一:事件监听
原生zookeeper的事件监听采用Watcher实现,不过Watcher监听是一次性的,如果需要继续监听该事件,必须重新注册。Curator中采用cache来封装了对事件的监听,包括监听节点,监听子节点等,下面分别做介绍
1.1 NodeCache
NodeCache主要用来监听节点本身的变化,当节点的状态发生变更后,回调NodeCachaListener
public interface NodeCacheListener{
/**
* Called when a change has occurred
*/
public void nodeChanged() throws Exception;
}
看一个例子:
public class NodeCacheExample {
private static final String PATH = "/nodeCache";
private static CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
static NodeCache nodeCache;
static CuratorFramework client;
static {
client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.newClient(
"host:2181", 5000, 5000, new ExponentialBackoffRetry(
1000, 3));
client.start();
}
public static void initCache() throws Exception {
client.create().forPath(PATH);
client.setData().forPath(PATH, "节点的初始值".getBytes());
nodeCache = new NodeCache(client, PATH);
EnsurePath ensurePath = client.newNamespaceAwareEnsurePath(PATH);
ensurePath.ensure(client.getZookeeperClient());
//设置成true,那么nodeCache在第一次启动的时候就会到zookeeper上去获取节点的数据内容，并保存在cache中
nodeCache.start(true);
startCache(nodeCache);
}
private static void startCache(final NodeCache cache) throws Exception {
ChildData data = cache.getCurrentData();
System.out.println("第一次启动获取到的内容:" + new String(data.getData()));
cache.getListenable().addListener(new NodeCacheListener() {
@Override
public void nodeChanged() throws Exception {
System.out.println("NodeCache changed,data is "
+ new String(cache.getCurrentData().getData()));
latch.countDown();
}
});
Thread.sleep(2000);
if(client.checkExists().forPath(PATH) != null){
System.out.println("node is exist,准备给节点设置新的内容");
client.setData().forPath(PATH, "节点新内容".getBytes());
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
initCache();
latch.await();
}
}
运行结果如下:
第一次启动获取到的内容:节点的初始值 node is exist,准备给节点设置新的内容 NodeCache changed,data is 节点新内容
1.2 PathChildrenCache
PathChildrenCache主要用来监听子节点,它有几个构造函数,参数最多的是下面这个
public PathChildrenCache(CuratorFramework client, String path, boolean cacheData, boolean dataIsCompressed, final ExecutorService executorService)
{
this(client, path, cacheData, dataIsCompressed, new CloseableExecutorService(executorService));
}
参数解释:
client：一个Curator客户端实例
path：监听路径
cacheData：boolean类型,如果是true,那么curator客户端在请求服务端的时候,会将监听节点的内容保存起来。而zookeeper原生的watcher监听是不会返回节点的内容的,只会返回节点状态,路径等
dataIsCompressed：表示是否对数据进行压缩
executorService:说明可以使用线程池来处理事件通知,当子节点数据发生变化时,会回调
public interface PathChildrenCacheListener
{
/**
* Called when a change has occurred
*
* @param client the client
* @param event describes the change
* @throws Exception errors
*/
public void childEvent(CuratorFramework client, PathChildrenCacheEvent event) throws Exception;
}
并且不会对二级节点进行监听,来看一个例子
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFrameworkFactory;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.ChildData;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.PathChildrenCache;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.PathChildrenCacheEvent;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.PathChildrenCacheListener;
import org.apache.curator.retry.ExponentialBackoffRetry;
/**
*
* Path Cache用来监控一个ZNode的子节点. 当一个子节点增加， 更新，删除时， Path Cache会改变它的状态，
* 会包含最新的子节点， 子节点的数据和状态
*
* @author tanjie
*
*/
public class PathCacheExample {
private static final String PATH = "/cache";
static PathChildrenCache cache;
static CuratorFramework client;
static CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
static CountDownLatch coutCountDownLatch = new CountDownLatch(5);
static {
client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.newClient(
"host:2181", 5000, 5000, new ExponentialBackoffRetry(
1000, 3));
client.start();
}
private static void startCache()
throws Exception {
cache = new PathChildrenCache(client, PATH, true);
cache.start();
// 给当前节点创建子节点
