spring security总结
首先导入spring security所需要的jar包
spring-security-core-2.0.5.RELEASE.jar
spring-security-core-tiger-2.0.5.RELEASE.jar
一.配置过滤器
在web.xml中定义如下过滤器
<filter>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
二.在spring配置文件中添加security的命名空间
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-2.0.4.xsd">
三.在spring配置文中中定义需要保护的资源
<http auto-config='true'>
<intercept-url pattern="/admin.jsp" access="ROLE_ADMIN" />
<intercept-url pattern="/**" access="ROLE_USER" />
</http>
注意intercept-url的先后顺序,spring security使用第一个能匹配的intercept-url标签进行权限控制。
四.使用数据库获取用户权限
<!-- 数据源 -->
<beans:bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<beans:property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></beans:property>
<beans:property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sp"></beans:property>
<beans:property name="username" value="root"></beans:property>
<beans:property name="password" value="root"></beans:property>
</beans:bean>
<!-- 定义用户的权限根据注入的数据源获得 -->
<authentication-provider>
<jdbc-user-service data-source-ref="dataSource"/>
</authentication-provider>
定义权限管理模块的表结构(mysql数据库)
alter table `t_account_role` drop foreign key `FK1C2BC93384B0A30E`;
alter table `t_account_role` drop foreign key `FK1C2BC9332D31C656`;
drop table if exists `t_account_role`;
drop table if exists `t_account`;
drop table if exists `t_role`;
/* 用户表 */
CREATE TABLE `t_account` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`username` varchar(255) default NULL,
`password` varchar(255) default NULL,
`enabled` int default NULL, /* 用户是否禁用 0:禁用 非0:可用*/
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
/* 角色表 */
CREATE TABLE `t_role` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(255) default NULL, /* 角色名 */
`descn` varchar(255) default NULL, /* 角色在spring配置文件中的名字 如ROLE_ADMIN,ROLE_USER*/
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
/* 用户角色中间表 */
CREATE TABLE `t_account_role` (
`a_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`r_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a_id`,`r_id`),
KEY `FK1C2BC9332D31C656` (`r_id`),
KEY `FK1C2BC93371CCC630` (`a_id`),
CONSTRAINT `FK1C2BC93384B0A30E` FOREIGN KEY (`a_id`) REFERENCES `t_account` (`id`),
CONSTRAINT `FK1C2BC9332D31C656` FOREIGN KEY (`r_id`) REFERENCES `t_role` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
/* 初始化数据 */
insert into t_account values(1,'zhangsan','123',1);
insert into t_account values(2,'lisi','321',1);
insert into t_role values(1,'系统管理员','ROLE_ADMIN');
insert into t_role values(2,'普通用户','ROLE_USER');
insert into t_account_role values(1,2);
insert into t_account_role values(2,1);
当用户登录时,spring security首先判断用户是否可以登录。用户登录后spring security获得该用户的
所有权限以判断用户是否可以访问资源。
spring配置文件中定义
<authentication-provider>
<jdbc-user-service data-source-ref="dataSource"
users-by-username-query="select username,password,enabled from t_account where username=?"
