Django JWT Token RestfulAPI用户认证详解

一般情况下我们Django默认的用户系统是满足不了我们的需求的，那么我们会对他做一定的扩展

创建用户项目

python manage.py startapp users

添加项目apps

settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [
 ...
 'users.apps.UsersConfig',

]
添加AUTH_USRE_MODEL 替换默认的user
AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'users.UserProfile'

如果说想用全局认证需要在配置文件中添加

# 全局认证from rest_framework.authentication import TokenAuthentication,BasicAuthentication,SessionAuthentication

REST_FRAMEWORK = {
 'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': (
  # 'rest_framework_jwt.authentication.JSONWebTokenAuthentication', # 全局认证，开源jwt
  'rest_framework.authentication.BasicAuthentication',
  'rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication',
  # 'rest_framework.authentication.TokenAuthentication', #全局认证drf 自带的

 )
}

编写model

扩展User model

from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
from django.db import models


class UserProfile(AbstractUser):
 """
 用户
 """
 name = models.CharField(max_length=30, null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="姓名")
 birthday = models.DateField(null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="出生年月")
 gender = models.CharField(max_length=6, choices=(("male", u"男"), ("female", "女")), default="female", verbose_name="性别")
 mobile = models.CharField(null=True, blank=True, max_length=11, verbose_name="电话")
 email = models.EmailField(max_length=100, null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="邮箱")

 class Meta:
  verbose_name = "用户"
  verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

 def __str__(self):
  return self.username

编写serializers.py

from rest_framework import serializers
from users.models import VerifyCode

class VerifyCodeSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
 class Meta:
  model = VerifyCode
  fields = "__all__"

编写views 动态验证不同的请求使用不同的验证

views.py测试

from django.shortcuts import render
from rest_framework import mixins, viewsets
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from users.models import VerifyCode

from .serializers import VerifyCodeSerializer
# Create your views here.
from rest_framework.authentication import TokenAuthentication,BasicAuthentication,SessionAuthentication

from rest_framework_jwt.authentication import JSONWebTokenAuthentication
class VerifyCodeListViewSet(mixins.ListModelMixin,mixins.RetrieveModelMixin, viewsets.GenericViewSet):
 """
 验证码列表
 """
 queryset = VerifyCode.objects.all()
 serializer_class = VerifyCodeSerializer
 # authentication_classes = [TokenAuthentication, ]
 # authentication_classes = [JSONWebTokenAuthentication, ]
 # JWT 认证 加密，过期时间
 def get_authenticators(self):
  """
  Instantiates and returns the list of authenticators that this view can use.
  # 修改验证
  """
  # 动态认证
  print(self.authentication_classes)
  print([JSONWebTokenAuthentication, ])
  if self.action_map['get'] == "retrieve":
   self.authentication_classes = [BasicAuthentication,SessionAuthentication,]
  elif self.action_map['get'] == "list":
   self.authentication_classes = [JSONWebTokenAuthentication,]
  return [auth() for auth in self.authentication_classes]

 # DRF 自带的认证 不过期，易发生xss攻击
 # def get_authenticators(self):
 #  """
 #  Instantiates and returns the list of authenticators that this view can use.
 #  # 修改验证
 #  """
 #  print(self.authentication_classes)
 #  print([JSONWebTokenAuthentication, ])
 #  if self.action_map['get'] == "retrieve":
 #   self.authentication_classes = [BasicAuthentication,SessionAuthentication,]
 #  elif self.action_map['get'] == "list":
 #   self.authentication_classes = [JSONWebTokenAuthentication,]
 #  return [auth() for auth in self.authentication_classes]

 def get_queryset(self):
　　　　 # 取出认证信息
  print(self.request.auth)
  # print(self.action)
  return self.queryset
 # url

"""untitled URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
 https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
 1. Add an import: from my_app import views
 2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r'^$', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
 1. Add an import: from other_app.views import Home
 2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r'^$', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
 1. Import the include() function: from django.conf.urls import url, include
 2. Add a URL to urlpatterns: url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from rest_framework.authtoken import views
from rest_framework_jwt.views import obtain_jwt_token

from django.conf.urls import url, include
from django.contrib import admin
from rest_framework import routers
from users.views import VerifyCodeListViewSet

router = routers.DefaultRouter()
router.register(r'codes', VerifyCodeListViewSet, 'codes')

urlpatterns = [
 url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
 url(r'^api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls'))

]
urlpatterns += [
 # drf 自带的
 url(r'^api-token-auth/', views.obtain_auth_token),
 # jwt 认证
 url(r'^jwt_auth/', obtain_jwt_token),
]
urlpatterns += router.urls

1. debug模式启动

2. 使用postmain测试

粘贴jwt token 到header中法功请求获取codes列表数据

查看request 中的user可以看到用户代表成功request.auth 可以获得token

调试结束后可以看到结果

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。