for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
String newPath = PATH + "/child_" + i;
String childNodeName = "child_" + i;
if (client.checkExists().forPath(PATH) != null) {
client.create().creatingParentsIfNeeded().forPath(newPath, childNodeName.getBytes());
}
coutCountDownLatch.countDown();
}
coutCountDownLatch.await();
addlistener(cache);
for (final ChildData childData : cache.getCurrentData()) {
System.out.println("pathChildCache:" + "路径:" + childData.getPath()
+ ",内容:" + new String(childData.getData()));
}
System.out.println("对父节点进行设置新值不会有通知事件发生........start");
client.setData().forPath(PATH,"哈哈".getBytes());
System.out.println("对父节点设置值 end..........");
//改变子节点的数据
System.out.println("准备删除子节点........start");
client.delete().forPath( PATH + "/child_1");
System.out.println("删除子节点........end,会有节点事件通知返回");
Thread.sleep(2000);
//改变二级节点的内容
for(int j=1;j<=2;j++){
String newPath = PATH + "/child_2/" + j;
String childNodeName = "child_2" + j;
if (client.checkExists().forPath(PATH) != null) {
client.create().forPath(newPath, childNodeName.getBytes());
}
}
addlistener(cache);
System.out.println("准备删除二级节点......start");
client.delete().forPath( PATH + "/child_2/" + 1);
System.out.println("删除二级节点......end..不会有事件监听返回");
latch.countDown();
}
private static void addlistener(final PathChildrenCache cache) {
final PathChildrenCacheListener pathChildrenCacheListener = new PathChildrenCacheListener() {
@Override
public void childEvent(CuratorFramework curatorClient,
PathChildrenCacheEvent event) throws Exception {
System.out.println("childNode path:"
+ event.getData().getPath() + ",childNode data : "
+ new String(event.getData().getData()));
}
};
cache.getListenable().addListener(pathChildrenCacheListener);
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
startCache();
latch.await();
}
}
运行结果如下:
pathChildCache:路径:/cache/child_1,内容:child_1 pathChildCache:路径:/cache/child_2,内容:child_2 pathChildCache:路径:/cache/child_3,内容:child_3 pathChildCache:路径:/cache/child_4,内容:child_4 pathChildCache:路径:/cache/child_5,内容:child_5 对父节点进行设置新值不会有通知事件发生........start 对父节点设置值 end.......... 准备删除子节点........start childNode path:/cache/child_1,childNode data : child_1 删除子节点........end,会有节点事件通知返回 准备删除二级节点......start 删除二级节点......end..不会有事件监听返回
1.3 TreeCache
TreeCache即能监听节点也能监听节点的子节点变更
public class TreeCacheExample {
private static final String PATH = "/treeNodeCache";
static TreeCache treeCache;
static CuratorFramework client;
static {
client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.newClient(
"host:2181", 5000, 5000, new ExponentialBackoffRetry(
1000, 3));
client.start();
}
public static void initCache() throws Exception {
treeCache = new TreeCache(client, PATH);
client.create().forPath(PATH);
treeCache.start();
treeCache.getListenable().addListener(new TreeCacheListener() {
@Override
public void childEvent(CuratorFramework client, TreeCacheEvent event)
throws Exception {
if(null != event.getType()){
System.out.println("节点状态发送了改变.内容为:" + new String(event.getData().getData()));
}
}
});
//添加子节点
for(int i=1;i<=5;i++){
String newPath = PATH + "/child_" + i;
client.create().forPath(newPath,("child_"+i).getBytes());
}
Thread.sleep(3000);
client.setData().forPath(PATH+ "/child_2", "我是给第二个子节点赋值".getBytes());
if(null != client.checkExists().forPath(PATH)){
client.setData().forPath(PATH,"我是来对父节点赋值的".getBytes());
}
Thread.sleep(1000);
client.setData().forPath(PATH,"我是来对父节点第二次赋值的".getBytes());
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
initCache();
Thread.sleep(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
}
}
运行结果如下:
节点状态发送了改变.内容为:child_1 节点状态发送了改变.内容为:child_2 节点状态发送了改变.内容为:child_3 节点状态发送了改变.内容为:child_4 节点状态发送了改变.内容为:child_5 节点状态发送了改变.内容为:我是给第二个子节点赋值 节点状态发送了改变.内容为:我是来对父节点赋值的 节点状态发送了改变.内容为:我是来对父节点第二次赋值的
可以看到,只有监听的节点状态发送了变化,监听事件就会执行回调,并且也能监听器父节点且不用反复注册监听