金刀的博客 | Spring Data整合hibernate JPA

Spring Data整合hibernate JPA

JPA：Java持久层API，由Sun公司提供了一套对于持久层操作的标准

Hibernate：Hibernate是一个开放源代码的对象关系映射框架，它对JDBC进行了非常轻量级的对象封装，它将POJO与数据库表建立映射关系，是一个全自动的orm框架。

Hibernate JPA：是在Hibernate3.2版本中提供了对于JPA标准的实现，提供了一套按照JPA标准来实现持久层开发的API。

• maven依赖(pom.xml)

<dependencies>
	
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
		<artifactId>spring-coreartifactId>
		<version>4.2.5.RELEASEversion>
	dependency>
		
	
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
		<artifactId>spring-contextartifactId>
		<version>4.2.5.RELEASEversion>
	dependency>
	
	
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
		<artifactId>spring-aopartifactId>
		<version>4.2.5.RELEASEversion>
	dependency>
	
	
	<dependency>
	    <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
	    <artifactId>spring-jdbcartifactId>
	    <version>4.2.5.RELEASEversion>
	dependency>
	
	
	<dependency>
	    <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
	    <artifactId>spring-webartifactId>
	    <version>4.2.5.RELEASEversion>
	dependency>
	
	
	<dependency>
	    <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
	    <artifactId>spring-ormartifactId>
	    <version>4.2.5.RELEASEversion>
	dependency>
	
	
	<dependency>
	    <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
	    <artifactId>spring-testartifactId>
	    <version>4.2.5.RELEASEversion>
	    <scope>testscope>
	dependency>
	
	
	<dependency>
	   <groupId>org.hibernategroupId>
	   <artifactId>hibernate-coreartifactId>
	   <version>4.3.11.Finalversion>
	dependency>
	
	
	<dependency>
	   <groupId>org.hibernategroupId>
	   <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanagerartifactId>
	   <version>4.3.11.Finalversion>
	dependency>
	
	
	<dependency>
	    <groupId>mysqlgroupId>
	    <artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
	    <version>5.1.38version>
	dependency>
	
	
	<dependency>
		<groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
		<artifactId>druidartifactId>
		<version>1.1.10version>
	dependency>
dependencies>

• application.xml配置

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-4.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd">

	
	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
	
	
	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
		<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
		<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver.class}"/>
		<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
	bean>
	 
	
	<bean id="entityManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource">property>
		<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
			
			<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
				
				<property name="database" value="MYSQL">property>
				
				<property name="generateDdl" value="true">property>	
				
				<property name="showSql" value="true">property>
			bean>
		property>
		
		<property name="packagesToScan">
			<list>
				<value>cn.gotojava.pojovalue>
			list>
		property>
	bean>
	
	
	<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
		<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManager"/>
	bean>
	
	
	<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
	
	
	<context:component-scan base-package="cn.gotojava"/>
beans>

• jdbc.properties

# 数据库URL
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/yunhome?&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&autoReconnect=true
# 数据库驱动类
jdbc.driver.class=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
# 数据库连接用户名
jdbc.username=root
# 数据库连接密码
jdbc.password=root

• 用户实体对象

// 表示该类是一个实体类
@Entity
// 实体与数据库中的表进行映射，如果数据表不存在，则通过正向工程创建数据表
@Table(name = "t_users")
public class Users implements Serializable{

	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1459398903271506845L;

	// 表示该属性为主键
	@Id
	// 主键生成策略：GenerationType.IDENTITY表示自动增长列
	@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
	// 表示该属性和数据表中的"id"进行映射，如果该属性不存在，则可以通过正向工程进行生成
	@Column(name = "id")
	private Integer id;		// 编号
	
	@Column(name = "name")
	private String name;	// 姓名
	
	@Column(name = "age")
	private Integer age;	// 年龄
	
	@Column(name = "address")
	private String address;	// 地址
	
	@Column(name = "phone")
	private String phone;	// 手机号
	
	public Users() {
		super();
	}
	
	public Users(Integer id) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
	}

	public Users(String name, Integer age, String address, String phone) {
		super();
		this.name = name;
		this.age = age;
		this.address = address;
		this.phone = phone;
	}

	public Users(Integer id, String name, Integer age, String address, String phone) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
		this.age = age;
		this.address = address;
		this.phone = phone;
	}

