http://javarecipes.com/2012/07/11/understanding-the-concept-behind-threadlocal/
http://blog.csdn.net/qjyong/article/details/2158097
这两篇文章都认为ThreadLocal的实现原理说到底是一个Map<Thread currentThread, Object value>:
public class CustomThreadLocal {
private static Map threadMap = new HashMap();
public static void add(Object object) {
threadMap.put(Thread.currentThread(), object);
}
public static void remove(Object object) {
threadMap.remove(Thread.currentThread());
}
public static Object get() {
return threadMap.get(Thread.currentThread());
}
}
我认为, 这个观点只有一半是正确的。
ThreadLocal确实是通过Map来实现,但这个Map的key并不是Thread.curentThread,而是ThreadLocal的实例本身。
简单地说,ThreadLocal的关键的地方在下面两点:
1.同一线程内,把某值(假设为someValue)存储在ThreadLocal内,那么可以在本线程内的任意其他地方、任意其他时间获得这个值
2.对于其他线程来说,第1点里面的someValue是不可见的
这是怎么做到的呢?
这是通过“每一个线程,都持有一个ThreadLocal.ThreadLocalMap的实例”来实现的。
查看Thread源码,Thread有一个实例域:
ThreadLocal.ThreadLocalMap threadLocals = null;
而ThreadLocal.ThreadLocalMap就是一个Map。
查看ThreadLocal.ThreadLocalMap,发现它的key就是当前的ThreadLocal:
ThreadLocal.ThreadLocalMap的set方法:
private void set(ThreadLocal key, Object value) {
/*......*/
}
再返回去看看ThreadLocal的set方法:
public void set(T value) {
Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);
if (map != null)
map.set(this, value);
else
createMap(t, value);
}
可以清晰地看到,ThreadLocal.ThreadLocalMap的key就是this,也就是当前的ThreadLocal
举例:
class MyThreadLocalA {
private static final ThreadLocal threadLocalInstanceA = new ThreadLocal();
public static Object get() {
return threadLocalInstanceA.get();
}
/*.....*/
}
class MyThreadLocalB {
private static final ThreadLocal threadLocalInstanceB = new ThreadLocal();
public static Object get() {
return threadLocalInstanceB.get();
}
/*.....*/
}
假设有两个线程,分别是threadX和threadY
假设threadX访问MyThreadLocalA时,放入值"X_A",访问MyThreadLocalB时放入值"X_B"
假设threadY访问MyThreadLocalA时,放入值"Y_A",访问MyThreadLocalB时放入值"Y_B"
那么
threadX.threadLocals(我们称之为xMap)会是这样:
key value
---------------------------------------------
threadLocalInstanceA X_A
threadLocalInstanceB X_B
threadY.threadLocals(我们称之为yMap)会是这样:
key value
---------------------------------------------
threadLocalInstanceA Y_A
threadLocalInstanceB Y_B
那么在线程threadX内执行MyThreadLocalA.get(),得到的值就会是"X_A"。
具体流程:
MyThreadLocalA.get()
-->threadLocalInstanceA.get()
-->Thread.currentThread.threadLocals(也就是xMap)
-->xMap.getEntry(this)(这里的this就是threadLocalInstanceA)
-->得到"X_A"
其实过程很清晰。别人说的再多,还不如自己去看看源代码~