authorities-by-username-query="select r.descn from t_account_role ar join
t_account a on ar.a_id=a.id join t_role r on ar.r_id=r.id where a.username=?"/>
</authentication-provider>
users-by-username-query:根据用户名查找用户
authorities-by-username-query:根据用户名查找这个用户所有的角色名,将用户访问的URL地址和
查询结果与<intercept-url pattern="/admin.jsp" access="ROLE_ADMIN" />标签进行匹配。
匹配成功就允许访问,否则就返回到提示页面。
在<http>标签中添加登录页面等信息
<http auto-config='true'>
<intercept-url pattern="/login.jsp" access="IS_AUTHENTICATED_ANONYMOUSLY"/>
<intercept-url pattern="/admin.jsp" access="ROLE_ADMIN" />
<intercept-url pattern="/**" access="ROLE_USER" />
<form-login login-page="/login.jsp"
authentication-failure-url="/error.jsp"
default-target-url="/index.jsp" />
</http>
<intercept-url pattern="/login.jsp" access="IS_AUTHENTICATED_ANONYMOUSLY"/>让没有登录的用户也可以访问登录页面
<form-login login-page="/login.jsp"
authentication-failure-url="/error.jsp"
default-target-url="/index.jsp" />
login-page:当用户登录时显示自定义登录页面
authentication-failure-url:登录失败时跳转到哪个页面
default-target-url:登录成功后跳转到哪个页面
注意:users-by-username-query指定的查询,必须至少按顺序返回3列,列名必须是username,password,enabled
authorities-by-username-query指定的查询,必须至少按顺序返回2列,第一列列名必须是username
第2列必须是权限的名字,与<intercept-url pattern="/admin.jsp" access="ROLE_ADMIN" />中的
access匹配。
不能使用select *
完成的配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-2.0.4.xsd">
<!-- 数据源 -->
<beans:bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<beans:property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></beans:property>
<beans:property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/sp"></beans:property>
<beans:property name="username" value="root"></beans:property>
<beans:property name="password" value="root"></beans:property>
</beans:bean>
<http auto-config='true'>
<intercept-url pattern="/login.jsp" access="IS_AUTHENTICATED_ANONYMOUSLY"/>
<intercept-url pattern="/admin.jsp" access="ROLE_ADMIN" />
<intercept-url pattern="/**" access="ROLE_USER,ROLE_ADMIN" />
<form-login login-page="/login.jsp"
authentication-failure-url="/error.jsp"
default-target-url="/index.jsp" />
</http>
<authentication-provider>
<jdbc-user-service data-source-ref="dataSource"
users-by-username-query="select username,password,enabled from t_account where username=?"
authorities-by-username-query="select a.username,r.descn from t_account_role ar join
t_account a on ar.a_id=a.id join t_role r on ar.r_id=r.id where a.username=?"/>
</authentication-provider>
</beans:beans>
登录页面
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/j_spring_security_check" method="post">
用户: <input type="text" name="j_username" value="${SPRING_SECURITY_LAST_USERNAME}"/><br />
密码: <input type="password" name="j_password"/><br />
<input type="checkbox" name="_spring_security_remember_me" />两周之内不必登陆<br />
<input type="submit" value="登陆"/><input type="reset" value="重置"/>
</form>
页面中输入控件的name属性和form的action地址必须符合spring security的规定
登录失败页面
${SPRING_SECURITY_LAST_EXCEPTION.message} 获取spring生成的异常
将资源信息放入数据库中
表结构
/* 用户表 */
CREATE TABLE `t_account` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`username` varchar(255) default NULL,
`password` varchar(255) default NULL,
`enabled` int default NULL, /* 用户是否禁用 0:禁用 非0:可用*/
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
/* 角色表 */
CREATE TABLE `t_role` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(255) default NULL, /* 角色名 */
`descn` varchar(255) default NULL, /* 角色在spring配置文件中的名字 如ROLE_ADMIN,ROLE_USER*/
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
/* 用户角色中间表 */
CREATE TABLE `t_account_role` (
`a_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`r_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`a_id`,`r_id`),
KEY `FK1C2BC9332D31C656` (`r_id`),
KEY `FK1C2BC93371CCC630` (`a_id`),
CONSTRAINT `FK1C2BC93384B0A30E` FOREIGN KEY (`a_id`) REFERENCES `t_account` (`id`),
