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---before 触发器 在 dml 操作之后-----------------
create or replace trigger tr_sec_emp
before
insert into update or delete on emp
begin
if to_char(Sysdate,’Dy') in ('星期六',’星期日') then
raise_application_error(-2000,’不能在休息的日修改员工的信息');
end if;
end;
--使用 条件谓词
inserting updating deleting
create or replace trigger tri_sce_emp
before
insert or update or delete on emp
begin
if to_char(sysdate,’Dy') in ('星期六','星期日') then
case
when updating then
raise_application_error(-2000,'不能在休息日更员工的信息');
when deleting then
raise_application_error(-2001,'不能在休息日删除员工的信息');
when inserting then
raise_appllication_error(-2003,'不能在休息日插入员工的信息');
end case;
end if;
end ;
-- if updating('sal') then
----执行操作
end if;
--使用 after 触发器 在DMl中 之后
create table audit_table 创建审计表
(
id number primary key,
tb_name varchar2(20) not null,
ins number not null,
upd number not null,
del number not null,
starttime date,
endtime date
);
create or replace trigger tri_sce_emp
after
insert or update or delete on emp
declare
v_temp number;
begin
select count(*) into v_temp from audit_table where tb_name='emp';
if v_temp=0 then
insert into audit_table values(seq_audit.Nextval,'emp',0,0,0,sysdate,null);
end if;
case
when inserting then
update audit_table set ins=ins+1,endtime=sysdate where tb_name='emp';
when updating then
update audit_table set upd=upd+1,endtime=sysdate where tb_name='tmp';
when deleting then
update audit_table set del=del+1,endtime=sysdate where tb_name='emp';
end case;
end;
---行触发器(before) :new 中的数据是可以更新的额 :old 中的数据是只读的
create or replace trigger tir_emp_sal
before update of sal on emp
for each row
begin
if :new.sal<:old.sal then
raise_application(-20000,'新工资不能小于原有工资');
end if
end;
--after 行级触发器(为了审计DML操作)
create table audit_sal_change
(
id number primary key,
ename varchar2(20) not null,
oldsal number(7,2) not null,
newsal number(7,2) not null,
auditTime Date
);
create or replace trigger tri_sal_change
after update of sal on emp
for each row
begin
insert into audit_sal_change values(seq_audit_sal_change.nextVal,:old.ename,:old.sal,:new.sal,sysdate);
end;
--限制行触发器
create or replace trigger tri_sal_change
after update of sal on emp
for each row
when (old.job='manager')
begin
insert into audit_sal_changes values(seq_audit_sal_chagne.NextVal,:old.ename,:old.sal,:new.sal,sysdate);
end;
--为复杂视图创建触发器 Insread Of
create or replace VIEW view_dept_emp as select a.deptno,a.dname,b.empno,b.ename from dept a,emp b whre a.deptno=b.deptno;
create or replace trigger tr_inserted_of_dept_emp
Instead Of insert on view_dept_emp
for each row
declare
v_temp number;
begin
select count(*) into v_temp form dept where deptno=:new.deptno;
if v_temp=0 then
insert into dept(deptno ,dname) values (:new.deptno,:new.dname);
end if;
select count(*) into v_temp from emp where empno=:new.empno;
if v_temp=0 then
insert int emp(empno,ename) values(:new.empno,:new.ename);
end if;
end;
---系统事件触发器
--创建例程启动和关闭的表
create table event_table
(
event varchar2(20),
event_time date
)
--例程启动 只能是 after 关闭是 before
create or replace trigger tri_startup
after startup on database
begin
insert into event_table values(ora_sysevent,SySDate);
end;
create or replace trigger tri_shutdown
before SHUTDOWN on database
begin
insert into event_table values(ora_sysevent,sysdate);
end;
--登录 after和退出触发器 before
--创建表
crreate table log_table
(
username varchar2(20),
logon_time date,
logoff_time date,
Ip varchar2(20)
);
--登录
create or replace trigger tr_logon
after logon on database
when (ora_login_user not in ('sys','sysyman'))
begin
insert into log_table (username,logon_time,ip) vlues (ora_login_user,sysydate,ora_client_ip_address);
end;
-- 退出
create or replace trigger lon_off
before logoff on database when (ora_login_user not in ('sys','sysMan'))
begin
insert int log_table (userName,log_off_time,ip) values (ora_login_user,sysdate,ora_client_ip_address);
end;
---DDL 触发器
--创建存储DDL事件的表
craete table evetn_ddl
(
event varchar2(20),
userName varchar2(20),
owner varcchar2(20),
objtype varcharr2(20),
oibname varchar2(30),
ddl_time date
);
create or replace trigger tri_ddl
after ddl on scott.schema
begin
insert int event_ddl values(ora_sysyevent,ora_login_user,ora_dict_object_ower,ora_dict_bj_name,ora_dict_pnj_type,sysdate);
end;
---管理触发器
--显示触发器的信息
select trigger_name,status from user_triggers where table_name=‘emp’;
--禁止 启用触发器
alter trigger tri_sal_change disable;
alter trigger tr_sal_change enable; --启用触发器
alter table emp enable all triggers;
--重新编译触发器
--当使用 alter table 修改表的结构时候, 会是触发器无效
alter trigger tri_sal_change compile;
--删除触发器
drop trigger tr_sal_change;