前言:该系列教程主要参考自网站www.opengl-tutorial.org,基于开源GUI框架imgui v1.61实现,imgui自带的例子里面直接集成了glfw+gl3w环境,本系列教程将gl3w换成了glew,glew具体环境配置可参考:OpenGL环境配置教程:VS2012 + GLEW + GLFW + GLM。
教程目录(持续更新中):
现代OpenGL教程(一):绘制三角形(ImGui+OpenGL3.3)
现代OpenGL教程(二):矩阵变换(ImGui+OpenGL3.3)
现代OpenGL教程(三):绘制彩色立方体(ImGui+OpenGL3.3)
现代OpenGL教程(四):立方体纹理贴图(ImGui+OpenGL3.3)
现代OpenGL教程(五):obj模型加载(ImGui+OpenGL3.3)
现代OpenGL教程(六):鼠标和键盘(ImGui+OpenGL3.3)
现代OpenGL教程(七):基础光照——颜色(ImGui+OpenGL3.3)
现代OpenGL教程(八):基础光照——Phong光照模型(ImGui+OpenGL3.3)
现代OpenGL教程(九):基础光照——材质(ImGui+OpenGL3.3)
本节教程在上一节( 现代OpenGL教程(四):立方体纹理贴图(imgui+OpenGL3.3))的基础上,实现了obj文件的读取和在OpenGL中的显示。完整代码下载地址:https://github.com/maijiaquan/blog-code/tree/master/opengl-loadObj
# Blender3D v249 OBJ File: untitled.blend
# www.blender3d.org
mtllib cube.mtl
v 1.000000 -1.000000 -1.000000
v 1.000000 -1.000000 1.000000
v -1.000000 -1.000000 1.000000
v -1.000000 -1.000000 -1.000000
v 1.000000 1.000000 -1.000000
v 0.999999 1.000000 1.000001
v -1.000000 1.000000 1.000000
v -1.000000 1.000000 -1.000000
vt 0.748573 0.750412
vt 0.749279 0.501284
vt 0.999110 0.501077
vt 0.999455 0.750380
vt 0.250471 0.500702
vt 0.249682 0.749677
vt 0.001085 0.750380
vt 0.001517 0.499994
vt 0.499422 0.500239
vt 0.500149 0.750166
vt 0.748355 0.998230
vt 0.500193 0.998728
vt 0.498993 0.250415
vt 0.748953 0.250920
vn 0.000000 0.000000 -1.000000
vn -1.000000 -0.000000 -0.000000
vn -0.000000 -0.000000 1.000000
vn -0.000001 0.000000 1.000000
vn 1.000000 -0.000000 0.000000
vn 1.000000 0.000000 0.000001
vn 0.000000 1.000000 -0.000000
vn -0.000000 -1.000000 0.000000
usemtl Material_ray.png
s off
f 5/1/1 1/2/1 4/3/1
f 5/1/1 4/3/1 8/4/1
f 3/5/2 7/6/2 8/7/2
f 3/5/2 8/7/2 4/8/2
f 2/9/3 6/10/3 3/5/3
f 6/10/4 7/6/4 3/5/4
f 1/2/5 5/1/5 2/9/5
f 5/1/6 6/10/6 2/9/6
f 5/1/7 8/11/7 6/10/7
f 8/11/7 7/12/7 6/10/7
f 1/2/8 2/9/8 3/13/8
f 1/2/8 3/13/8 4/14/8
其中:
v vt vn都很好理解。f比较复杂,例如f 8/11/7 7/12/7 6/10/7
:
假设有三角形△ABC,则
6/10/7
描述了三角形的第一个顶点A7/12/7
描述了三角形的第二个顶点B8/11/7
描述了三角形的第三个顶点C对于第三个顶点C:
8
指向顶点C的坐标的索引。此例中是(-1.000000 1.000000 -1.000000)
(索引从1开始,和C++中从0开始不同)11
指向顶点C要用的纹理坐标。此例中是(0.748355 0.998230)
。7
指向要用的法线。此例中是(0.000000 1.000000 -0.000000)
。bool loadOBJ(
const char *path,
std::vector<glm::vec3> &out_vertices,
std::vector<glm::vec2> &out_uvs,
std::vector<glm::vec3> &out_normals)
{
printf("Loading OBJ file %s...\n", path);
std::vector<unsigned int> vertexIndices, uvIndices, normalIndices;
std::vector<glm::vec3> temp_vertices;
std::vector<glm::vec2> temp_uvs;
std::vector<glm::vec3> temp_normals;
FILE *file = fopen(path, "r");
if (file == NULL)
{
printf("Impossible to open the file ! Are you in the right path ? See Tutorial 1 for details\n");
getchar();
return false;
}
while (1)
{
char lineHeader[128];
// read the first word of the line
int res = fscanf(file, "%s", lineHeader);
if (res == EOF)
break; // EOF = End Of File. Quit the loop.
