rabbitmq学习笔记6 ： 路由模式 routing

一、概念和模型

• 路由模式和发布订阅模式类似，都是可以将同一信息发送给不同的消费者，但是该模式通过routing-key将信息推送到绑定关系的队列中。

    

   

二、例子：消费者1只接收routing-key为error的信息，消费者接收routing-key为error和warning的信息

• 创建MQ连接工具类

public class RabbitmqUntil {
    //获取连接
    public static Connection getRabbitmqConnection() throws Exception{
        //定义连接工厂
        ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        //设置服务地址
        factory.setHost("127.0.0.1");
        //设置端口（这里的端口号指定是AMQP协议所用的端口号）
        factory.setPort(5672);
        //设置数据库
        factory.setVirtualHost("/test");
        //设置用户名
        factory.setUsername("test");
        //设置密码
        factory.setPassword("test");
        return factory.newConnection();
    }
}

• 创建生产者，发布两条消息，routing-key分别为error和warning

public class RoutingSender {
    //路由名称
    public static final String ROUTING_NAME="routing mode";

    public static void sendMessage()throws Exception{
        //1、获取连接
        Connection rabbitmqConnection = RabbitmqUntil.getRabbitmqConnection();
        //2、创建通道
        Channel channel = rabbitmqConnection.createChannel();

        //3、创建路由（参数1：路由名称；参数2：模式名称，direct表示路由模式，路由模式发布消息需要绑定routing-key）
        channel.exchangeDeclare(ROUTING_NAME,"direct");

        //4、设置每次发送信息不超过1条
        channel.basicQos(1);

        String message="hello ,I am error";
        String routingKey ="error";
        //5、发布消息（这里需要绑定routingKey）
        channel.basicPublish(ROUTING_NAME,routingKey,null,message.getBytes());

        message="hello ,I am waring";
        routingKey="waring";
        channel.basicPublish(ROUTING_NAME,routingKey,null,message.getBytes());

    }
    public static void main(String[] args)throws Exception {
        RoutingSender.sendMessage();
    }
}

注：channel.exchangeDeclare(ROUTING_NAME,"direct"),direct表示路由模式，发布是需要绑定routing-key,channel.basicPublish(ROUTING_NAME,routingKey,null,message.getBytes());

• 消费者1，接收routing-key为error和warning的消息

public class RoutingReceiver1 {
    //路由名称
    public static final String ROUTING_NAME="routing mode";
    //队列名称
    public static final String ROUTING_QUEUE="routing queue1";

    public static void receiveMessage() throws Exception{
        //创建连接
        Connection rabbitmqConnection = RabbitmqUntil.getRabbitmqConnection();
        //获取通道
        final Channel channel = rabbitmqConnection.createChannel();
        //申明队列
        channel.queueDeclare(ROUTING_QUEUE,true,false,false,null);
        //申明每次处理一条数据
        channel.basicQos(1);
        //绑定路由(并且指定routing-key为error、warning)
        channel.queueBind(ROUTING_QUEUE,ROUTING_NAME,"error");
        channel.queueBind(ROUTING_QUEUE,ROUTING_NAME,"warning");

        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
                try{
                    System.out.println("路由模式消费者1："+new String(body,"utf-8"));
                }catch (Exception e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }finally {
                    channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(),false);
                }
            }
        };

        channel.basicConsume(ROUTING_QUEUE,false,consumer);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        RoutingReceiver1.receiveMessage();
    }
}

注：绑定多个routing-key，只要对队列进行多次绑定即可channel.queueBind()

• 消费者2，接收routing-key为error的消息

public class RoutingReceiver2 {
    //路由名称
    public static final String ROUTING_NAME="routing mode";
    //队列名称
    public static final String ROUTING_QUEUE="routing queue2";

    public static void receiveMessage() throws Exception{
        //创建连接
        Connection rabbitmqConnection = RabbitmqUntil.getRabbitmqConnection();
        //获取通道
        final Channel channel = rabbitmqConnection.createChannel();
        //申明队列
        channel.queueDeclare(ROUTING_QUEUE,true,false,false,null);
        //申明每次处理一条数据
        channel.basicQos(1);
        //绑定路由(并且指定routing-key为error)
        channel.queueBind(ROUTING_QUEUE,ROUTING_NAME,"error");

        DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel){
            @Override
            public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
                try{
                    System.out.println("路由模式消费者2："+new String(body,"utf-8"));
                }catch (Exception e){
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }finally {
                    channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(),false);
                }
            }
        };

        channel.basicConsume(ROUTING_QUEUE,false,consumer);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        RoutingReceiver2.receiveMessage();
    }
}

• 执行上面三个类，可以看到消费者2只接收到‘hello ,I am error’这条消息，而消费者1两条都接收到