效果如图: 并且点击图片可以更换验证码
验证码 验证原理:
JAVA绘制图片,然后将验证码的字符上传session,在登陆时候验证session 里的值和用户输入的值即可。
首先做个绘制类:
package Domain.func;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;
public class DrawYzm extends JFrame{
private int width = 900;//验证码宽度
private int height = 240;//验证码高度
private int codeCount = 4;//验证码个数
private int lineCount = 123;//混淆线个数
char[] codeSequence = { 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J',
'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W',
'X', 'Y', 'Z', '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9' };
public void getCode( HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
//定义随机数类
Random r = new Random();
//定义存储验证码的类
StringBuilder builderCode = new StringBuilder();
//定义画布
BufferedImage buffImg = new BufferedImage(width,height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
//得到画笔
Graphics g = buffImg.getGraphics();
//1.设置颜色,画边框
g.setColor(Color.black);
g.drawRect(0,0,width,height);
//2.设置颜色,填充内部
g.setColor(Color.white);
g.fillRect(1,1,width-2,height-2);
//3.设置干扰线
g.setColor(Color.blue);
for (int i = 0; i < lineCount; i++) {
g.drawLine(r.nextInt(width),r.nextInt(width),r.nextInt(width),r.nextInt(width));
}
//4.设置验证码
g.setColor(Color.blue);
//4.1设置验证码字体
g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑",Font.LAYOUT_LEFT_TO_RIGHT,170));
for (int i = 0; i < codeCount; i++) {
char c = codeSequence[r.nextInt(codeSequence.length)];
builderCode.append(c);
g.drawString(c+"",150*(i+1),175);
}
//5.输出到屏幕
ServletOutputStream sos = response.getOutputStream();
ImageIO.write(buffImg,"png",sos);
//6.保存到session中
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
session.setAttribute("codeValidate",builderCode.toString());
//7.禁止图像缓存。
response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
response.setContentType("image/png");
//8.关闭sos
sos.close();
}
}
做个servlet 针对验证码:
package Servlet;
import Domain.func.DrawYzm;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet("/YZM")
public class YZM extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request,response);
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
DrawYzm drawYzm=new DrawYzm();
drawYzm.getCode(request,response);
request.setAttribute("yzm",drawYzm);
request.getRequestDispatcher("yzmimg").forward(request, response);
}
}
在放验证码的地方放个div 里面存储图片。div 先display:none
然后js控制 当密码框被focus(焦点)时候,让display=block
img的src指向servlet YZM
这时候就会出现验证码了。
如何让验证码点击变化呢。
这里需要js控制。
点击时候重新给img指定src。
注意的是。src不能和原先一样,否则浏览器会缓存图片,导致验证码不改变。
所以可以使用这样的方法:
document.getElementById("yzm_img_real").addEventListener("click",()=>{
var url = document.getElementById("yzm_img_real").getAttribute("src");
var randomnum = Math.random();
document.getElementById("yzm_img_real").setAttribute("src",url+"?"+randomnum);
},false);
监听 验证码点击,如果被点击
指定个随机数,让图片链接换成后代参数的链接(注:此参数纯属刷新浏览器缓存用,实现每个链接不一致)
既可以实现点击图片发生变化。