// else : parse lineHeader
if (strcmp(lineHeader, "v") == 0)
{
glm::vec3 vertex;
fscanf(file, "%f %f %f\n", &vertex.x, &vertex.y, &vertex.z);
temp_vertices.push_back(vertex);
}
else if (strcmp(lineHeader, "vt") == 0)
{
glm::vec2 uv;
fscanf(file, "%f %f\n", &uv.x, &uv.y);
uv.y = -uv.y; // Invert V coordinate since we will only use DDS texture, which are inverted. Remove if you want to use TGA or BMP loaders.
temp_uvs.push_back(uv);
}
else if (strcmp(lineHeader, "vn") == 0)
{
glm::vec3 normal;
fscanf(file, "%f %f %f\n", &normal.x, &normal.y, &normal.z);
temp_normals.push_back(normal);
}
else if (strcmp(lineHeader, "f") == 0)
{
std::string vertex1, vertex2, vertex3;
unsigned int vertexIndex[3], uvIndex[3], normalIndex[3];
int matches = fscanf(file, "%d/%d/%d %d/%d/%d %d/%d/%d\n", &vertexIndex[0], &uvIndex[0], &normalIndex[0], &vertexIndex[1], &uvIndex[1], &normalIndex[1], &vertexIndex[2], &uvIndex[2], &normalIndex[2]);
if (matches != 9)
{
printf("File can't be read by our simple parser :-( Try exporting with other options\n");
fclose(file);
return false;
}
vertexIndices.push_back(vertexIndex[0]);
vertexIndices.push_back(vertexIndex[1]);
vertexIndices.push_back(vertexIndex[2]);
uvIndices.push_back(uvIndex[0]);
uvIndices.push_back(uvIndex[1]);
uvIndices.push_back(uvIndex[2]);
normalIndices.push_back(normalIndex[0]);
normalIndices.push_back(normalIndex[1]);
normalIndices.push_back(normalIndex[2]);
}
else
{
// Probably a comment, eat up the rest of the line
char stupidBuffer[1000];
fgets(stupidBuffer, 1000, file);
}
}
// For each vertex of each triangle
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < vertexIndices.size(); i++)
{
// Get the indices of its attributes
unsigned int vertexIndex = vertexIndices[i];
unsigned int uvIndex = uvIndices[i];
unsigned int normalIndex = normalIndices[i];
// Get the attributes thanks to the index
glm::vec3 vertex = temp_vertices[vertexIndex - 1];
glm::vec2 uv = temp_uvs[uvIndex - 1];
glm::vec3 normal = temp_normals[normalIndex - 1];
// Put the attributes in buffers
out_vertices.push_back(vertex);
out_uvs.push_back(uv);
out_normals.push_back(normal);
}
fclose(file);
return true;
}
上一节( 现代OpenGL教程(四):立方体纹理贴图(imgui+OpenGL3.3))使用硬编码的方式声明static const GLfloat g_vertex_buffer_data[] = {…}
作为立方体的顶点数据。本节使用STL的vector来创建顶点坐标数组、UV坐标数组和法线数组。
std::vector vertices;
std::vector uvs;
std::vector normals;
bool res = loadOBJ("cube.obj", vertices, uvs, normals);
把数组传给OpenGL:
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertices.size() * sizeof(glm::vec3), &vertices[0], GL_STATIC_DRAW);
完整代码下载地址:https://github.com/maijiaquan/blog-code/tree/master/opengl-loadObj
参考资料:
第七课:模型加载 opengl-tutorial