得到完整的消息数据。例如一个log的消息，一个我们希望输出在屏幕上实时监控，另外一个用户持久化日志。这时就可以使用fanout模式。fanout模式模式不像direct模式通过routingkey来进行匹配，而是会把消息发送到所以的已经绑定的队列中。

新建fanout.php用来发布消息。ca.php和cb.php用来订阅不同队列消费消息。

fanout.php

<?php /* * RabbitMQ fanout * create by superrd */ $exchangeName = 'log'; $message = 'log--'; $connection = new AMQPConnection(array('host' => '10.99.121.137', 'port' => '5672', 'vhost' => '/', 'login' => 'superrd', 'password' => 'superrd')); $connection->connect() or die("Cannot connect to the broker!\n"); try { $channel = new AMQPChannel($connection); $exchange = new AMQPExchange($channel); $exchange->setName($exchangeName); $exchange->setType(AMQP_EX_TYPE_FANOUT); $exchange->setFlags(AMQP_DURABLE); $exchange->declareExchange(); for($i=0 ; $i<100;$i++){ $exchange->publish($message.$i,""); var_dump("[x] Sent $message $i"); } } catch (AMQPConnectionException $e) { var_dump($e); exit(); } $connection->disconnect();

ca.php

<?php
/* * RabbitMQ fanout 模式 * create by superrd */

$exchangeName = 'log';
$queueName = 'queuea';
$routeKey = '';

$connection = new AMQPConnection(array('host' => '10.99.121.137','port' => '5672', 'vhost' => '/', 'login' => 'superrd', 'password' => 'superrd'));
$connection->connect() or die("Cannot connect to the broker!\n");

$channel = new AMQPChannel($connection);

$exchange = new AMQPExchange($channel);
$exchange->setName($exchangeName);
$exchange->setType(AMQP_EX_TYPE_FANOUT);
$exchange->setFlags(AMQP_DURABLE);
$exchange->declareExchange();

$queue = new AMQPQueue($channel);
$queue->setName($queueName);
$queue->setFlags(AMQP_DURABLE);
$queue->declareQueue();
$queue->bind($exchangeName, $routeKey);

//阻塞模式接收消息
echo "Message:\n";
while(True){
    $queue->consume('processMessage');
    //$queue->consume('processMessage', AMQP_AUTOACK); //自动ACK应答
}

$conn->disconnect();
/** * 消费回调函数 * 处理消息 */
function processMessage($envelope, $q) {
    $msg = $envelope->getBody();
    sleep(1);
    echo $msg."\n"; //处理消息
    $q->ack($envelope->getDeliveryTag()); //手动发送ACK应答
}

cb.php

/* * RabbitMQ fanout 模式 * create by superrd */

$exchangeName = 'log';
$queueName = 'queueb';
$routeKey = '';

$connection = new AMQPConnection(array('host' => '10.99.121.137','port' => '5672', 'vhost' => '/', 'login' => 'superrd', 'password' => 'superrd'));
$connection->connect() or die("Cannot connect to the broker!\n");

$channel = new AMQPChannel($connection);

$exchange = new AMQPExchange($channel);
$exchange->setName($exchangeName);
$exchange->setType(AMQP_EX_TYPE_FANOUT);
$exchange->setFlags(AMQP_DURABLE);
$exchange->declareExchange();

$queue = new AMQPQueue($channel);
$queue->setName($queueName);
$queue->setFlags(AMQP_DURABLE);
$queue->declareQueue();
$queue->bind($exchangeName, $routeKey);

//阻塞模式接收消息
echo "Message:\n";
while(True){
    $queue->consume('processMessage');
    //$queue->consume('processMessage', AMQP_AUTOACK); //自动ACK应答
}

$conn->disconnect();
/** * 消费回调函数 * 处理消息 */
function processMessage($envelope, $q) {
    $msg = $envelope->getBody();
    sleep(1);
    echo $msg."\n"; //处理消息
    $q->ack($envelope->getDeliveryTag()); //手动发送ACK应答
}

可以看到ca和cb收到的消息完全一致。注意以上代码fanout.php中并没有新建队列，所以先运行ca.php和cb.php的脚本，如果先运行fanout.php因为找不到绑定的队列数据就会丢失。
还有一种情况我们有可能随时增加一项处理机制，如果在声明queue时不指定名字，那么RabbitMQ会随机为我们生成一个名字，如果不指定queue为持久化队列那在消息为空并且订阅者为0时自动删除该队列。这样Queue挥之即来呼之即去。

<?php /* * RabbitMQ fanout 模式 * create by superrd */ $exchangeName = 'log'; $connection = new AMQPConnection(array('host' => '10.99.121.137','port' => '5672', 'vhost' => '/', 'login' => 'superrd', 'password' => 'superrd')); $connection->connect() or die("Cannot connect to the broker!\n"); $channel = new AMQPChannel($connection); $exchange = new AMQPExchange($channel); $exchange->setName($exchangeName); $exchange->setType(AMQP_EX_TYPE_FANOUT); $exchange->setFlags(AMQP_DURABLE); $exchange->declareExchange(); $queue = new AMQPQueue($channel); $queue->declareQueue(); $queue->bind($exchangeName, $routeKey); //阻塞模式接收消息 echo "Message:\n"; while(True){ $queue->consume('processMessage'); //$queue->consume('processMessage', AMQP_AUTOACK); //自动ACK应答 } $conn->disconnect(); /** * 消费回调函数 * 处理消息 */ function processMessage($envelope, $q) { $msg = $envelope->getBody(); sleep(1); echo $msg."\n"; //处理消息 $q->ack($envelope->getDeliveryTag()); //手动发送ACK应答 }

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