Two Phase Termination

        在主线程中启动一个线程t,当主线程向t发出停止执行,t用一个boolean值来控制run中的不断执行过程。t进行终止操作,这里的终止不是是使得线程执行完run方法。

public class CountupThread extends Thread {
    private long counter=0;  //计数器
    private volatile boolean shutdownRequested=false;
    
    public void shutdownRequest(){
    	shutdownRequested=true;
    	interrupt();
    }
    public boolean isShutdownRequested(){
    	return shutdownRequested;
    }
    public final void run(){
    	try{
    		while(!shutdownRequested){
    		    doWork();
    		}
    	}catch(InterruptedException e){
    		//真在sleep的时候interrupted
    	}finally{
    		System.out.println("doWorkShutdown:counter="+counter);
    	}
    }
	private void doWork() throws InterruptedException {
		counter++;
		System.out.println("do Worker counter:"+counter);
		Thread.sleep(500);
	}
}

 

public class Main {
	public static void main(String[] args){
		System.out.println("main:Begin");
		try{
			CountupThread t=new CountupThread();
			t.start();
			Thread.sleep(10000);
			System.out.println("main:shutDownRequest");
			t.shutdownRequest();
			System.out.println("main:join");
			t.join();//等待线程结束,可以用isAlive来检测是否结束
		}catch(InterruptedException e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		System.out.println("main:End");
	}	
}

 运行结果:

main:Begin
do Worker counter:1
do Worker counter:2
do Worker counter:3
do Worker counter:4
do Worker counter:5
do Worker counter:6
do Worker counter:7
do Worker counter:8
do Worker counter:9
do Worker counter:10
do Worker counter:11
do Worker counter:12
do Worker counter:13
do Worker counter:14
do Worker counter:15
do Worker counter:16
do Worker counter:17
do Worker counter:18
do Worker counter:19
do Worker counter:20
main:shutDownRequest
main:join
doWorkShutdown:counter=20
main:End

这里,考虑到了:

        安全性:当t收到结束信号以后并没有马上结束,而是先改变结束标识shutdownRequest。这时对象不会被突然地终止而受到破坏。

        生命性:改变结束标识后调用了interrupt方法,这主要是为了使得当线程正在sleep、wait的时候也能够顺利中断掉。为了使抛出异常的时候也能终止处理故使用了try...finally块。shutdownRequest的作用是如果任务很繁重,它会执行到下次循环的。

        响应性:终止请求发出后要尽快进入终止处理。

 

关于interrupt的一点说明

        当一个线程调用interrupt方法后,线程会进入两种状态:一、线程中断状态改变;二、线程没有中断,而是进入InterruptedException(通常是线程处于sleep、wait、join)。

       

public class Thread1 extends Thread {
	@Override
	public void run(){
		try {
			System.out.println("1");
			System.out.println("1");
			sleep(5000);  //休息5秒吧
			System.out.println("2");
			System.out.println("2");
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			//如果sleep时进入异常,那么上面的2就没有输出
			e.printStackTrace(); //这时线程没有中断,会继续输出下面的3
		}
		System.out.println("3");
		System.out.println("3");
	}

 

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args){
    	Thread t1=new Thread1();
    	t1.start();
    	t1.interrupt();
    }
}

 运行结果:

1
java.lang.InterruptedException: sleep interrupted
    at java.lang.Thread.sleep(Native Method)
1
3
3
    at interrupt.Thread1.run(Thread1.java:9)

 

如果要让线程由InterruptedException进入中断,应:

try {
    ... ...
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
    Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}

 

        对于第一种情况:Thread.interrupt()方法不会中断一个正在运行的线程。它只是发去一个信号。

public class Thread2 extends Thread{
	@Override
	public void run(){
		int i=0;
		while(true)
	        	System.out.println(i++);  
     }
}

 

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException{
    	Thread t2=new Thread2();
    	t2.start();
    	Thread.sleep(100);
    	t2.interrupt();
    }
}

        运行结果中可以知道,线程在一直运行,根本没有停止!

        应该Thread.interrupted()检查是否发生中断。Thread.interrupted()能告诉你线程是否发生中断,并将清除中断状态标记,所以程序不会两次通知你线程发生了中断。

      

public class Thread2 extends Thread{
	@Override
	public void run(){
		int i=0;
		//while(true)
		//	System.out.println(i++);  
		while(!Thread.interrupted())
			System.out.println(i++); 
     }
}

 

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