apache POI 导出 Excel

在Web开发中，有一个经典的功能，就是数据的导入导出。特别是数据的导出，在生产管理或者财务系统中用的非常普遍，因为这些系统经常要做一些报表打印的工作。而数据导出的格式一般是Excel 或者 PDF……

 

首先我们来导出Excel格式的文件吧。现在主流的操作Excel文件的开源工具有很多，用得比较多的就是Apache的POI及JExcelAPI……这里我们用Apache POI

 

 

package org.cric.util;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFClientAnchor;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFComment;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFPatriarch;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRichTextString;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;

/**
 * 利用开源组件POI3.7动态导出EXCEL文档
 * @author Administrator
 *
 * @param <T> 应用泛型,代表一个符合javabean风格的类
 * 注意这里为了简单起见，boolean的属性xxx的get方式为getXxx(),而不是isXxx()
 * byte[]表jpg格式的图片数据
 */
public class ExportExcel<T> {
	
	public void exportExcel(Collection<T> dataset,OutputStream out){
		this.exportExcel("测试POI导出EXCEL文档", null, dataset, out, "yyyy-MM-dd");
	}
	
	public void exportExcel(String[] headers,Collection<T> dataset,OutputStream out){
		this.exportExcel("测试POI导出EXCEL文档", headers, dataset, out,"yyyy-MM-dd");
	}
	
	public void exportExcep(String[] headers,Collection<T> dataset,OutputStream out,String patterm){
		this.exportExcel("测试POI导出EXCEL文档", headers, dataset, out, patterm);
	}
	
	/**
	 * 这是一个通用的方法,利用了JAVA的反射机制,可以将放置在JAVA集合中并且符号一定条件的数据以EXCEL的形式输出到指定IO设备上
	 * @param title
	 *  	表格标题名
	 * @param headers
	 * 		表格属性列名数组
	 * @param dataset
	 * 		需要显示的数据集合，集合中一定要放置符合javabean风格的类的对象。此方法支持的
	 * 		javabean属性的数据类型有基本数据类型以String,Date,byte[](图片数据)
	 * @param out
	 * 		与输出设备关联的流对象，可以将EXCEL文档导出到本地文件或者网络中
	 * @param pattem
	 * 		如果有时间数据，设定输出格式。默认为"yyyy-MM-dd";
	 */
	public void exportExcel(String title,String[] headers,Collection<T> dataset,OutputStream out,String pattem){
		//声明一个工作簿
		HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
		//生成一个表格
		HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(title);
		//设置表格默认列宽度为15个字节
		sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth(15);
		//生成一个样式(用于单元格)
		HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
		style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.SKY_BLUE.index);
		style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
		style.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
		style.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
		style.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
		style.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
		style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
		//生成一个字体(用于单元格)
		HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
		font.setColor(HSSFColor.VIOLET.index);
		font.setFontHeightInPoints((short)12);
		font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
		//把字体应用到当前的样式
		style.setFont(font);
		//生成并设置另一个样式
		HSSFCellStyle style2 = workbook.createCellStyle();
		style2.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.LIGHT_YELLOW.index);
		style2.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
		style2.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
	    style2.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
	    style2.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
	    style2.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);
	    style2.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
		style2.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
		//生成另一个字体
		HSSFFont font2 = workbook.createFont();
		font2.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_NORMAL);
		//把字体应用到当前的样式
		style2.setFont(font2);
		
		//声明一个画图的顶级管理器
		HSSFPatriarch patriarch = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
		//定义注释的大小和位置,详见文档
		HSSFComment comment = patriarch.createComment(new HSSFClientAnchor(0,0,0,0,(short)4,2,(short)6,5));
		//设置注释内容
		comment.setString(new HSSFRichTextString("可以在POI中添加注释!"));
		//设置注释作者,当鼠标移动单单元格上是可以在状态栏中看到该内容。
		comment.setAuthor("wuhaidong");
		
		//产生表格标题行
		HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
		for(int i = 0; i < headers.length; i++){
			HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
			cell.setCellStyle(style);//设置单元格样式(包含字体)
			HSSFRichTextString text = new HSSFRichTextString(headers[i]);
			cell.setCellValue(text);//把数据放到单元格中
		}
		
