Mac 下 MySQL 环境搭建
Mac 下安装 MySQL 还是很方便的, 总结来看有2个方法。
方法一：用dmg镜像安装
- 安装
官网下载好 MySQL Mac 版安装包，常规步骤安装，安装过程中会出现如下提示：
2019-03-24T18:27:31.043133Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: TdfRm19!o0Xi
其中TdfRm19!o0Xi是初始密码，最好先记住！
- 登陆
在终端命令行 登陆mysql:
$ mysql -u root -p
# 输入上述密码即可
如果这一步提示: bash: mysql: command not found, 执行下面2个命令做个软连接即可：
cd /usr/local/bin
ln -fs /usr/local/mysql-8.0.11-macos10.13-x86_64/bin/mysql mysql
- 修改密码
在 MySQL8.0.4 以前，执行 SET PASSWORD=PASSWORD('新密码') 即可。但新版本不能这样改了，因为密码认证变了。具体步骤可以参考 https://blog.csdn.net/yi247630676/article/details/80352655。
方法二：用 Homebrew 进行安装
总所周知，Mac 可以利用 homebrew 进行安装管理，十分方便，如果没有安装 homebrew, 可以点击 https://brew.sh/ 安装。
下面是 mysql 的安装方式
$ brew install mysql # 安装指定版本： brew install [email protected]
接下来只要等待就可以了，出现下面文字后我们已经很清楚我们需要做什么了：
==> mysql
We've installed your MySQL database without a root password. To secure it run:
mysql_secure_installation
MySQL is configured to only allow connections from localhost by default
To connect run:
mysql -u root
To have launchd start mysql now and restart at login:
brew services start mysql
Or, if you don't want/need a background service you can just run:
mysql.server start
按说明继续执行，进行初始化操作：
$ myysql_secure_installation
初始化过程中会有很多问题，以下是具体问题部分，以注释为解释：
Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD component?
Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: Y ## 回复y 需要密码8位以上，回复n 则不做限制
The password validation component is not available. Proceeding with the further steps without the component.
Please set the password for root here.
New password: ## 设置你的密码
Re-enter new password: ## 再次输入你的密码
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y ## 是否移除匿名用户。考虑安全我选了y
Success.
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y ## 是否允许远程连mysql 的 root。我用做本地调试，不是远程服务器，所以y了
Success.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.
Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y ## 是否y了删除test数据库，我选了y
- Dropping test database...
Success.
- Removing privileges on test database...
Success.
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : y ## 选y, 重新加载权限列表
Success.
All done!
到此配置就结束了，下面我们启动 mysql 即可，记住以下命令：
$ mysql -u root -p ## 登陆 mysql
$ brew services start [email protected] ## 启动 mysql
$ brew services stop [email protected] ## 停止 mysql
$ mysql.server start ## 启动 mysql(无后台服务)