Hadoop 2.7集群安装指南

Hadoop 2.7集群安装

安装环境是centOS环境。有三个下面的主机：

balance01     hadoop_master
balance02     node02 
balance03     node03

配置Linux安装账号

三步创建一个用户，使他有与root一样的权限。

1) 用root下，创建一个用户“app” 组 

[root@daddylinux~]#groupadd app  

2) 创建APP并添加到app组

[root@daddylinux~]#useradd app –g app   
[root@daddylinux~]#passwd app    

3) 限定app使用root特权，如下所示，编辑visudo文件。

[root@daddylinux~]# visudo    
# 在最后一行，添加下列信息。  
app         ALL=(ALL)       ALL

退出并保存。

安装必要的依赖库

在目标集群的机器上执行下面shell脚本：

sudo yum -y install  lzo-devel  zlib-devel  gcc autoconf automake libtool cmake  openssl-devel  

安装protobuf-java

下载最新版的protobuf java版本2.5.0:

$curl -i
https://github-cloud.s3.amazonaws.com/releases/23357588/09f5cfca-d24e-11e4-9840-20d894b9ee09.gz?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAISTNZFOVBIJMK3TQ%2F20161021%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20161021T025702Z&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Signature=a7df369f2f7b389193306c85f4d5aba58a6cc2bf7778da54f59658af6bc27b00&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&actor_id=0&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3Dprotobuf-2.5.0.tar.gz&response-content-type=application%2Foctet-stream 

$ tar xvf protobuf-2.5.0.tar.gz 
$ cd protobuf-2.5.0
##安装
$./configure && make && make install

安装maven

下载最新的maven包，现在最新的是apache-maven-3.3.9-bin.tar。解压做到指定的目录下。下面是具体的执行命令：

$ ls   
apache-maven-3.3.9-bin.tar.gz 
$pwd
/opt/h2
$ tar xvf apache-maven-3.3.9-bin.tar.gz 
$ mv apache-maven-3.3.9 maven  

配置mvn

$sudo vi /etc/profile  
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_77
export M2HOME=/opt/h2/maven 
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$M2HOME/bin:$PATH 
#保存并退出

$source /etc/profile 
$mvn -version     
$mvn -versioin   
Apache Maven 3.3.9 (bb52d8502b132ec0a5a3f4c09453c07478323dc5;  2015-11-11T00:41:47+08:00) 
Maven home: /opt/h2/maven  
Java version: 1.8.0_77, vendor: Oracle Corporation 
Java home: /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_77/jre   
Default locale: en_US, platform encoding: UTF-8  
OS name: "linux", version: "2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64", arch: "amd64", family: "unix" 

编译Hadoop源码

下载最新的稳定版本hadoop源码（现在最新是hadoop-2.7.3-src.tar.gz）。

$tar –xvf hadoop-2.7.3-src.tar.gz 
$mv hadoop-2.7.3 hadoop 
$cd hadoop 
$mvn clean package -Pdist,native -DskipTests -Dtar 

编译成功后，可以看到上面的信息。

Hadoop-dist/target/hadoop-2.7.3.tar.gz

为需要的编译文件。解压缩到/opt/h2目录下。 

修改hostname

修改hostname只需要两个步骤：

### 显示hostname 
#$ hostname 
localhost.localdomain 
### 修改hostname  
#hostname balance02  
#vi /etc/sysconfig/network 
NETWORKING=yes 
HOSTNAME=balance02 
###保存并退出即可  

安装上面步骤设置balance01，balance02, balance03主机。最后，修改每台机器的hosts文件，添加下面内容： 

192.168.234.155     balance03   node2   
192.168.234.33      balance02   node1   
192.168.234.154     balance01   hadoopmaster  

SSH设置

在每台机上运行： 

ssh-keygen -t rsa  

接着不断按Enter键，记住不能够设置密码。

cd ~/.ssh 

进入到.ssh 目录中，运行：

cp id_rsa.pub authorized_keys  

每个节点运行上面命令。 
然后，运行： 

#master machine  
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub node1   
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub node2     
#slavemachine    

ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub Hadoopmaster  

hadoopmaster能够直接通过ssh node1或者ssh node2登陆对应节点，表示配置成功了。 

配置Hadoop

设置haoop环境变量

确保已经安装了jvm1.8.0_77,没有安装，执行下面shell脚本。 

curl -L --cookie "oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie" 
http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u77-b03/jdk-8u77-linux-x64.tar.gz -o jdk-8-linux-x64.tar.gz 
tar -xvf jdk-8-linux-x64.tar.gz 
mkdir -p /usr/lib/jvm   
mv ./jdk1.8.* /usr/lib/jvm/  

update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/java" "java" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_77/bin/java" 1  
update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javac" "javac" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_77/bin/javac" 1 
update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javaws" "javaws" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_77/bin/javaws" 1 

chmod a+x /usr/bin/java  
chmod a+x /usr/bin/javac  
chmod a+x /usr/bin/javaws 

rm jdk-8-linux-x64.tar.gz 
java –version  

配置环境变量 
$vi ~/.bashrc 

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_77  
export HADOOP_INSTALL=/opt/h2  
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_INSTALL/bin  
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_INSTALL/sbin    
export HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME=$HADOOP_INSTALL    
export HADOOP_COMMON_HOME=$HADOOP_INSTALL   
export HADOOP_HDFS_HOME=$HADOOP_INSTALL      
export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_INSTALL/etc/hadoop  
export YARN_HOME=$HADOOP_INSTALL    

$source ~/.bashrc 

Hadoop-env.sh

修改hadoop-env.sh，添加配置Namenode使用parallelGC： 

export HADOOP_NAMENODE_OPTS="-XX:+UseParallelGC" 

core-site.xml

#修改为： fs.defaultFS hdfs://hadoopmaster:9000 NameNode URI

hdfs-site.xml

    
        dfs.permissions.enabled
        false
    
    
        dfs.replication
         2
  
  
   dfs.namenode.name.dir
    /opt/h2/hdfs/namenode
  
  
     dfs.datanode.data.dir
      /opt/h2/hdfs/datanode
  

mapred-site.xml

    mapreduce.framework.name
    yarn
    Execution framework.


    mapreduce.jobtracker.address
    hadoopmaster:9001

yarn-site.xml

          yarn.resourcemanager.hostname
          hadoop_master


        yarn.nodemanager.aux-services.mapreduce_shuffle.class
        org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler


        yarn.nodemanager.aux-services
        mapreduce_shuffle


        yarn.resourcemanager.address
        hadoopmaster:8032


        yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address
        hadoopmaster:8030


        yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address
        hadoopmaster:8031


    yarn.nodemanager.vmem-pmem-ratio
    3

masters slaves

添加masters slaves文件的ip地址。 
mastes文件:

hadoopmaster

slaves文件：

node1
node2

验证是否安装成功

启动fds

运行start-dfs.sh命令启动fds。成功启动后，可以使用下面命令验证是否成功。

[app@balance01 h2]$ hdfs dfs -mkdir /tmp
[app@balance01 h2]$ hdfs dfs -put NOTICE.txt /tmp/
[app@balance01 h2]$ hdfs dfs -ls /tmp
Found 1 items
-rw-r--r--   2 app supergroup      14978 2016-10-24 11:27 /tmp/NOTICE.txt

启动yarn

运行start-yarn.sh命令启动yarn。成功启动后，可以使用下面命令验证是否成功。

hadoop jar share/hadoop/mapreduce/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.7.3.jar  pi 2 5
……
Job Finished in 28.235 seconds
Estimated value of Pi is 3.60000000000000000000

浏览WEB UI

NameNode的管理界面： http://｛hadoopmaster｝:8088/cluster

MapReduce JobHistory 的浏览界面：

http://｛jms_address｝:8088/cluster

必须启动JobHistory的进程，

mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh start historyserver

MapReduce 管理页面：

http://｛hadoopmaster｝:8088/cluster

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