CONSTRAINT `FK1C2BC9332D31C656` FOREIGN KEY (`r_id`) REFERENCES `t_role` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
/* 资源表 */
CREATE TABLE `t_module` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`name` varchar(255) default NULL,
`address` varchar(255) default NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
/* 资源角色的中间表 */
CREATE TABLE `t_module_role` (
`m_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`r_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`m_id`,`r_id`),
KEY `FKA713071E2D31C656` (`r_id`),
KEY `FKA713071ED78C9071` (`m_id`),
CONSTRAINT `FKA713071ED78C9071` FOREIGN KEY (`m_id`) REFERENCES `t_module` (`id`),
CONSTRAINT `FKA713071E2D31C656` FOREIGN KEY (`r_id`) REFERENCES `t_role` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
/* 初始化数据 */
insert into t_account values(1,'zhangsan','123',1);
insert into t_account values(2,'lisi','321',1);
insert into t_role values(1,'系统管理员','ROLE_ADMIN');
insert into t_role values(2,'普通用户','ROLE_USER');
insert into t_account_role values(1,2);
insert into t_account_role values(2,1);
insert into t_module values(1,'部门管理','/dept.jsp');
insert into t_module values(2,'人员管理','/emp.jsp');
insert into `t_module_role` values(1,1);
insert into `t_module_role` values(1,2);
insert into `t_module_role` values(2,1);
1.在自定义的过滤器中获取资源的URL地址和角色名以取代spring配置文件中原有的<intercept-url pattern="/login.jsp" access="IS_AUTHENTICATED_ANONYMOUSLY"/>
过滤器代码:
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBean;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.jdbc.object.MappingSqlQuery;
import org.springframework.security.ConfigAttributeDefinition;
import org.springframework.security.ConfigAttributeEditor;
import org.springframework.security.intercept.web.DefaultFilterInvocationDefinitionSource;
import org.springframework.security.intercept.web.FilterInvocationDefinitionSource;
import org.springframework.security.intercept.web.RequestKey;
import org.springframework.security.util.AntUrlPathMatcher;
import org.springframework.security.util.UrlMatcher;
public class JdbcFilterInvocationDefinitionSourceFactoryBean
extends JdbcDaoSupport implements FactoryBean {
private String resourceQuery;
public boolean isSingleton() {
return true;
}
public Class getObjectType() {
return FilterInvocationDefinitionSource.class;
}
public Object getObject() {
return new DefaultFilterInvocationDefinitionSource(this
.getUrlMatcher(), this.buildRequestMap());
}
protected Map<String, String> findResources() {
ResourceMapping resourceMapping = new ResourceMapping(getDataSource(),
resourceQuery);
Map<String, String> resourceMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
for (Resource resource : (List<Resource>) resourceMapping.execute()) {
String url = resource.getUrl();
String role = resource.getRole();
if (resourceMap.containsKey(url)) {
String value = resourceMap.get(url);
resourceMap.put(url, value + "," + role);
} else {
resourceMap.put(url, role);
}
}
return resourceMap;
}
protected LinkedHashMap<RequestKey, ConfigAttributeDefinition> buildRequestMap() {
LinkedHashMap<RequestKey, ConfigAttributeDefinition> requestMap = null;
requestMap = new LinkedHashMap<RequestKey, ConfigAttributeDefinition>();
ConfigAttributeEditor editor = new ConfigAttributeEditor();
Map<String, String> resourceMap = this.findResources();
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : resourceMap.entrySet()) {
RequestKey key = new RequestKey(entry.getKey(), null);
editor.setAsText(entry.getValue());
requestMap.put(key,
(ConfigAttributeDefinition) editor.getValue());
}
return requestMap;
}
protected UrlMatcher getUrlMatcher() {
return new AntUrlPathMatcher();
}
public void setResourceQuery(String resourceQuery) {
this.resourceQuery = resourceQuery;
}
private class Resource {
private String url;
private String role;
public Resource(String url, String role) {
