Python及IPython安装使用

Python：面向对象的解释型计算机程序设计语言

IPython：一个交互式计算系统。主要包含三个组件：增加的交互式 “Python shell”，解耦的双过程通信模型，交互式并行计算的架构。支持变量自动补全。

IPython是一个 python 的交互式 shell，相对于python shell，增加了变量自动补全，自动缩进，支持 bash shell 命令，内置了其它有用的功能和函数。

特点：

    强大的交互式shell

   Jupyter 内核

    交互式的数据可视化工具

    灵活、可嵌入的解释器

    易于使用，高性能的并行计算工具

1、编译安装Python   

[root@test ~]# tar zxf Python-2.7.tgz

[root@test ~]# ll

[root@test ~]# cd Python-2.7

[root@test Python-2.7]# ll

总用量 848

-rwxr-x--- 1 1000 1002 402781 5月  28 2010 configure

-rw-r----- 1 1000 1002 124898 5月 28 2010 configure.in

drwxr-x--- 23 1000 1002   4096 7月   3 2010 Demo

drwxr-x--- 17 1000 1002   4096 7月   3 2010 Doc

drwxr-x--- 2 1000 1002   4096 7月   3 2010 Grammar

drwxr-x--- 2 1000 1002   4096 7月   3 2010 Include

-rwxr-x--- 1 1000 1002   7122 6月  14 2003 install-sh

drwxr-x--- 47 1000 1002  12288 7月   3 2010 Lib

-rw-r----- 1 1000 1002  14231 7月   3 2010 LICENSE

drwxr-x--- 11 1000 1002   4096 7月   3 2010 Mac

-rw-r----- 1 1000 1002  40618 4月  12 2010 Makefile.pre.in

drwxr-x--- 5 1000 1002   4096 7月   3 2010Misc

drwxr-x--- 9 1000 1002   4096 7月   3 2010 Modules

drwxr-x--- 3 1000 1002   4096 7月   3 2010 Objects

drwxr-x--- 2 1000 1002   4096 7月   3 2010 Parser

drwxr-x--- 10 1000 1002   4096 7月   3 2010 PC

drwxr-x--- 2 1000 1002   4096 7月   3 2010 PCbuild

-rw-r----- 1 1000 1002  33981 5月   8 2010 pyconfig.h.in

drwxr-x--- 2 1000 1002   4096 7月   3 2010 Python

-rw-r----- 1 1000 1002  53728 7月   3 2010 README

drwxr-x--- 5 1000 1002   4096 7月   3 2010 RISCOS

-rw-r----- 1 1000 1002  88705 6月  27 2010 setup.py

drwxr-x--- 22 1000 1002   4096 7月   3 2010 Tools

查询编译参数帮助：

[root@test Python-2.7]# ./configure --help

安装依赖包

[root@test Python-2.7]# yum installreadline-devel

Installed:

 readline-devel.x86_64 0:6.0-4.el6                                            

Dependency Installed:

 ncurses-devel.x86_64 0:5.7-4.20090207.el6                                    

Dependency Updated:

 ncurses-base.x86_64 0:5.7-4.20090207.el6                                      

 ncurses-libs.x86_64 0:5.7-4.20090207.el6

编译安装Python                                     

[root@test Python-2.7]# ./configure--prefix=/usr/local/python27

[root@test Python-2.7]# make & makeinstall

测试Python是否安装成功

[root@test Python-2.7]# /usr/local/python27/bin/python2.7

Python 2.7 (r27:82500, May 20 2018,20:05:39)

[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-18)] onlinux2

Type "help","copyright", "credits" or "license" for moreinformation.

>>> print "hello world!"

hello world!

>>> exit()

2、安装IPython

[root@test Python-2.7]# cd

[root@test ~]# tar zxf ipython-1.2.1.tar.gz

[root@test ~]# cd ipython-1.2.1

[root@test ipython-1.2.1]# ls

COPYING.txt docs  examples  IPython PKG-INFO  README.rst  scripts setupbase.py  setupegg.py  setupext setup.py

安装ipython

[root@test ipython-1.2.1]#/usr/local/python27/bin/python2.7 setup.py build

[root@test ipython-1.2.1]#/usr/local/python27/bin/python2.7 setup.py install

[root@test ipython-1.2.1]# ls/usr/local/python27/bin/

2to3      ipcontroller  iptest   pycolor python2.7         smtpd.py

idle      ipengine      ipython  pydoc   python2.7-config

ipcluster iplogger      irunner  python  python-config

创建链接文件

[root@test ipython-1.2.1]# ln -sv/usr/local/python27/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python27

"/usr/bin/python27" ->"/usr/local/python27/bin/python2.7"

[root@test ipython-1.2.1]# ln -sv/usr/local/python27/bin/ipython /usr/bin/

"/usr/bin/ipython" ->"/usr/local/python27/bin/ipython"

测试ipython是否安装成功

[root@test ipython-1.2.1]# ipython

WARNING: IPython History requires SQLite,your history will not be saved

Python 2.7 (r27:82500, May 20 2018,20:05:39)

Type "copyright","credits" or "license" for more information.

IPython 1.2.1 -- An enhanced InteractivePython.

?        -> Introduction and overview of IPython's features.

%quickref -> Quick reference.

help     -> Python's own help system.

object?  -> Details about 'object', use 'object??' for extra details.

In [1]: print "hello field"

hello field

In [2]: import platform

In [3]: print platform.

platform.DEV_NULL               platform.python_compiler

platform.architecture           platform.python_implementation

platform.dist                   platform.python_revision

platform.java_ver               platform.python_version

platform.libc_ver               platform.python_version_tuple

platform.linux_distribution     platform.re

platform.mac_ver                platform.release

platform.machine                platform.string

platform.node                   platform.sys

platform.os                     platform.system

platform.platform               platform.system_alias

platform.popen                  platform.uname

platform.processor              platform.version

platform.python_branch          platform.win32_ver

platform.python_build          

In [3]: print platform.release

In [4]: print platform.release();

2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64

In [5]: print platform.version();

#1 SMP Fri Jun 22 12:19:21 UTC 2012

In [6]: print platform.uname();

('Linux', 'test.field.com','2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64', '#1 SMP Fri Jun 22 12:19:21 UTC 2012', 'x86_64','x86_64')