（13）-- 用tkinter编写简易计算器

#简易计算器

from tkinter import *
import math

root = Tk()
root.title('计算器')
root.minsize(340, 310)

# 顶部区域
v = StringVar()
v.set('0')
show_label = Label(root, textvariable=v, bg='white', width=12, height=1, font=("黑体", 20, "bold"), justify=LEFT,
                   anchor='e')
show_label.pack(padx=10, pady=15)

# 是否按下了运算符
isopera = False

# 设置初始结果
calc = []


# 序列操作
def change(num):
    global isopera
    if isopera == False:
        if v.get() == '0':
            v.set('')
            v.set(num)
        else:
            v.set(v.get() + num)
    else:
        v.set(num)
        isopera = False

        # 运算符号


def operation(sign):
    global isopera
    global calc


    if isopera == True:
        calc[1] = sign
    else:

        num = v.get()
        calc.append(num)  # -------------------------------------------------------------运算数1
        calc.append(sign)  # -----------------------------------------------------------运算符

    isopera = True  #


# 等于操作
def equal():
    global calc
    # 获取当前界面的数值准备运算
    calc.append(v.get())
    print(calc)
    # 组成运算字符串
    calcstr = ''.join(calc)
    # 检测最后一位是否是运算符，是就删除
    if calcstr[-1] in '+-*/':
        calcstr = calcstr[0:-1]
        # 运算操作
    result = eval(calcstr)
    # 显示结果
    v.set(result)
    calc.clear()


# 删除操作
def delete():
    if v.get() == '' or v.get() == '0':
        v.set('0')
        return
    else:
        num = len(v.get())
        if num > 1:
            strnum = v.get()
            strnum = strnum[0:num - 1]
            v.set(strnum)
        else:
            v.set('0')

            # 清空操作


def clear():
    global calc
    calc = []
    v.set('0')
    isopera = False


# 取反操作
def negation():
    strnum = v.get()
    if strnum[0] == '-':
        v.set(strnum[1:])
    elif strnum[0] != '-' and strnum != '0':
        v.set('-' + strnum)

        # 取倒数


def reciprocal(num):
    strnum = v.get()
    if strnum != '' and strnum != '0':
        v.set(1 / float(strnum))
    elif strnum == '0':
        pass

        # 百分号


def percent(num):
    strnum = v.get()
    if strnum != '' and strnum != '0':
        v.set(float(strnum) / 100)
    elif strnum == '0':
        pass

        # 根号


def sqrt(num):
    strnum = v.get()
    if float(strnum) > 0:
        res = float(strnum)
        result = math.sqrt(res)
        v.set(result)
    else:
        pass




        # 按键区域


frame_bord = Frame(width=400, height=350, bg='#cccccc')
button_del = Button(frame_bord, text='←', width=5, height=2, command=delete, bg='#aaaaaa').grid(row=0, column=0)
button_clear = Button(frame_bord, text='C', width=5, height=2, command=clear, bg='#aaaaaa').grid(row=0, column=1)
button_negation = Button(frame_bord, text='±', width=5, height=2, command=negation, bg='#aaaaaa').grid(row=0, column=2)
button_division_method = Button(frame_bord, text='/', width=5, height=2, command=lambda: operation('/'),
                                bg='#aaaaaa').grid(row=0, column=3)
button_7 = Button(frame_bord, text='7', width=5, height=2, command=lambda: change('7')).grid(row=1, column=0)
button_8 = Button(frame_bord, text='8', width=5, height=2, command=lambda: change('8')).grid(row=1, column=1)
button_9 = Button(frame_bord, text='9', width=5, height=2, command=lambda: change('9')).grid(row=1, column=2)

button_4 = Button(frame_bord, text='4', width=5, height=2, command=lambda: change('4')).grid(row=2, column=0)
button_5 = Button(frame_bord, text='5', width=5, height=2, command=lambda: change('5')).grid(row=2, column=1)
button_6 = Button(frame_bord, text='6', width=5, height=2, command=lambda: change('6')).grid(row=2, column=2)
button_multiplication = Button(frame_bord, text='*', width=5, height=2, command=lambda: operation('*'),
                               bg='#bbbbbb').grid(row=1, column=3)
button_1 = Button(frame_bord, text='1', width=5, height=2, command=lambda: change('1')).grid(row=3, column=0)
button_2 = Button(frame_bord, text='2', width=5, height=2, command=lambda: change('2')).grid(row=3, column=1)
button_3 = Button(frame_bord, text='3', width=5, height=2, command=lambda: change('3')).grid(row=3, column=2)
button_subtraction = Button(frame_bord, text='-', width=5, height=2, command=lambda: operation('-'), bg='#bbbbbb').grid(
    row=2, column=3)
button_0 = Button(frame_bord, text='0', width=14, height=2, command=lambda: change('0')).grid(row=4, column=0,
                                                                                              columnspan=2)
button_decimal_point = Button(frame_bord, text='.', width=5, height=2, command=lambda: change('.')).grid(row=4,
                                                                                                         column=2)
button_addition = Button(frame_bord, text='+', width=5, height=2, command=lambda: operation('+'), bg='#bbbbbb').grid(
    row=3, column=3)
button_sqrt = Button(frame_bord, text='√', width=5, height=2, command=lambda: sqrt('√'), bg='#bbbbbb').grid(row=5,
                                                                                                            column=0)
button_equal = Button(frame_bord, text='=', width=5, height=5, command=equal, bg='#bbbbbb').grid(row=4, column=3,
                                                                                                 rowspan=2)
button_percent = Button(frame_bord, text='%', width=5, height=2, command=lambda: percent('%'), bg='#bbbbbb').grid(row=5,
                                                                                                                  column=1)
button_reciprocal = Button(frame_bord, text='1/x', width=5, height=2, command=lambda: reciprocal('1/x'),
                           bg='#bbbbbb').grid(row=5, column=2)

frame_bord.pack(padx=10, pady=10)

# 主循环
root.mainloop()

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