		//遍历集合数据,产生数据行
		Iterator<T> it = dataset.iterator();
		int index = 0;
		while(it.hasNext()){
			index++;
			row = sheet.createRow(index);
			T t = (T)it.next();
			//利用反射，根据javabean属性的先后顺序，动态的调用getXxx()方法得到属性值
			Field[] fields = t.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
			for(int i = 0; i < fields.length; i++){
				HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i);
				cell.setCellStyle(style2);
				Field field = fields[i];
				String fieldName = field.getName();
				String getMethodName = "get"+fieldName.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase()+fieldName.substring(1);
				Class tCls = t.getClass();
				try {
					Method getMethod = tCls.getMethod(getMethodName, new Class[]{});
					Object value = getMethod.invoke(t, new Object[]{});
					// 判断值的类型后进行强制类型转换
					String textValue = null;
					/*if(value instanceof Integer){
						Integer intValue = (Integer)value;
						cell.setCellValue(intValue);
					}else if(value instanceof Float){
						Float floatValue = (Float)value;
						cell.setCellValue(floatValue);
					}else if(value instanceof Double){
						Double doubleValue = (Double)value;
						cell.setCellValue(doubleValue);
					}else if(value instanceof Long){
						Long longValue = (Long)value;
						cell.setCellValue(longValue);
					}else */
					if(value instanceof Boolean){
						boolean booleanValue = (Boolean)value;
						textValue = "男";
						if(!booleanValue){
							textValue = "女";
						}
						cell.setCellValue(textValue);
					}else if(value instanceof Date){
						Date date = (Date)value;
						SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(pattem);
						textValue = sdf.format(date);
						cell.setCellValue(textValue);
					}else if(value instanceof byte[]){
						//有图片时,设置行高为60px;
						row.setHeightInPoints(60);
						//设置有图片所在列宽度为80px,注意这里单位的一个换算
						sheet.setColumnWidth(i, (short)(35.7*80));
						//sheet.autoSizeColumn(i);
						byte[] bsValue = (byte[])value;
						HSSFClientAnchor anchor = new HSSFClientAnchor(0,0,1023,55,(short)6,index,(short)6,index);
						anchor.setAnchorType(2);
						patriarch.createPicture(anchor,workbook.addPicture(bsValue, HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG));
					}else{
						//其它数据类型都当做字符串简单处理
						textValue = value.toString();
					}
					//如果不是图片数据,就利用正则表达式判断textValue是否全部由数字组成
					if(textValue != null){
						Pattern p = Pattern.compile("^\\d+(\\.\\d+)?$");
						Matcher matcher = p.matcher(textValue);
						if(matcher.matches()){
							//是数字当作double处理
							cell.setCellValue(Double.parseDouble(textValue));
						}else{
							HSSFRichTextString richString = new HSSFRichTextString(textValue);
							HSSFFont font3 = workbook.createFont();
							font3.setColor(HSSFColor.BLUE.index);
							richString.applyFont(font3);
							cell.setCellValue(richString);
						}
					}
				} catch (SecurityException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				} catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}finally{
					//关闭资源
				}
			}
		}
		try {
			workbook.write(out);
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

 

 

 

package org.cric.util;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import org.leno.export.util.Student;
public class ExportExcelTest {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		ExportExcel<Student> exportExcel = new ExportExcel<Student>();
		
		String[] headers = new String[]{"学好","姓名","年龄","性别","出生日期"};
		
		Student stu = new Student(1000,"小三",23,true, new Date());
		Student stu2 = new Student(1001,"李四",22,false,new Date());
		Student stu3 = new Student(1002,"老张",24,true,new Date());
		Student stu4 = new Student(1003,"王五",22,true,new Date());
		List<Student> studentList = new ArrayList<Student>();
		studentList.add(stu);
		studentList.add(stu2);
		studentList.add(stu3);
		studentList.add(stu4);
		
		FileOutputStream out = null;
		try {
			out = new FileOutputStream("E:\\报表.xls");
			exportExcel.exportExcep(headers, studentList, out, "yyyy-MM-dd");
			JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "导出成功");
			System.out.println("EXCEL导出成功!");
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			if(null != out){
				try {
					out.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
	}
}