this.url = url;
this.role = role;
}
public String getUrl() {
return url;
}
public String getRole() {
return role;
}
}
private class ResourceMapping extends MappingSqlQuery {
protected ResourceMapping(DataSource dataSource,
String resourceQuery) {
super(dataSource, resourceQuery);
compile();
}
protected Object mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rownum)
throws SQLException {
String url = rs.getString(1);
String role = rs.getString(2);
Resource resource = new Resource(url, role);
return resource;
}
}
}
将自定义的过滤器放入到原有的spring security过滤器链中(在spring配置文件中配置)
定义自定义过滤器(sql语句用于查询资源的URL地址 如:/index.jsp 和角色名 如ROLE_USER)
<beans:bean id="filterInvocationDefinitionSource"
class="com.lovo.JdbcFilterInvocationDefinitionSourceFactoryBean">
<beans:property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<beans:property name="resourceQuery" value="
select m.address,r.descn
from t_module_role mr
join t_module m on mr.m_id=m.id
join t_role r on mr.r_id=r.id;
"/>
</beans:bean>
将自定义过滤器放入过滤器链中
<beans:bean id="filterSecurityInterceptor"
class="org.springframework.security.intercept.web.FilterSecurityInterceptor" autowire="byType">
<custom-filter before="FILTER_SECURITY_INTERCEPTOR"/>
<beans:property name="objectDefinitionSource" ref="filterInvocationDefinitionSource" />
</beans:bean>
注意:FilterSecurityInterceptor过滤器会向request中写入一个标记,用于标记是否已经控制了当前请求,以避免对同一请求多次处理,导致第2个FilterSecurityInterceptor不会再次执行。
在<http>中不需要再定义<intercept-url>,如下:
<http auto-config='true'>
<form-login login-page="/login.jsp"
authentication-failure-url="/error.jsp"
default-target-url="/index.jsp" />
</http>
自定义的过滤器就从配置文件中读取sql,查询结果就是角色和资源,用户登录时就在session中保存了用户的角色。
注意:intercept-url的先后顺序,spring security使用第一个能匹配的intercept-url标签进行权限控制。
现在intercept-url来源于数据库,所以在sql查询时注意角色和资源的顺序。
建议在角色和资源的中间表中添加1个字段用于标识顺序,(按从严到宽的顺序)
表结构修改如下:
/* 资源角色的中间表 */
CREATE TABLE `t_module_role` (
`m_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`r_id` int(11) NOT NULL,
`priority` int(11) default NULL, /* 用于标识角色和资源的匹配顺序 从严到宽 */
PRIMARY KEY (`m_id`,`r_id`),
KEY `FKA713071E2D31C656` (`r_id`),
KEY `FKA713071ED78C9071` (`m_id`),
CONSTRAINT `FKA713071ED78C9071` FOREIGN KEY (`m_id`) REFERENCES `t_module` (`id`),
CONSTRAINT `FKA713071E2D31C656` FOREIGN KEY (`r_id`) REFERENCES `t_role` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
数据如下:
insert into t_account values(1,'zhangsan','123',1);
insert into t_account values(2,'lisi','321',1);
insert into t_role values(1,'系统管理员','ROLE_ADMIN');
insert into t_role values(2,'普通用户','ROLE_USER');
insert into t_account_role values(1,2);
insert into t_account_role values(2,1);
insert into t_module values(1,'部门管理','/dept.jsp');
insert into t_module values(2,'人员管理','/emp.jsp');
insert into `t_module_role` values(1,1,3);
insert into `t_module_role` values(1,2,2);
insert into `t_module_role` values(2,1,1);
自定义过滤器修改如下:
<beans:bean id="filterInvocationDefinitionSource"
class="com.lovo.JdbcFilterInvocationDefinitionSourceFactoryBean">
<beans:property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<beans:property name="resourceQuery" value="
select m.address,r.descn
from t_module_role mr
join t_module m on mr.m_id=m.id
join t_role r on mr.r_id=r.id
order by mr.priority
"/>
</beans:bean>
如果持久层使用的是hibernate,那么只需要给自定义过滤器注入1个hibernateTemplate.
在自定义过滤器中就不需要再使用mapRow的方式。而是直接获取url和角色名即可。
例如:
public class ModuleFilter implements FactoryBean {
private String resourceQuery;
public boolean isSingleton() {
return true;
}
public Class getObjectType() {
return FilterInvocationDefinitionSource.class;
}
public Object getObject() {
return new DefaultFilterInvocationDefinitionSource(this
.getUrlMatcher(), this.buildRequestMap());
}
protected Map<String, String> findResources() {
ResourceMapping resourceMapping = new ResourceMapping();
Map<String, String> resourceMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
