Finance系列（2）之Banking

1. Cutomer segmentation
For small banks with a single line of business, primarily serve retail customers.

For medium-sized banks with multiple lines of business, primarily serve retail customers and corporations.

For large banks with almost all categories of banking services, serve almost all customer segments.

2. Business process

Potential improvements:
Capture more information about the customer and his/her interactions with the bank.

Utilize that information in a more structured way to provide advice that is more process driven, less dependent on individuals, more consistent results.

Create a separate compliance function, to ensure the financial advisory process is executed as intended.

3. Cheques

3.1. Parties involved
Payee (收款人)

Drawer (开票人)
Drawer (开票人的签名)

Drawee (付款行)

Date
Amount

3.2. Category
Bearer cheque: 任何路人甲路人乙，只要拿到该支票，都能兑现。

Order cheque: 任何路人甲，路人乙，只有名叫“陈大伟”者，才能兑现。

Crossed cheque: Crossed cheque 的目的是确保该支票确实落实到具体的对方账户里（比如该人通过唯一的HKID进行标识）。Crossed cheque又可以分为两种：general crossing，可以在多个银行之间进行交换，转移；special crossing，只能在某个银行清点结算。

4. Business process: Bank cheque clearing

Financial institutions clear and settle cheques in different ways depending on whether the cheques are “on-us” or “interbank” cheques.

on-us cheques do not require interbank clearing or settlement.

interbank cheques can clear and settle through direct presentment, a correspondent financial institution, a clearing house, or other intermediaries.

5. E-cheque
E-cheque are cheques issued, delivered and deposited online.