通过实例看VCL组件开发全过程(二)

组件的代码由于假设你已经熟悉delphi开发(它和一般开发没什么不同),我们就直接贴出来并加上适当的注释:

unit Clock;

interface

uses

SysUtils, Classes, Controls, StdCtrls,ExtCtrls;

type

TState=(StClock,StRunClock,StBackClock);//定义枚举类表示控件的3种状态:时钟、跑表、倒计时钟

TClock = class(TCustomLabel)

private

fState:TState;

fTimer:TTimer;//为什么使用这个组件作为我们组件的私有成员就不用说了吧

RCD:array[1..8] of integer;//跑表中的各个数位。

fBeginTime:string;//到计时时的开始时钟,之所以没用TTime类型是为了在后面演示属性编辑器

fWakeTime:string;//闹钟时间,出于和上面同样的理由

fAllowWake:boolean;//是否开启闹钟功能

fOnWakeUp:TNotifyEvent;//为了使组件更加完美,我们允许组件用户能够响应闹钟到来时的时件

fOnTimeUp:TNotifyEvent;//同上能够响应倒计时种完成时的事件,我们将发布这两个事件

function GetActive:boolean;//控制Timer是否工作以控制3种状态的钟是否工作

procedure SetActive(Value:boolean);

procedure SetState(Value:TState);

procedure SetBeginTime(Value:string);

procedure SetWakeTime(Value:string);

protected

procedure WalkClock(sender:TObject);//作为时钟时走种的事件

procedure RunClock(sender:TObject); //跑表

procedure BackClock(sender:TObject);//倒计时

public

constructor Create(AOwner:TComponent);override;//完成一些初始化工作

procedure ReSetRunClock; //跑表和倒计时都需要一个复位方法给组件使用者调用

procedure ReSetBackClock;

published

property State:TState read fState write SetState default StClock;//默认为时钟状态

property Active:boolean read GetActive write SetActive;//控制3种状态的钟是否工作

property BeginTime:string read fBeginTime write SetBeginTime;

property WakeTime:string read fWakeTime write SetWakeTime;

property AllowWake:boolean read fAllowWake write fAllowWake;

property OnWakeUp:TNotifyEvent read fOnWakeUp write fOnWakeUp;

property OnTimeUp:TNotifyEvent read fOnTimeUp write fOnTimeUp;

//最后我们再发布一些被TCustomLabel所隐藏而我们又需要的属性

property Align;

property Alignment;

property Color;

property Font;

property ParentColor;

property ParentFont;

property ParentShowHint;

property PopupMenu;

property ShowHint;

property Visible;

property Transparent;

property OnClick;

end;

procedure Register;

implementation

procedure Register;

begin

RegisterComponents('ClockAndTime', [TClock]);

end;

{ TClock }

constructor TClock.Create(AOwner: TComponent);

begin

inherited Create(AOwner);

//设置默认值

fTimer:=TTimer.Create(self);

//将它属于我们的组件,这样便不用编写析构函数,而可以自动在释放本组件时释放Timer

Active:=false;

AllowWake:=false;

State:=StClock;

BeginTime:='00:00:00';

WakeTime:='00:00:00';

end;

function TClock.GetActive: boolean;

begin

result:=fTimer.Enabled;

end;

procedure TClock.SetActive(Value: boolean);

begin

fTimer.Enabled:=Value;

end;

procedure TClock.SetState(Value: TState);

var

i:integer;

begin

case Value of

StClock:

begin

Active:=false;

fTimer.Interval:=1000;

fTimer.OnTimer:=WalkClock;

Active:=true;

end;

StRunClock://由于Time类型不好处理微秒操作,我们只有手工模仿这个操作,代码会稍微烦琐

begin

Active:=false;

for i:=1 to 8 do RCD[i]:=0;

Caption:=IntToStr(RCD[8])+IntToStr(RCD[7])+':'+IntToStr(RCD[6])+IntToStr(RCD[5])+':'+IntToStr(RCD[4]);

Caption:=Caption+IntToStr(RCD[3])+':'+IntToStr(RCD[2])+IntToStr(RCD[1]);

fTimer.Interval:=10;

