开始Java，C＋＋之OpenOffice编程 （Start OpenOffice Programming In Java or Cpp ) 之一
OpenOffice.org Developer's Guide
Java/CXX OpenOffice编程
according to the presentation of this guide, we need to get JDK, JAVA/CXX IDE and OpenOffice.org Software Development Kit (SDK).
1. JDK
download it from www.sun.com please.
2. JAVA/CXX IDE
Eclipse and VC(.Net) are the perfect choice.
3. OOo SDK
this is the point I need to show detail info about it.
http://download.openoffice.org/sdk/index.htmlfor downloading 3.1.1 OOo SDK now (20100108).
http://download.openoffice.org/2.4.0/sdk.htmlfor downloading 2.4.0 OOo SDK now.
http://download.openoffice.org/3.0.0/sdk.htmlfor downloading 3.0.0 OOo SDK now.
4. Setting IDE
if you are interesting of CXX for programming with OOo SDK and so on, here is the good drink for you:
http://wiki.services.openoffice.org/wiki/Using_Cpp_with_the_OOo_SDK
http://wiki.services.openoffice.org/wiki/SDKCppLanguage
if you are good at JAVA, here is the guide for you too:
http://wiki.services.openoffice.org/wiki/Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Configuration
5. 一个Demo程序
OOO通过UNO实现了语言无关和平台无关的机能。UNO自己定义了自己的数据类型，接口定义方式，服务，结构，数组（序列），模块，异常，Singleton，继承，实现等，还有自己的通信协议。用这些可以实现进程间通信，服务管理，组件管理，属性集合管理，事件模型，异常处理，UNO对象生命期管理，对象识别等等。在我眼里，就是个新的语言，它有自己的标准和实现。而最大的好处，也是它出生的目的就是做到编写的东西与平台无关，可以和Java，CXX等语言绑定起来使用、交互。
那么Java是如何绑定上的呢，也就是说如何和OOO的UNO对象，组件，进程等交互的呢，下面代码足以让人直观一下。
首先Bootstrap.bootstrap()取得一个组件上下文XcomponentContext，这个上下文其实就是对office进程的一个“引用”（旨在表意，词不太准），通过这个上下文可以取得一个服务管理器（此时得说说服务，服务管理器这东西了：OOO安装后，肯定有个可执行的office，这就是所谓的服务器，office进程里提供了特定的服务，当然，也有个服务管理器。你写程序，就是要和office交互，来操作odt，ods和odp，这些文件对应MS的doc，xls和ppt。你的程序就是客户端了。OOO采用这种CS模式有好处，好处不在这说，咱说怎么用。所以你要操作OOO文件就得取得一些特定的服务，取得服务后，才能操作具体的组件啊，模块啊什么的。）通过服务管理器可以取得一个叫Desktop的服务，这个服务可以取得组件装载器的一个实例（XComponentLoader ），有了这个XComponentLoader 实例，我们就可以操作具体的组件了。先看看怎么实现这几步。
import com.sun.star.frame.XComponentLoader;
import com.sun.star.uno.UnoRuntime;
public class FirstUnoContact {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
// get the remote office component context
com.sun.star.uno.XComponentContext xContext = com.sun.star.comp.helper.Bootstrap.bootstrap();
System.out.println("Connected to a running office ...");
com.sun.star.lang.XMultiComponentFactory xMCF = xContext.getServiceManager();
String available = (xMCF != null ? "available" : "not available");
System.out.println("remote ServiceManager is " + available);
Object desktop = xMCF.createInstanceWithContext(
"com.sun.star.frame.Desktop", xContext);
XComponentLoader xComponentLoader = (XComponentLoader)
UnoRuntime.queryInterface(XComponentLoader.class, desktop);
System.out.println("OK Done");
} catch (java.lang.Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
System.exit(0);
}
}
}
6. Eclipse下运行Demo
下面说怎么跑这个小程序，我用的是Eclipse来跑的。OOO推荐Netbeans来跑，因为Sun公司给其做了插件，可以很方便。无所谓啦，陪陪类路径，俺还是有耐心的，具体步骤如下。
1. create a new java project.
2. Window-> Preferences->Java->BuildePath->UserLibraries->New create a new library with name, as ooo
add jar... (as on windows platform)
choose C:\Program Files\OpenOffice.org 3\URE\java
choose C:\Program Files\OpenOffice.org 3\Basis\program\classes
3. add class path for your new Java project.
right click project name in PackageExplorer View -> Properties -> Java Build Path -> choose Libraries tab
-> Add External Class Folder... -> choose C:\Program Files\OpenOffice.org 3\program -> OK
4. just run the code up as java application and you will see output msg.
