Java相关数字签名技术纪要

一:需要包含的包
    import java.security.*;
    import java.io.*;
    import java.util.*;
    import java.security.*;
    import java.security.cert.*;
    import sun.security.x509.*
    import java.security.cert.Certificate;
    import java.security.cert.CertificateFactory;

二:从文件中读取证书
    用keytool将.keystore中的证书写入文件中,然后从该文件中读取证书信息
    CertificateFactory cf=CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");
    FileInputStream in=new FileInputStream("out.csr");
    Certificate c=cf.generateCertificate(in);

    String s=c.toString();
三:从密钥库中直接读取证书
    String pass="123456";
    FileInputStream in=new FileInputStream(".keystore");
    KeyStore ks=KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
    ks.load(in,pass.toCharArray());
    java.security.cert.Certificate c=ks.getCertificate(alias);//alias为条目的别名

四:JAVA程序中显示证书指定信息
    System.out.println("输出证书信息:\n"+c.toString());
    System.out.println("版本号:"+t.getVersion());
    System.out.println("序列号:"+t.getSerialNumber().toString(16));
    System.out.println("主体名:"+t.getSubjectDN());
    System.out.println("签发者:"+t.getIssuerDN());
    System.out.println("有效期:"+t.getNotBefore());
    System.out.println("签名算法:"+t.getSigAlgName());
    byte [] sig=t.getSignature();//签名值 
    PublicKey pk=t.getPublicKey();
    byte [] pkenc=pk.getEncoded();  
    System.out.println("公钥");
    for(int i=0;i<pkenc.length;i++)System.out.print(pkenc[i]+",");

五:JAVA程序列出密钥库所有条目
    String pass="123456";
    FileInputStream in=new FileInputStream(".keystore");
    KeyStore ks=KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
    ks.load(in,pass.toCharArray());
    Enumeration e=ks.aliases();
    while(e.hasMoreElements())
    java.security.cert.Certificate c=ks.getCertificate((String)e.nextElement());

六:JAVA程序修改密钥库口令
    String oldpass="123456";
    String newpass="654321";
    FileInputStream in=new FileInputStream(".keystore");
    KeyStore ks=KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
    ks.load(in,oldpass.toCharArray());
    in.close();
    FileOutputStream output=new FileOutputStream(".keystore");
    ks.store(output,newpass.toCharArray());
    output.close();

七:JAVA程序修改密钥库条目的口令及添加条目
    FileInputStream in=new FileInputStream(".keystore");
    KeyStore ks=KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
    ks.load(in,storepass.toCharArray());
    Certificate [] cchain=ks.getCertificate(alias);获取别名对应条目的证书链
    PrivateKey pk=(PrivateKey)ks.getKey(alias,oldkeypass.toCharArray());获取别名对应条目的私钥
    ks.setKeyEntry(alias,pk,newkeypass.toCharArray(),cchain);向密钥库中添加条目
    第一个参数指定所添加条目的别名,假如使用已存在别名将覆盖已存在条目,使用新别名将增加一个新条目,第二个参数为条目的私钥,第三个为设置的新口令,第四个为该私钥的公钥的证书链
    FileOutputStream output=new FileOutputStream("another");
    ks.store(output,storepass.toCharArray())将keystore对象内容写入新文件

八:JAVA程序检验别名和删除条目
    FileInputStream in=new FileInputStream(".keystore");
    KeyStore ks=KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
    ks.load(in,storepass.toCharArray());
    ks.containsAlias("sage");检验条目是否在密钥库中,存在返回true
    ks.deleteEntry("sage");删除别名对应的条目
    FileOutputStream output=new FileOutputStream(".keystore");
    ks.store(output,storepass.toCharArray())将keystore对象内容写入文件,条目删除成功