for (Resource resource : (List<Resource>) resourceMapping.execute()) {
String url = resource.getUrl();
String role = resource.getRole();
if (resourceMap.containsKey(url)) {
String value = resourceMap.get(url);
resourceMap.put(url, value + "," + role);
} else {
resourceMap.put(url, role);
}
}
return resourceMap;
}
protected LinkedHashMap<RequestKey, ConfigAttributeDefinition> buildRequestMap() {
LinkedHashMap<RequestKey, ConfigAttributeDefinition> requestMap = null;
requestMap = new LinkedHashMap<RequestKey, ConfigAttributeDefinition>();
ConfigAttributeEditor editor = new ConfigAttributeEditor();
Map<String, String> resourceMap = this.findResources();
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : resourceMap.entrySet()) {
RequestKey key = new RequestKey(entry.getKey(), null);
editor.setAsText(entry.getValue());
requestMap.put(key,
(ConfigAttributeDefinition) editor.getValue());
}
return requestMap;
}
protected UrlMatcher getUrlMatcher() {
return new AntUrlPathMatcher();
}
public void setResourceQuery(String resourceQuery) {
this.resourceQuery = resourceQuery;
}
private class Resource {
private String url;
private String role;
public Resource(String url, String role) {
this.url = url;
this.role = role;
}
public String getUrl() {
return url;
}
public String getRole() {
return role;
}
}
private class ResourceMapping{
public List<Resource> execute(){
List<Resource> rlist = new ArrayList<Resource>();
List<Role> list = hibernateTemplate.find(resourceQuery);
for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++){
Role role = list.get(i);
Set<Module> set = role.getModuleSet();
Iterator<Module> it = set.iterator();
while(it.hasNext()){
Module m = it.next();
Resource re = new Resource(m.getUrl(),role.getDescn());
rlist.add(re);
}
}
return rlist;
}
}
public void setHibernateTemplate(HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate) {
this.hibernateTemplate = hibernateTemplate;
}
private HibernateTemplate hibernateTemplate;
}
而从灵活性的角度考虑,把hql写在配置文件中
<beans:bean id="moduleFilter" class="com.lovo.ModuleFilter">
<beans:property name="resourceQuery"
value="from com.lovo.po.Role order by ind">
</beans:property>
<beans:property name="hibernateTemplate" ref="hibernateTemplate">
</beans:property>
</beans:bean>
问题:系统只会在初始化的时候从数据库中加载信息。无法识别数据库中信息的改变。
解决:每个jsp页面上重新内存
代码:每个jsp页面include如下代码:
<%@page import="org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext"%>
<%@page import="org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils"%>
<%@page import="org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBean"%>
<%@page import="org.springframework.security.intercept.web.FilterSecurityInterceptor"%>
<%@page import="org.springframework.security.intercept.web.FilterInvocationDefinitionSource"%>
<%
ApplicationContext ctx = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(application);
FactoryBean factoryBean = (FactoryBean) ctx.getBean("&自定义过滤器的id");
FilterInvocationDefinitionSource fids = (FilterInvocationDefinitionSource) factoryBean.getObject();
FilterSecurityInterceptor filter = (FilterSecurityInterceptor) ctx.getBean("filterSecurityInterceptor");
filter.setObjectDefinitionSource(fids);
%>
控制用户信息
用户密码MD5加密:
<authentication-provider>
<password-encoder hash="md5"/>
<jdbc-user-service data-source-ref="dataSource"
users-by-username-query="select username,password,enabled from t_account where username=?"
authorities-by-username-query="select a.username,r.descn from t_account_role ar join
t_account a on ar.a_id=a.id join t_role r on ar.r_id=r.id where a.username=?"/>
</authentication-provider>
盐值加密
<authentication-provider>
<password-encoder hash="md5">
<salt-source user-property="username"/>
</password-encoder>
<jdbc-user-service data-source-ref="dataSource"
users-by-username-query="select username,password,enabled from t_account where username=?"
