1. 按螺旋方式打印矩阵:
Print in spiral form as shown below
For n=2
3 2
0 1
For n=3
4 3 2
5 0 1
6 7 8
For n=4
15 14 13 12
4 3 2 11
5 0 1 10
6 7 8 9
一看到这个题目应该比较容易想到递归,不过这个递归里面有些细节需要特别注意,代码如下:
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
using
namespace std;
struct Position
{
Position(
int _x,
int _y) { x = _x; y = _y;}
int x, y;
};
Position *CalculatePosition(
int value,
int xb,
int yb)
//
xb和yb表示x和y的边界,并不表示一个点,这个也是需要搞清楚的,对某个n值而言,应该分别取什么样的值,需要计算清楚了
{
int n = sqrt(value)+
1;
int t1 = n*n;
int t2 = (n-
1)*(n-
1);
int t3 = t1 - t2;
if(n%
2)
{
if(value >=(t2+n-
1))
return
new Position(xb+value-t2-n+
1,yb);
//
四种移动方式,每种的计算公式需要特别仔细地搞清楚
else
return
new Position(xb, value-t2);
}
else
{
if(value >=(t1-n))
return
new Position(xb+t1-value-
1, yb-n);
else
return
new Position(xb+n-
1,t1-n-value);
}
}
void printspiral(
int n)
{
int data[n][n];
int startx,starty;
int total = n*n;
int counting =
0;
int i = n*n-
1;
int t = n;
int xb =
0, yb = t;
bool xinc =
true ;
while(i>=
0)
{
if(i>(t*t-
1))
//
之前这里比较的是和t*t的关系,但是后来做了调整,==应该判断和t*t-1的关系,而这里就没有相应的改变一下,就出现了一个错误
{
Position *p = CalculatePosition(i,xb,yb);
cout<<
"
x =
"<<p->x<<
"
y =
"<<p->y<<endl;
}
else
if(i == (t*t-
1))
{
xinc = (xinc ==
false)?
true:
false;
//
之前的写法是xinc == false? true:false,这个语句根本不会给xinc赋值,这个错误有点傻了
if(xinc) xb++;
else yb--;
t--;
Position *p = CalculatePosition(i,xb,yb);
cout<<
"
x =
"<<p->x<<
"
y =
"<<p->y<<endl;
}
else
cout<<
"
assert
"<<endl;
//
assert(false);
i--;
}
}
int main(
int argc,
char **argv)
{
printspiral(
5);
}
2. 在一个字符串中找出由2个字符构成的最长的字符串,比如aaabbc中aaabb由2个字符组成,且长度为5,所以返回结构应该是5:
#include <iostream>
#include <
string.h>
using
namespace std;
int getL2Substring(
const
char *src,
int len)
{
int prevIndex =
0, prevCount =
0;
int currentIndex =
0, currentCount =
0;
int max =
0;
for(
int i =
0;i<len;i++)
{
if(src[i] == src[currentIndex])
{
currentCount++;
}
else
{
if((prevCount + currentCount)>max)
max = prevCount + currentCount;
prevIndex = currentIndex;
prevCount = currentCount;
currentIndex = i;
currentCount =
1;
//
这个地方应该是1, 而不是0,要考虑清楚了!!!
}
}
cout<<
"
max len is
"<<max<<endl;
return max;
}
int main(
int argc,
char **argv)
{
char *src =
"
caaaabbbccccdefghighk
";
getL2Substring(src, strlen(src));
}
3. 给定一个很长的字符串str 还有一个字符集比如{a,b,c} 找出str里包含{a,b,c}的最短子串。比如,字符集是a,b,c,字符串是abdcaabcx,则最短子串为abc。 要求复杂度为O(n),代码如下:
用两个变量 front rear 指向一个的子串区间的头和尾,用一个数组记录当前这个子串里 字符集a,b,c 各自的个数,一个变量sum记录字符集里有多少个了。rear 一直加,更新cnt[]和sum的值,直到 sum等于字符集个数
然后front++,直到cnt[]里某个字符个数为0,这样就找到一个符合条件的字串了,继续前面的操作,就可以找到最短的了。
#include <iostream>
#include <map>
using
namespace std;
const
int CHARNUM =
26;
int records[CHARNUM];
bool chckexistenceinsubset(
char c,
const
char *subset,
int len)
{
for(
int i =
0 ;i<len;i++)
if(subset[i] == c)
return
true;
return
false;
}
int getLSL(
const
char *src,
int len1,
const
char *subset,
int len2)
{
if(src==NULL || len1 ==
0)
return
0;
if(subset ==NULL || len2 ==
0)
return
0;
for(
int i =
0 ;i < len2;i++)
records[*(subset+i)-
'
a
'] =
0;
int front =
0, end =
0;
int sum =
0;
int min =
10000;
bool found =
false;
while(end<len1)
{
while(sum != len2 && end<= len1)
{
if(chckexistenceinsubset(src[end], subset, len2))
records[src[end]-
'
a
']++;
if(records[src[end]-
'
a
'] ==
1) sum++;
end++;
}
while(!found && sum == len2 && front <=end)
{
if(chckexistenceinsubset(src[front], subset, len2))
{
records[src[front]-
'
a
']--;
if(records[src[front]-
'
a
'] ==
0)
sum--;
if(sum == (len2-
1)) found =
true;
}
front++;
}
if(found && (end-front+
1)<min)
{
min = end-front+
1;
found =
false;
}
}
cout<<
"
min is
"<<min<<
"
from
"<<front<<
"
to
"<<end<<endl;
return min;
}
int main(
int argc,
char **argv)
{
char * src =
"
fadabecfdcba
";
getLSL(src, strlen(src),
"
abc
",
3);
}