	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public Integer getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(Integer age) {
		this.age = age;
	}

	public String getAddress() {
		return address;
	}

	public void setAddress(String address) {
		this.address = address;
	}

	public String getPhone() {
		return phone;
	}

	public void setPhone(String phone) {
		this.phone = phone;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Users [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + ", address=" + address + ", phone=" + phone
				+ "]";
	}
}

• 持久层接口

public interface IUsersDao {
	
	/**
	 * 新增用户数据家
	 * @param user  封装好的数据对象
	 */
	void saveUsers(Users user);
	
	/**
	 * 根据用户编号删除用户数据
	 * @param userId  用户编号
	 */
	void deleteUsers(Users user);
	
	/**
	 * 修改用户信息
	 * @param user  封装好的数据对象
	 */
	void updateUsers(Users user);
	
	/**
	 * 根据用户编号查询用户数据
	 * @param userId  用户编号
	 * @return	返回对于用户编号的用户信息
	 */
	Users findUsersByUsersId(Integer userId);
}

• 持久层实现类

// 持久层注解
@Repository
// 事务注解，用于管理事务操作
@Transactional
public class UsersDaoImpl implements IUsersDao {
	
	@PersistenceContext(name = "entityManager")
	private EntityManager entityManager;

	@Override
	public void saveUsers(Users user) {
		this.entityManager.persist(user);
	}

	@Override
	public void deleteUsers(Users user) {
		Users userObj = this.findUsersByUsersId(user.getId());
		this.entityManager.remove(userObj);
	}

	@Override
	public void updateUsers(Users user) {
		this.entityManager.merge(user);
	}

	@Override
	public Users findUsersByUsersId(Integer userId) {
		return this.entityManager.find(Users.class, userId);
	}
}

• 持久层单元测试类

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class UsersDaoImplTest {
	
	@Autowired
	private IUsersDao userDao;

	/**
	 * 测试新增方法
	 */
	@Test
	public void testSaveUsers() {
		Users user = new Users("德玛西亚", 123, "中国北京", "123456");
		this.userDao.saveUsers(user);
	}

	/**
	 *  测试删除方法
	 */
	@Test
	public void testDeleteUsers() {
		this.userDao.deleteUsers(new Users(5));
	}

	/**
	 * 测试更新方法
	 */
	@Test
	public void testUpdateUsers() {
		Users user = new Users(6,"后裔射日", 125, "中国北京", "123456");
		this.userDao.updateUsers(user);
	}

	/**
	 * 根据用户编号查询用户信息
	 */
	@Test
	public void testFindUsersByUsersId() {
		Users user = this.userDao.findUsersByUsersId(3);
		System.out.println(user);
	}
}

使用Hibernate JPA的HQL查询

• 持久层接口代码

/**
 * 根据名字查询用户信息
 * @param name	用户姓名
 * @return 返回一个包含指定姓名的用户列表
 */
List<Users> findUserByName(String name);

• 持久层实现类代码

@Override
public List<Users> findUserByName(String name) {
	// 编写查询条件
	Query hqlQuery = this.entityManager.createQuery("FROM Users WHERE name = :name");
	// 设置查询参数
	Query query = hqlQuery.setParameter("name", name);
	// 返回查询结果
	return query.getResultList();
}

• 持久层单元测试代码

/**
 * 根据用户名查询用户信息，使用HQL
 */
@Test
public void testFindUserByName() {
	List<Users> userObj = this.userDao.findUserByName("张三");
	for (Users users : userObj) {
		System.out.println(users);
	}
}

使用Hibernate JPA的SQL查询

• 持久层接口代码

/**
 * 根据名字模糊查询用户信息
 * @param name	用户姓名
 * @return	返回一个包含符合姓名范围的用户列表
 */
List<Users> findUserByLikeName(String name);

• 持久层实现类代码

@Override
public List<Users> findUserByLikeName(String name) {
	// 编写SQL查询条件
	Query sqlQuery = this.entityManager.createNativeQuery("SELECT * FROM t_users WHERE name LIKE :name", Users.class);
	// 设置查询参数
	Query query = sqlQuery.setParameter("name", "%"+name+"%");
	// 返回查询结果
	return query.getResultList();
}

• 持久层单元测试代码

/**
 * 根据用户名查询用户信息，使用SQL
 */
@Test
public void testFindUserByLikeName() {
	List<Users> users = this.userDao.findUserByLikeName("张");
	for (Users user : users) {
		System.out.println(user);
	}
}