authorities-by-username-query="select a.username,r.descn from t_account_role ar join
t_account a on ar.a_id=a.id join t_role r on ar.r_id=r.id where a.username=?"/>
</authentication-provider>
用户信息缓存,使用spring内置的ehCache实现
<beans:bean id="cacheManager" class="org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheManagerFactoryBean"></beans:bean>
<beans:bean id="userEhCache" class="org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheFactoryBean">
<beans:property name="cacheManager" ref="cacheManager"></beans:property>
<beans:property name="cacheName" value="userCache"></beans:property>
</beans:bean>
<beans:bean id="userCache" class="org.springframework.security.providers.dao.cache.EhCacheBasedUserCache">
<beans:property name="cache" ref="userEhCache"></beans:property>
</beans:bean>
在src目录下新建ehcache.xml
<ehcache>
<diskStore path="java.io.tmpdir"/>
<defaultCache
maxElementsInMemory="1000"
eternal="false"
timeToIdleSeconds="120"
timeToLiveSeconds="120"
overflowToDisk="true"
/>
<cache
name="userCache"
maxElementsInMemory="100"
eternal="false"
timeToIdleSeconds="600"
timeToLiveSeconds="3600"
overflowToDisk="true"
/>
</ehcache>
在程序中获取用户信息
UserDetails ud = (UserDetails) SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication().getPrincipal();
String name = ud.getUsername();
String pwd = ud.getPassword();
GrantedAuthority[] ga = ud.getAuthorities();
System.out.println(name + "," + pwd);
for(GrantedAuthority g : ga){
System.out.println(g.getAuthority());
}
自定义访问拒绝页面
<http auto-config='true' access-denied-page="/error.jsp">
访问用户以带参形式访问
在资源URL地址后加*
如
insert into t_module values(1,'部门管理','/dept.jsp*');
insert into t_module values(2,'人员管理','/emp.jsp*');
自定义用户接口实现
由于将sql写在配置文件中只适用于小型系统,而且不灵活,在大型系统或实体关系复杂时需要自定义用户实现的接口。
自定义用户实现需要实现2个接口。
UserDetails:实体类需要实现的接口。
UserDetailsService:实体管理类需要实现的接口。
配置:
<!-- 实体管理类 -->
<beans:bean id="userManager" class="com.lovo.UserManager"></beans:bean>
<authentication-provider user-service-ref="userManager">
<!--
<jdbc-user-service data-source-ref="dataSource"
users-by-username-query="select username,password,enabled from t_account where username=?"
authorities-by-username-query="select a.username,r.descn from t_account_role ar join
t_account a on ar.a_id=a.id join t_role r on ar.r_id=r.id where a.username=?"/>
-->
</authentication-provider>
原有的通过固定sql语句的获取方式可以抛弃,改为使用user-service-ref属性注入的bean来实现对用户及用户所
拥有的资源的查找。
用户注销
注销功能由过滤器org.springframework.security.ui.logout.LogoutFilter负责完成。
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/j_spring_security_logout">注销</a>
被注销的用户就是当前session中保存的用户,注销后页面自动重定向到default-target-url所指定的页面
spring security过滤器体系
spring security的一系列功能都是由一串过滤器来完成的。在spring配置文件中配置的<http>标签实际上就是
起到默认的过滤器进行声明和配置的作用。
管理会话
当项目中要求不能使用同一个账号同时登陆,按以下步骤实施
1.web.xml添加1个监听器
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.security.ui.session.HttpSessionEventPublisher</listener-class>
</listener>
2.spring配置文件中的<http>标签添加子标签<concurrent-session-control/>
<http auto-config='true' access-denied-page="/noview.jsp">
<form-login login-page="/login.jsp" authentication-failure-url="/error.jsp" default-target-url="/index.jsp"/>
<concurrent-session-control/>
</http>
<concurrent-session-control/>会产生1个org.springframework.security.concurrent.ConcurrentSessionFilter
并放在过滤器链的最前面。
默认情况下,使用同一账号后登陆的用户会踢出先登陆的用户。
如果想禁止第2个用户登录,则设置
<concurrent-session-control exception-if-maximum-exceeded="true"/>
对方法级的权限控制
1.添加依赖包 cglib-nodep-2.1_3.jar aspectjweaver.jar aspectjrt.jar
2.利用<global-method-security>设置需要保护的方法及可以调用的权限
<global-method-security>
<protect-pointcut access="ROLE_ADMIN,ROLE_USER" expression="execution(* com.lovo.bo.AccountBo.get*(..))"/>
<protect-pointcut access="ROLE_ADMIN" expression="execution(* com.lovo.bo.AccountBo.create*(..))"/>
</global-method-security>
利用注解同样可以实现方法级的保护
需要spring-security-core-tiger.jar包
启用注解保护
<global-method-security secured-annotations="enabled"/>
@Secured({"ROLE_ADMIN","ROLE_USER"})
public void getOneAccount();
拥护ROLE_ADMIN或ROLE_USER权限的用户可以调用该方法
SecurityContext安全上下文
SecurityContext securityContext = SecurityContextHolder.getContext();
SecurityContext中保存着实现了Authentication 接口的对象,如果用户尚未通过
认证,那么SecurityContext.getAuthenticaiton()方法就会返回null。
注意,如果使用了匿名用户,SecurityContext.getAuthenticaiton()返回的不是null.