九:JAVA程序签发数字证书
    (1)从密钥库中读取CA的证书
    FileInputStream in=new FileInputStream(".keystore");
    KeyStore ks=KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
    ks.load(in,storepass.toCharArray());
    java.security.cert.Certificate c1=ks.getCertificate("caroot");
    (2)从密钥库中读取CA的私钥
    PrivateKey caprk=(PrivateKey)ks.getKey(alias,cakeypass.toCharArray());
    (3)从CA的证书中提取签发者的信息
    byte[] encod1=c1.getEncoded();    提取CA证书的编码
    X509CertImpl cimp1=new X509CertImpl(encod1);  用该编码创建X509CertImpl类型对象
    X509CertInfo cinfo1=(X509CertInfo)cimp1.get(X509CertImpl.NAME+"."+X509CertImpl.INFO);  获取X509CertInfo对象
    X500Name issuer=(X500Name)cinfo1.get(X509CertInfo.SUBJECT+"."+CertificateIssuerName.DN_NAME); 获取X509Name类型的签发者信息
    (4)获取待签发的证书
    CertificateFactory cf=CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");
    FileInputStream in2=new FileInputStream("user.csr");
    java.security.cert.Certificate c2=cf.generateCertificate(in);
    (5)从待签发的证书中提取证书信息
    byte [] encod2=c2.getEncoded();
    X509CertImpl cimp2=new X509CertImpl(encod2);  用该编码创建X509CertImpl类型对象
    X509CertInfo cinfo2=(X509CertInfo)cimp2.get(X509CertImpl.NAME+"."+X509CertImpl.INFO);  获取X509CertInfo对象
    (6)设置新证书有效期
    Date begindate=new Date(); 获取当前时间
    Date enddate=new Date(begindate.getTime()+3000*24*60*60*1000L); 有效期为3000天
    CertificateValidity cv=new CertificateValidity(begindate,enddate); 创建对象
    cinfo2.set(X509CertInfo.VALIDITY,cv);  设置有效期
    (7)设置新证书序列号
    int sn=(int)(begindate.getTime()/1000);    以当前时间为序列号
    CertificateSerialNumber csn=new CertificateSerialNumber(sn);
    cinfo2.set(X509CertInfo.SERIAL_NUMBER,csn);
    (8)设置新证书签发者
    cinfo2.set(X509CertInfo.ISSUER+"."+CertificateIssuerName.DN_NAME,issuer);应用第三步的结果
    (9)设置新证书签名算法信息
    AlgorithmId algorithm=new AlgorithmId(AlgorithmId.md5WithRSAEncryption_oid);
    cinfo2.set(CertificateAlgorithmId.NAME+"."+CertificateAlgorithmId.ALGORITHM,algorithm);
    (10)创建证书并使用CA的私钥对其签名
    X509CertImpl newcert=new X509CertImpl(cinfo2);
    newcert.sign(caprk,"MD5WithRSA"); 使用CA私钥对其签名
    (11)将新证书写入密钥库
    ks.setCertificateEntry("lf_signed",newcert);
    FileOutputStream out=new FileOutputStream("newstore");
    ks.store(out,"newpass".toCharArray());  这里是写入了新的密钥库,也可以使用第七条来增加条目

十:数字证书的检验
    (1)验证证书的有效期
 (a)获取X509Certificate类型对象
 CertificateFactory cf=CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");
    FileInputStream in1=new FileInputStream("aa.crt");
  java.security.cert.Certificate  c1=cf.generateCertificate(in1);
 X509Certificate t=(X509Certificate)c1;
  in2.close();
        (b)获取日期
 Date TimeNow=new Date();
 (c)检验有效性
 try{
    t.checkValidity(TimeNow);
           System.out.println("OK");
 }catch(CertificateExpiredException e){  //过期
    System.out.println("Expired");
    System.out.println(e.getMessage());
 }catch((CertificateNotYetValidException e){ //尚未生效
    System.out.println("Too early");
    System.out.println(e.getMessage());}
     (2)验证证书签名的有效性
 (a)获取CA证书
         CertificateFactory cf=CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");
     FileInputStream in2=new FileInputStream("caroot.crt");
   java.security.cert.Certificate  cac=cf.generateCertificate(in2);
  in2.close();
 (c)获取CA的公钥
  PublicKey pbk=cac.getPublicKey();
 (b)获取待检验的证书(上步已经获取了,就是C1)
 (c)检验证书
         boolean pass=false;
         try{
      c1.verify(pbk);
             pass=true;
         }catch(Exception e){
             pass=false;
             System.out.println(e);
  }

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