Linux 的DNS 的配置...
Linux 的DNS 的配置
#安装和检查BIND域名服务器：
[root@sql root]# rpm -qa|grep bind
bind-9.2.1-16
redhat-config-bind-1.9.0-13
bind-utils-9.2.1-16
ypbind-1.11-4
[root@sql root]# rpm -qa|grep name
caching-nameserver-7.2-7
#以上是检查到BIND在本机的安装情况和得到的信息，如果未安装，按以下步骤：
[root@redhatlinux9 root]# mount /mnt/cdrom/
#挂载光驱，需要安装光盘第一张。
[root@redhatlinux9 root]# cd /mnt/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS/
#进入光盘中RPM包所在路径。
[root@redhatlinux9 RPMS]# rpm -ivh bind-9.2.1-16.i386.rpm
[root@redhatlinux9 RPMS]# rpm -ivh bind-utils-9.2.1-16.i386.rpm
[root@redhatlinux9 RPMS]# rpm -ivh redhat-config-bind-1.9.0-13.norach.rpm
#安装以上三个RPM包。
[root@redhatlinux9 RPMS]# cd; umount /mnt/cdrom/
#卸载光驱挂载，放入第二张安装光盘。
[root@redhatlinux9 root]# mount /mnt/cdrom/
#挂载光驱，需要第二张安装光盘。
[root@redhatlinux9 root]# cd /mnt/cdrom/RedHat/RPMS/
#进入RPM包所在路径。
[root@redhatlinux9 RPMS]# rpm -ivh caching-nameserver-7.2-7.noarch.rpm
#安装此RPM包。
#以下启动BIND服务：
[root@redhatlinux9 RPMS]# service named start
#立即启动BIND服务，成功。
[root@redhatlinux9 RPMS]# pstree|grep named
|-named
#检查服务运行，可以看到NAMED服务正在运行。
[root@redhatlinux9 RPMS]# rndc status
number of zones: 4
debug level: 0
xfers running: 0
xfers deferred: 0
soa queries in progress: 0
query logging is OFF
server is up and running
#以上是查看服务器运行状态的命令和得到的信息。
#一：配置主域名服务器
vi /etc/named.conf
// generated by named-bootconf.pl
options {
directory "/var/named";
/*
* If there is a firewall between you and nameservers you want
* to talk to, you might need to uncomment the query-source
* directive below. Previous versions of BIND always asked
* questions using port 53, but BIND 8.1 uses an unprivileged
* port by default.
*/
// query-source address * port 53;
};
//
// a caching only nameserver config
//
controls {
inet 127.0.0.1 allow { localhost; } keys { rndckey; };
};
zone "." IN {
type hint;
file "named.ca";
};
zone "localhost" IN {
type master;
file "localhost.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type master;
file "named.local";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "sql.dba.com" IN {
type master;
file "dba.com.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "6.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type master;
file "dba.com.revl.zone";
allow-update { none; };
};
include "/etc/rndc.key";
编辑正向解析配置文件
vi /var/named/dba.com.zone
$TTL 86400
$ORIGIN sql.dba.com.
@ 1D IN SOA sql.dba.com. root (
42 ; serial (d. adams)
3H ; refresh
15M ; retry
1W ; expiry
1D ) ; minimum
1D IN NS sql.dba.com
1D IN A 192.168.6.1
~
编辑反向解析配置文件
vi /var/named/dba.com.revl.zone
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA sql.dba.com. root.sql.dba.com. (
1997022700 ; Serial
28800 ; Refresh
14400 ; Retry
3600000 ; Expire
86400 ) ; Minimum
IN NS sql.dba.com
1 IN PTR sql.dba.com.
#文件配置好之后一定要重新启动服务使其生效。
[root@sql root]# service named restart
Stopping named:
#或者使用此命令，其作用也使重新加载服务
[root@sql root]# rndc reload
#验证DNS。
[root@sql root]# cat /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 192.168.6.1
如果没有，用
[root@sql root]# vi /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 192.168.6.1
#一：HOST命令
#正向查询主机地址。
[root@sql root]# host sql.dba.com
sql.dba.com has address 192.168.6.1
#反向查询域名
[root@sql root]# host 192.168.6.1
1.6.168.192.in-addr.arpa domain name pointer sql.dba.com.
#查询不同类型的资源记录配置
[root@sql root]# host -t NS sql.dba.com
sql.dba.com name server sql.dba.com.sql.dba.com.
[root@sql root]# host -t SOA sql.dba.com
sql.dba.com SOA sql.dba.com. root.sql.dba.com. 42 10800 900 604800 86400
[root@sql root]# host -t MX sql.dba.com
#列出整个域信息
[root@sql root]# host -l sql.dba.com
sql.dba.com SOA sql.dba.com. root.sql.dba.com. 42 10800 900 604800 86400
sql.dba.com name server sql.dba.com.sql.dba.com.
sql.dba.com has address 192.168.6.1
sql.dba.com SOA sql.dba.com. root.sql.dba.com. 42 10800 900 604800 86400
[root@sql root]#
#列出与一个主机名相关的资源记录的详细信息。
[root@sql root]# host -a sql.dba.com
Trying "sql.dba.com"
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 20623
;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 3, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;sql.dba.com. IN ANY
;; ANSWER SECTION:
sql.dba.com. 86400 IN SOA sql.dba.com. root.sql.dba.com. 42 10800 900 604800 86400
sql.dba.com. 86400 IN NS sql.dba.com.sql.dba.com.
sql.dba.com. 86400 IN A 192.168.6.1
Received 112 bytes from 192.168.6.1#53 in 1 ms
[root@sql root]#
#二：NSLOOKUP命令
[root@sql root]# nslookup
Note: nslookup is deprecated and may be removed from future releases.
Consider using the `dig' or `host' programs instead. Run nslookup with
the `-sil[ent]' option to prevent this message from appearing.
> sql.dba.com
Server: 192.168.6.1
Address: 192.168.6.1#53
Name: sql.dba.com
Address: 192.168.6.1
> 192.168.6.1
Server: 192.168.6.1
Address: 192.168.6.1#53
1.6.168.192.in-addr.arpa name = sql.dba.com.
> see all
[root@sql root]# nslookup
Note: nslookup is deprecated and may be removed from future releases.
Consider using the `dig' or `host' programs instead. Run nslookup with
the `-sil[ent]' option to prevent this message from appearing.
> sql.dba.com
Server: 192.168.6.1
Address: 192.168.6.1#53
Name: sql.dba.com
Address: 192.168.6.1
> 192.168.6.1
Server: 192.168.6.1
Address: 192.168.6.1#53
1.6.168.192.in-addr.arpa name = sql.dba.com.
> set all
Default server: 192.168.6.1
Address: 192.168.6.1#53
Set options:
novc nodebug nod2
search recurse
timeout = 0 retry = 2 port = 53
querytype = A class = IN
srchlist =
> set type = any
*** Invalid option: type
> set type=any
> sql.dba.com
Server: 192.168.6.1
Address: 192.168.6.1#53
sql.dba.com
origin = sql.dba.com
mail addr = root.sql.dba.com
serial = 42
refresh = 10800
retry = 900
expire = 604800
minimum = 86400
sql.dba.com nameserver = sql.dba.com.sql.dba.com.
Name: sql.dba.com
Address: 192.168.6.1
>