只有在未启用过滤器链的情况下,SecurityContext.getAuthenticaiton()才返回空。
验证管理器
验证管理器用来识别用户的身份。使用命名空间会自动注册一个验证管理器的bean.
是org.springframework.security.providers.ProviderManager类的一个对象。
如果要在其他的bean中要引用这个验证管理器,则给这个验证管理器取一个别名。
<authentication-manager alias="authenticationManager"/>
如果要采用其他的类来完成验证管理器的功能,可以使用以下标签
<beans:bean id="abc" class="org.springframework.security.providers.dao.DaoAuthenticationProvider">
<custom-authentication-provider/>
</beans:bean>
访问决策管理器
当使用命名空间配置时,默认的AccessDecisionManager实例会自动注册。
默认的策略是使用一个AffirmativeBased作为AccessDecisionManager(访问决策管理器),投票者是RoleVoter和
AuthenticatedVote
<global-method-security secured-annotations="enabled" access-decision-manager-ref="accessDecisionManager">
</global-method-security>
利用访问决策管理器对方法进行保护
<beans:bean id="filterSecurityInterceptor" class="org.springframework.security.intercept.web.FilterSecurityInterceptor" autowire="byType">
<custom-filter before="FILTER_SECURITY_INTERCEPTOR"/>
<beans:property name="objectDefinitionSource" ref="moduleFilter" />
<beans:property name="accessDecisionManager" ref="accessDecisionManager"></beans:property>
</beans:bean>
向过滤器注入访问决策管理器
不管是MethodSecurityInterceptor还是FilterSecurityInterceptor都使用 authenticationManager和accessDecisionManager属性用于验证用户,并且都是通过使用 objectDefinitionSource属性来定义受保护的资源。不同的是过滤器安全拦截器将URL资源与权限关联,而方法安全拦截器将业务方法与权限关联。
objectDefinitionSource属性需要注入的就是org.springframework.security.intercept.ObjectDefinitionSource这个接口的实现类。
该接口中有一个方法是:
ConfigAttributeDefinition getAttributes(Object object) throws IllegalArgumentException;
参数实际类型是org.springframework.security.intercept.web.FilterInvocation
这个方法用于获取保护资源对应的权限信息,返回一个ConfigAttributeDefinition对象。
ConfigAttributeDefinition对象内部维护1个列表,安全拦截器就通过调用getAttributes方法来获取ConfigAttributeDefinition对象,并将该对象和当前用户拥有的Authentication对象传递给accessDecisionManager(访问决策管理器)
访问决策管理器在将其传递给具体实现类维护的投票者,这些投票者从ConfigAttributeDefinition对象中获取这个存放了访问保护资源需要的权限信息的列表,然后遍历这个列表并与 Authentication对象中GrantedAuthority[]数据中的用户权限信息进行匹配,如果匹配成功,投票者就会投赞成票,否则就投反对票,最后访问决策管理器来统计这些投票决定用户是否能访问该资源。
FilterInvocationDefinitionSource接口和MethodDefinitionSource接口继承自ObjectDefinitionSource接口,并提供了2个默认实现类用以从配置文件读取权限信息。
是DefaultFilterInvocationDefinitionSource和DelegatingMethodDefinitionSource两个类,如果需要从其他数据来源读取则需要实现FilterInvocationDefinitionSource接口和MethodDefinitionSource接口。
自定义的过滤器必须注入objectDefinitionSource,accessDecisionManager,authenticationManager3个属性。
FilterInvocationDefinitionSource接口getAttributes实现思路
1.获取客户端访问的url地址。
2.将该url地址和数据库中存储的url地址匹配,找到所有有权访问该地址的权限(角色)名字。
3.把所有的权限名利用ConfigAttributeEditor类封装成ConfigAttributeDefinition对象
简单例子:
public class MyFilter extends HibernateDaoSupport implements FilterInvocationDefinitionSource,FactoryBean{
//保存权限信息(能够访问当前资源的角色名)
private List<String> roleNameList = new ArrayList<String>();
public ConfigAttributeDefinition getAttributes(Object object) throws IllegalArgumentException {
FilterInvocation fi = (FilterInvocation)object;
String requeatUrl = fi.getRequestUrl(); //获取客户端访问的url地址
requeatUrl = requeatUrl.toLowerCase(); //将url地址全部转换成小写
if(requeatUrl.indexOf("?") != -1){ //过滤请求参数
requeatUrl = requeatUrl.substring(0,requeatUrl.indexOf("?"));
}
//在数据库中查找能够访问此url地址的角色
List<Module> list = this.getHibernateTemplate().find("from com.lovo.po.Module where url like ?",requeatUrl+"%");
if(list.size() <= 0){
return null;
}