7. 取得远端服务器上下文
默认情况时取得本机的office服务器的上下文，上面说了，OOO的UNO有自己的网络通信协议，可以通过指定IP地址和端口来取得对远端office的引用，哎，这点有点意思，这样可以，比如，在Applet中来操作远端的office。当然，写成JSP，Ajax等都是可以的，这种灵活性就是服务带来的好处。下面的代码展示了如何取得远端office服务器的上下文。
import com.sun.star.uno.XComponentContext;
import com.sun.star.comp.helper.Bootstrap;
import com.sun.star.lang.XMultiComponentFactory;
import com.sun.star.bridge.UnoUrlResolver;
import com.sun.star.bridge.XUnoUrlResolver;
import com.sun.star.beans.XPropertySet
import com.sun.star.uno.UnoRuntime;
XComponentContext xcomponentcontext = Bootstrap.createInitialComponentContext(null);
// create a connector, so that it can contact the office
XUnoUrlResolver urlResolver = UnoUrlResolver.create(xcomponentcontext);
Object initialObject = urlResolver.resolve(
"uno:socket,host=localhost,port=8100;urp;StarOffice.ServiceManager");
XMultiComponentFactory xOfficeFactory = (XMultiComponentFactory) UnoRuntime.queryInterface(
XMultiComponentFactory.class, initialObject);
// retrieve the component context as property (it is not yet exported from the office)
// Query for the XPropertySet interface.
XPropertySet xProperySet = (XPropertySet) UnoRuntime.queryInterface(
XPropertySet.class, xOfficeFactory);
// Get the default context from the office server.
Object oDefaultContext = xProperySet.getPropertyValue("DefaultContext");
// Query for the interface XComponentContext.
XComponentContext xOfficeComponentContext = (XComponentContext) UnoRuntime.queryInterface(
XComponentContext.class, oDefaultContext);
// now create the desktop service
// NOTE: use the office component context here!
Object oDesktop = xOfficeFactory.createInstanceWithContext(
"com.sun.star.frame.Desktop", xOfficeComponentContext);
8. Java具体操作ods文件
到此，说了如何取得服务器的引用，接下来，咱们详细说说具体操作ods的方法，其实取得对服务器的引用后，接下的的代码和Java操作Excel的jxl代码差不多了。OOO的程序其实可以远比jxl来得复杂，因为有了UNO，可以做很多事情。好，下面看看Java操作ods的方法。
import com.sun.star.beans.PropertyValue;
import com.sun.star.beans.XPropertySet;
import com.sun.star.uno.XComponentContext;
import com.sun.star.comp.helper.Bootstrap;
import com.sun.star.container.XEnumeration;
import com.sun.star.container.XEnumerationAccess;
import com.sun.star.frame.XComponentLoader;
import com.sun.star.frame.XController;
import com.sun.star.frame.XModel;
import com.sun.star.lang.XComponent;
import com.sun.star.lang.XMultiComponentFactory;
import com.sun.star.sheet.XCellAddressable;
import com.sun.star.sheet.XCellRangesQuery;
import com.sun.star.sheet.XSheetCellRanges;
import com.sun.star.sheet.XSpreadsheet;
import com.sun.star.sheet.XSpreadsheetDocument;
import com.sun.star.sheet.XSpreadsheetView;
import com.sun.star.sheet.XSpreadsheets;
import com.sun.star.table.XCell;
import com.sun.star.uno.UnoRuntime;
public class FirstLoadComponent {
/** Creates a new instance of FirstLoadComponent */
public FirstLoadComponent() {
}
/**
* @param args the command line arguments
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
// get the remote office component context
XComponentContext xRemoteContext = Bootstrap.bootstrap();
if (xRemoteContext == null) {
System.err.println("ERROR: Could not bootstrap default Office.");
}
XMultiComponentFactory xRemoteServiceManager = xRemoteContext.getServiceManager();
Object desktop = xRemoteServiceManager.createInstanceWithContext(
"com.sun.star.frame.Desktop", xRemoteContext);
XComponentLoader xComponentLoader = (XComponentLoader)
UnoRuntime.queryInterface(XComponentLoader.class, desktop);
PropertyValue[] loadProps = new PropertyValue[0];
XComponent xSpreadsheetComponent = xComponentLoader.loadComponentFromURL("private:factory/scalc", "_blank", 0, loadProps);
XSpreadsheetDocument xSpreadsheetDocument = (XSpreadsheetDocument)
UnoRuntime.queryInterface(XSpreadsheetDocument.class,
xSpreadsheetComponent);
XSpreadsheets xSpreadsheets = xSpreadsheetDocument.getSheets();
xSpreadsheets.insertNewByName("MySheet", (short)0);
com.sun.star.uno.Type elemType = xSpreadsheets.getElementType();
System.out.println(elemType.getTypeName());
font-size: 9pt; font-family: Fixedsy