//经过测试,这个秒表的效果很好,然而这只是一个技术上的演示,

//实际上这么频繁(1/100秒)的不断执行RunClock会使CPU的占用一直达到100%

//这并不是一个好注意。事实上要想在跑表中显示微秒级别并做到合理的占用CPU

//这需要更加灵活和复杂的编程

fTimer.OnTimer:=RunClock;

end;

StBackClock:

begin

Active:=false;

Caption:=BeginTime;

fTimer.Interval:=1000;

fTimer.OnTimer:=BackClock;

end;

end;

fState:=Value;

end;

procedure TClock.SetBeginTime(Value: string);

begin

try

StrToTime(Value);

fBeginTime:=Value;

if State=StBackClock then

begin

Active:=false;

Caption:=Value;

end;

except

on Exception do

begin

fBeginTime:='00:00:00';

if State=StBackClock then Caption:='00:00:00';

end;

end;

end;

procedure TClock.SetWakeTime(Value: string);

begin

try

StrToTime(Value);

fWakeTime:=Value;

except

on Exception do

begin

fWakeTime:='00:00:00';

end;

end;

end;

procedure TClock.WalkClock(sender: TObject);

begin

Caption:=TimeToStr(Time);

if AllowWake and (StrToTime(Caption)=StrToTime(WakeTime)) then

begin

Beep;//蜂鸣器

if Assigned(fOnWakeUp) then

fOnWakeUp(self);

end;

end;

procedure TClock.RunClock(sender: TObject);

begin

RCD[1]:=RCD[1]+1;

if RCD[1]=10 then begin RCD[2]:=RCD[2]+1;RCD[1]:=0; end;

if RCD[2]=10 then begin RCD[3]:=RCD[3]+1;RCD[2]:=0; end;

if RCD[3]=10 then begin RCD[4]:=RCD[4]+1;RCD[3]:=0; end;

if RCD[4]=6 then begin RCD[5]:=RCD[5]+1;RCD[4]:=0; end;

if RCD[5]=10 then begin RCD[6]:=RCD[6]+1;RCD[5]:=0; end;

if RCD[6]=6 then begin RCD[7]:=RCD[7]+1;RCD[6]:=0; end;

if RCD[7]=10 then begin RCD[8]:=RCD[8]+1;RCD[7]:=0; end;

if RCD[8]=10 then RCD[8]:=0; //我们的跑表最多可计99个小时;

Caption:=IntToStr(RCD[8])+IntToStr(RCD[7])+':'+IntToStr(RCD[6])+IntToStr(RCD[5])+':'+IntToStr(RCD[4]);

Caption:=Caption+IntToStr(RCD[3])+':'+IntToStr(RCD[2])+IntToStr(RCD[1]);

end;

procedure TClock.BackClock(sender: TObject);//可以在一天之类的时间倒计时

begin

if StrToTime(Caption)<>StrToTime('00:00:00') then

Caption:=TimeToStr(StrToTime(Caption)-0.00001)

else

begin

Active:=false;

Beep;

if Assigned(fOnTimeUp) then

fOnTimeUp(self);

end;

end;

procedure TClock.ReSetBackClock;

var

i:integer;

begin

if State=StRunClock then

begin

Active:=false;

for i:=1 to 8 do RCD[i]:=0;

Caption:='00:00:00:00';

end;

end;

procedure TClock.ReSetRunClock;

begin

if State=StBackClock then

begin

Active:=false;

Caption:=BeginTime;

end;

end;

end.

为了测试我们的组件,现在你就可以安装这个组件包并建立一个应用测试它了,点击组件包窗体中的install即可(注意:一但你安装了组件包,当你想对组件修改时,在修改了原代码以后只用点击组件窗体的compile就可以了更新组件了),这时delphi的组件页的最后多出了我们定义的页,其中有了我们的组件!

然而这个组件到目前为止仍然不够完善,还不能正式发布给用户,在下一篇中我们将解决两个重要的问题:1、给我们的组件添加一个默认的图标。2、将这个组件杂乱的属性归类。

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