String s = "";
Module module = (Module)list.get(0);
Set<Role> set = module.getRoleSet();
roleNameList.clear();
for(Role role : set){
roleNameList.add(role.getDescn());
s += role.getDescn() + ",";
}
s = s.substring(0,(s.length() - 1)); //将所有的角色名(ROLE_开头)拼接为一个字符串。
ConfigAttributeEditor editer = new ConfigAttributeEditor();
editer.setAsText(s);
return (ConfigAttributeDefinition) editer.getValue(); //将包含所有角色名(ROLE_开头)的字符串转换为ConfigAttributeDefinition对象。
}
public Collection getConfigAttributeDefinitions() {
return Collections.unmodifiableCollection(this.roleNameList);
}
public boolean supports(Class clazz) {
return FilterInvocation.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz);
}
public Object getObject() throws Exception {
return this;
}
public Class getObjectType() {
return FilterInvocationDefinitionSource.class;
}
public boolean isSingleton() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return true;
}
}
方法保护的原理是通过aop来实现的。
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.lovo.bo.face.*.*(..))" id="me"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="methodSecurityInterceptor" pointcut-ref="me"/>
</aop:config>
通知是1个实现了MethodSecurityInterceptor接口的类
methodSecurityInterceptor是spring中的一个类
<beans:bean id="methodSecurityInterceptor" class="org.springframework.security.intercept.method.aopalliance.MethodSecurityInterceptor">
<beans:property name="objectDefinitionSource" ref="methodFilter" />
<beans:property name="accessDecisionManager" ref="accessDecisionManager"></beans:property>
<beans:property name="authenticationManager" ref="authenticationManager"></beans:property>
</beans:bean>
accessDecisionManager属性注入访问决策管理器,authenticationManager属性注入验证管理器。
objectDefinitionSource属性注入1个实现了MethodDefinitionSource接口的类。
<beans:bean id="methodFilter" class="com.lovo.method.MethodFilter">
<beans:property name="hibernateTemplate" ref="hibernateTemplate"></beans:property>
</beans:bean>
这个类的作用是根据用户调用的方法,找到相应的角色,
public class MethodFilter extends HibernateDaoSupport implements MethodDefinitionSource{
private List<String> roleList = new ArrayList<String>();
public ConfigAttributeDefinition getAttributes(Method method, Class targetClass) {
return null;
}
public ConfigAttributeDefinition getAttributes(Object object)
throws IllegalArgumentException {
ConfigAttributeEditor editor = new ConfigAttributeEditor();
String s = "";
ReflectiveMethodInvocation rmi = (ReflectiveMethodInvocation)object;
String methodName = rmi.getThis().getClass().getName() + "." + rmi.getMethod().getName();
System.out.println(methodName);
List<Module> list = this.getHibernateTemplate().find("from com.lovo.po.Module where url like ?",methodName);
if(list.size() == 0){
return null;
}
roleList.clear();
for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++){
Module module = list.get(i);
Set<Role> roleSet = module.getRoleSet();
Iterator<Role> it = roleSet.iterator();
while(it.hasNext()){
Role role = it.next();
s += role.getDescn() + ",";
roleList.add(role.getDescn());
}
}
s = s.substring(0,(s.length() - 1));
editor.setAsText(s);
editor.getValue();
return (ConfigAttributeDefinition) editor.getValue();
}
public Collection getConfigAttributeDefinitions() {
return roleList;
}
public boolean supports(Class clazz) {
return true;
}
}
相应的方法名保存在数据库中。