[LeetCode] Valid Palindrome 验证回文字符串

 

Given a string, determine if it is a palindrome, considering only alphanumeric characters and ignoring cases.

For example,
"A man, a plan, a canal: Panama" is a palindrome.
"race a car" is not a palindrome.

Note:
Have you consider that the string might be empty? This is a good question to ask during an interview.

For the purpose of this problem, we define empty string as valid palindrome.

 

验证回文字符串是比较常见的问题,所谓回文,就是一个正读和反读都一样的字符串,比如“level”或者“noon”等等就是回文串。但是这里,加入了空格和非字母数字的字符,增加了些难度,但其实原理还是很简单:只需要建立两个指针,left和right, 分别从字符的开头和结尾处开始遍历整个字符串,如果遇到非字母数字的字符就跳过,继续往下找,直到找到下一个字母数字或者结束遍历,如果遇到大写字母,就将其转为小写。等左右指针都找到字母数字时,比较这两个字符,若相等,则继续比较下面两个分别找到的字母数字,若不相等,直接返回false. 

时间复杂度为O(n), 代码如下:

 

class Solution {
public:
    bool isPalindrome(string s) {
        if (s.length() < 2) return true;
        
        int left = 0, right = s.length() - 1 ;
        while (left <= right) {
            while (left < s.length() - 1 && !isAlphaNumber(s[left])) ++left;
            while (right >= 0 && !isAlphaNumber(s[right])) --right;
            if (s[left] != s[right] && left <= right) return false;
            ++left;
            --right;
        }
        return true;
    }
    
    bool isAlphaNumber(char &ch) {
        if (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z') return true;
        if (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z') {
            ch += 32;
            return true;
        }
        if (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') return true;
        return false;
    }
    
};

 

对于该问题的扩展,还有利用Manacher算法来求解最长回文字符串问题,参见我的另一篇博文Manacher's Algorithm 马拉车算法

 

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